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HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 6a. SB 9 Presentation - Staff MemoMemorandum Date: November 24, 2021 To: City Council From: Michael Codron, Community Development Director Prepared By: Teresa McClish, Housing Policy and Programs Manager Owen Goode, Assistant Planner Olivia Bergin, Planning Intern Subject: Senate Bill 9 Overview On September 16, 2021, California Governor Gavin Newson approved Senate Bill No. 9 (SB-9) with the goal of increasing the state’s housing supply while providing for increased home- ownership opportunities. While the new law is also intended to promote “affordability,” it only does this through increased supply and does not require affordable housing as a component of any project. SB-9 makes two important changes to the Government Code with respect to land zoned R-1 (Low-Density Residential). The first change allows for more “by right” urban infill development – specifically requiring jurisdictions to ministerially approve up to two primary residences on a given R-1 lot. The second allows for an “urban lot split,” which would allow for the two residences to be built on separate lots so that they can be sold independently, creating additional home-ownership opportunities. It is important to note that SB-9 does not combine with Accessory Dwelling Unit requirements, which allow up to three units to be on a lot (primary residence, ADU and Junior ADU). SB-9 only requires that local agencies allow up to two primary residences of 800 square feet each.1 SB-9 specifically relieves local agencies from other Government Code requirements related to Accessory Dwelling Units and Junior Accessory Dwelling Unit requirements when an urban lot split is pursued.2 SB-9 will go into effect on January 1, 2022. The State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is expected to publish a guidance memo on implementation and enforcement of SB-9, but there is no timetable for publication of the memo. In the meantime, staff has been researching the issues and engaging with planners locally and across the State to better understand the full range of development opportunities created by SB-9 and how the City may want to respond with a local ordinance to guide implementation. While some jurisdictions, notably Santa Barbara, are pursuing emergency ordinances, this is not currently recommended for the City of SLO given the significant eligibility constraints for pursuing an SB-9 project, and other high- priority work currently underway on the Inclusionary Housing Ordinance update. 1 See Government Code Section 65852.21 (b)(2)(A):  https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB9  2 See Government Code Section 65852.21(f):  https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB9  Item 6a   SB‐9 Implementation Memo : 11/24/2021 : Page 2    Eligibility Like SB-35 before it, SB-9 includes eligibility criteria that significantly limits where the new rules can be implemented and who is eligible to pursue an SB-9 project. A summary of these eligibility requirements follows. Owner-Occupancy SB-9 has significant owner-occupancy requirements to ensure stability in neighborhoods and prevent speculation and lot accumulation for the purpose of infill development. Any property included in a project that intends to take advantage of SB-9 rules cannot demolish or significantly alter any unit that has been occupied by a tenant during the previous three years. In addition, owner-occupancy of one of the units is required for three years following development. Approximately half of all of the City’s R-1 lots are currently used as rental properties and would not be immediately eligible for SB-9 development. Exclusion Areas SB 9 cross references Government Code Section 65913.4 created by SB-35 (e.g. proposed SB- 9 development must satisfy the requirements of subparagraphs (B) to (K), inclusive of paragraph (6) of subdivision (a) of Government Code Section 65913.4). SB-9 defines exclusion areas as areas that include the following designations:  Prime farmland or farmland of statewide importance;  Wetlands;  Land within the very high fire hazard severity zone, unless the development complies with state mitigation requirements;  Hazardous waste sites;  Sites within earthquake fault zones;  Land within the 100-year floodplain or a floodway;  Land identified for conservation under a natural community conservation plan, or lands under conservation easement;  Habitat for protected species; or  Sites located within a historic or landmark district, or a site that has a historic property or landmark under state or local law, as specified. The City is in the process of mapping these exclusion areas, which together with the owner- occupancy requirements will further reduce the number of properties that can participate in an SB-9 development. Urban Lot Split Requirements To qualify for ministerial, or “by-right” approval, the proposed lot split must meet the following criteria:  The lot split must result in two lots of approximately equal size (60/40 split at most);  Each new lot must be at least 1,200 square feet (unless the local agency adopts a lower minimum);  The lot to be split cannot have been established through a prior SB-9 lot split; Item 6a   SB‐9 Implementation Memo : 11/24/2021 : Page 3     Neither the lot owner nor anyone acting “in concert with” the owner has previously subdivided an adjacent parcel through a SB-9 lot split;  The uses on the resulting lots would be residential;  The property has not had a tenant on the premises during the past three years; and  The applicant records an agreement that requires them to live in one of the resulting units for three years unless the applicant is a qualified non-profit or community land trust. Projects Must Be Consistent with City Objective Design Standards The objective design standards recently added to the City’s Zoning Regulations will apply to SB- 9 projects. However, the new law includes some provisions that would require the City to relax its requirements. For example, if there is an existing dwelling unit on a property that has less than standard setbacks, the City cannot require greater setbacks for the new development. SB-9 allows for new buildings to be developed with a maximum 4-foot setback, where the City’s normal standard is 5 feet. In addition, the City cannot impose standards that would prevent the ability of the project to include up to two dwellings, minimum 800 square feet each. Parking Requirements The City may require one parking space per unit because there are no qualifying “high quality” transit facilities within our jurisdiction, nor formal car share programs. ADU’s and Impact Fees As previously mentioned, SB-9 projects do not combine with the ADU law to allow more than three units per lot (which can currently be accomplished under local regulations). Overall, there are significant benefits to pursuing an ADU project rather than an SB-9 project. Specifically, an ADU project can net an additional unit (three versus two), ADU projects are exempt from impact fees, and ADU projects are exempt from owner-occupancy requirements. In addition, far more properties in the City are eligible for ADUs. New development proposed under SB-9 must pay all City impact fees, making SB-9 development relatively expensive when compared to ADU development. As a result, staff believes that property owners in the City will continue to pursue ADU projects over SB-9 projects, unless an urban lot split is pursued allowing for cost recovery through the sale of one of the resulting homes (with owner-occupancy required for the other). Statistical Analysis Ongoing City staff is coordinating with our Geographic Information Systems (GIS) team and leveraging recent research that was provided by the Terner Center for Housing Innovation at UC Berkeley to provide a statistical analysis of potential SB-9 project sites. This work is ongoing, and results will be shared with the community once it is completed. The final product will identify lots where SB-9 development is technically feasible. Staff intends to perform a fine grain level of analysis to take into consideration properties that would be limited from pursuing SB-9 projects due to Homeowner’s Association requirements (e.g. Stoneridge), and townhome developments that may technically qualify but practically do not have sufficient land available to support new development. Item 6a   SB‐9 Implementation Memo : 11/24/2021 : Page 4    Next Steps City staff will be making a presentation on SB-9 to the Planning Commission on December 8th. The City Council may also wish to discuss SB-9 on a future agenda. Should a majority of City Council members direct staff to prepare an emergency ordinance to address SB-9 development standards, staff would like the opportunity to discuss “trade-offs” with the City Council. Specifically, staff is currently prioritizing the Inclusionary Housing Ordinance update for completion in August 2022. Staff recommends that the SB-9 implementing ordinance follow the Inclusionary Housing Ordinance update. In the meantime, staff is tracking the work of other jurisdictions on this topic. The cities of Atascadero, Santa Barbara, Mill Valley, Palo Alto, and Cupertino are pursuing ordinances now. Staff will track these efforts and is also looking out for the expected guidance memo from HCD, which will help us identify the appropriate scope for a local ordinance on SB-9 implementation. Item 6a Item 6a Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 1 Senate Bill 9: Overview Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 Presentation Overview What is SB9? Background Eligibility Anti-Displacement Standards Lot Splits Objective Standards Exclusion Areas Development Comparisons (SB9 vs. ADU’s) Next Steps 1 2 Item 6a Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 2 Background Signed by Governor Newsom September 2021 Requires ministerial approval (pass/fail checklist) of: 1.Two (2) residential units on a parcel within a R-1 residential zone; 2.Subdividing one (1) lot into two (2) lots within a R-1 zone and development of two units on each parcel (four total units) Development must meet eligibility criteria Not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Becomes effective January 1, 2022 Statutory Eligibility – Anti-Displacement Requirements Cannot involve the demolition or alteration of structures if the property contains: Affordable housing; or Housing occupied by a tenant within the last three (3) years Rent controlled housing; or Housing withdrawn from the rental market in the past fifteen (15) years Source: Goldfarb Lipman Attorneys – SB 9 Webinar 3 4 Item 6a Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 3 Owner Occupied Homes City GIS Staff compiled data on owner occupied and tenant occupied homes within the R1 Zone An estimated 4,160 units of the 8,068 units within the R1 Zone are owner occupied (51.6%) Nearly half of the R1 Zones are subject to tenant occupied restrictions attached to SB9 Statutory (SB9) Eligibility Specific to Lot Splits The lot split must result in two lots of approximately equal size (60/40 split at most); Each new lot must be at least 1,200 square feet (unless the local agency adopts a lower minimum); The lot to be split cannot have been established through a prior SB 9 lot split Neither the lot owner nor anyone acting “in concert with” the owner has previously subdivided an adjacent parcel through a SB 9 lot split (no assemblage); Applicant must sign affidavit stating that one of the units will be owner occupied for the next 3 years 5 6 Item 6a Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 4 Statutory (SB9) Objective Standards Setback of four feet from side and rear lot lines. Off-street parking of one space per unit No short-term rental units (less than 30 days) 3-year Owner-Occupied requirement when SB9 lot split is approved No ADU or JADU allowed in conjunction with a SB9 project City Objective Standards In addition to Statutory Standards, SB9 authorizes cities to impose Objective Zoning Standards, Objective Design Standards, Subdivision Standards as long as those standards do not: 1.Physically preclude the construction of 2 units on either resulting parcels; 2.Physically preclude either of the 2 units from being at least 800 square feet in floor area On December 7, 2021, the City Council adopted Objective Design Standards (Effective January 5, 2022) 7 8 Item 6a Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 5 Fire Hazard and R-1 Zones Minimal overlap with Very High Fire Hazard Zones and R- 1 Zones Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 Statutory Exclusions (SB9) Prime farmland or farmland of statewide importance; Wetlands; Land within the very high fire hazard severity zone, unless the development complies with state mitigation requirements; Hazardous waste sites; Sites within earthquake fault zones; 9 10 Item 6a Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 6 Statutory Exclusions Continued (SB9) Land within the 100-year floodplain or a floodway (unless mitigated); Land identified for conservation under a natural community conservation plan, or lands under conservation easement; Habitat for protected species; or Sites located within a historic or landmark district, or a site that has a historic property or landmark under state or local law, as specified. The parcel cannot have been created from a previous lot split as provided by this policy. Cities have authority to deny projects that are a threat public health and safety (under 65852.21.D) Jurisdictions Pursuing Urgency Ordinances Some jurisdictions pursuing urgency ordinances include: City of Santa Barbara City of Atascadero City of Paso Robles City of Cupertino City of Palo Alto 11 12 Item 6a Staff Presentation 12/08/2021 7 Comparison SB 9 and Accessory Dwelling Unit Law Requirements Senate Bill 9 Local ADU Law Owner Occupancy Yes, 3-year requirement No Owner Occupancy Required Alteration of Existing Structures Restrictions No Restrictions Impact Fees Yes No Objective Design Standards Must comply with recently approved City ODS Exempt from new ODS – current standards apply Parking Requirement 1-space/SB9 unit none Next Steps Housing is a Major City Goal in the 21-23 Financial Plan Major City Goal Work Program Includes: Update of the Inclusionary Housing Ordinance Update of the Subdivision Regulations Housing Element Policy and Program for Missing Middle Housing (SB9 is not inconsistent) HE Policy 5.3 – Encourage the development of a variety of “missing middle” housing types. HE Program 5.4 – Evaluate and implement “missing middle” housing types (e.g. duplex, triplex, quadplex, cottages, etc.) to increase housing options in the City within three years of adopting the Housing Element. 13 14