HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-01-2014 SS1 Status of Implementation of Existing Regs of Newsracks in City Right of Way
FROM: Daryl Russell Grigsby, Public Works Director
Prepared By: Hal Hannula, Supervising Civil Engineer
SUBJECT: STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF EXISTING NEWSRACK
REGULATIONS
RECOMMENDATION
1. Receive a report on the progress of the Newsrack Program
2. Provide feedback for program continuation and/or enhancement
DISCUSSION
Background
In the past, staff received direction to pursue measures to enhance streetscape, maintain
infrastructure and improve the aesthetics within the Downtown. One of the items of concern was the
condition, lack of maintenance, and general aesthetic of many of the newsracks. In February of
2011, staff came to the City Council with the consideration of the current and proposed regulations
governing the maintenance of newsracks in the public right-of-way. The report included a fully
enforceable ordinance that would have consolidated distribution in uniform racks in the Downtown.
The Council was persuaded not to pursue ordinance changes and that the provisions of the current
ordinance should be enforced as a first step. Staff took additional steps to notify vendors of
permitting requirements, work with Downtown business representatives to identify problem racks,
and request remediation of those racks by vendors. Now that the program has been implemented,
there has been feedback from observers and stakeholders that the permit program developed to date
has not yielded the desired results. In response to this concern, Public Works staff has recently
initiated a more focused pilot program to achieve compliance. More information about past and
current efforts is provided below under the subsection Focused Pilot Program.
In order to help the City Council consider the options related to the regulation of newsracks it is
important to understand the legal consideration at play. The legal landscape surrounding newsrack
regulation has not changed significantly since the Council last considered the issue of modified
regulations to require distribution via uniform City owned newsracks. Distribution of publications
through newsracks is a well-established, protected right under the First Amendment of the United
State Constitution and the California Constitution. Accordingly, the government's right to restrict
free speech “‘... is very limited: the government may enforce reasonable time, place, and manner
regulations as long as the restrictions “are content-neutral, are narrowly tailored to serve a
significant governmental interest, and leave open ample alternative channels of communication.’”
(Gonzales v. Superior Court, 180 Cal.App.3d. 1116)
In 2000, the Tribune sued the City of Paso Robles alleging that Paso’s then newly enacted newsrack
regulations restricting the number and location of the racks throughout public areas violated the
newspaper’s rights under the State and Federal Constitutions (a copy of the case is available in the
Meeting Date
Item Number April 1, 2014
SS1
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Status of Implementation of the Existing Newsrack Regulations Page 2
Council reading file). The trial court held that that the City’s ordinance violated the First
Amendment to the United States Constitution because it was “…not narrowly-tailored to address
specific safety, economic or aesthetic concerns.” The California Court of Appeal, in an unpublished
decision, affirmed the trial court’s ruling “because City made no attempt to ascertain whether the
restrictions were related to its purported concerns, and did not consider whether the restrictions
were narrowly tailored to achieve the goals set forth...” The Court of Appeal decision noted that
“…staff did not seek input from citizens or appellants about the significance or propriety of the
goals stated, whether the new, additional restrictions are reasonably calculated to achieve significant
government goals, or whether more narrowly drawn, less restrictive provisions might achieve such
goals, as required by First Amendment jurisprudence.”
While the Paso case was not binding authority, it did provide some valuable guidance as to how
local courts might evaluate regulation in this arena. Thus, when the City last undertook evaluation
of newsrack regulation, staff from Public Works and the City Attorney’s Office engaged in
significant stakeholder outreach in order to define City objectives and obtain and consider feedback
from vendors and representatives of Downtown business and tourism interests regarding the scope
and nature of regulation appropriate to achieve City objectives. More recently, Public Works staff
has again reached out to stakeholders in an effort to enhance compliance with existing regulation
and understand what, if any, additional regulations may be necessary to achieve the City’s objective
of maintaining organized, operational, safe and clean and well-maintained newsracks in the
Downtown.
Notwithstanding the outcome in the Paso case, the Court of Appeal acknowledged, and other state
and federal cases make clear, that a city may adopt and enforce ordinances governing the manner,
appearance, and location of newsrack distribution. There are numerous cases, at both state and
federal levels, holding that content-neutral ordinances adopted in reliance on records demonstrating
adverse impacts on governmental interests and regulations carefully crafted to address those adverse
impacts are permissible. Thus, it is clear that the City can regulate in this area, generally, and may
apply special, more restrictive requirements to its Downtown in the interest of preserving and
enhancing aesthetics and protecting public safety in its rights of way. An article published by the
First Amendment Center outlining the evolution of the case law in this arena in more detail is
attached to this report as Attachment 1.
Major Topic
1. Downtown Newsrack Program Implementation
The Newsrack Program was an entirely new program that started shortly after Council direction in
early 2011. The several program steps including inspections continued through 2012 and 2013. A
more significant and concentrated effort was commenced at the beginning of this year. Although an
ordinance was in place, encroachment permits were initially not required and rack installations were
not subject to specific conditions. Although vendor racks would be included for permitted locations
citywide, the primary focus was and continues to be related to aesthetics and Downtown aesthetics.
The current newsrack regulations require that news vendors obtain an encroachment permit within
ten days of placing racks within the public right-of-way. At the time of our last presentation to the
Council, no vendors operating with the public right-of-way had an active permit.
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Step One: Identify vendors and issue permits. The first order of business required that all
vendors be identified. Staff established a list of companies and contacts in charge of the racks.
Notices were sent out and all news agencies ultimately completed encroachment permit
applications, provided rack locations lists, paid the appropriate fees, provided liability insurance and
signed permits. The program resulted in twelve encroachment permits for vendors. The twelve
vendors are responsible for 119 racks in the Downtown area.
Step Two: Evaluate regulations and establish permit conditions. One of the initial Council and
community concerns regarded aesthetics and overall rack appearance and maintenance. These
provisions are not specifically articulated in the current Ordinance. The current provisions for any
encroachment permit require that the permittee comply with City Engineering Standards and
Guidelines. While the Ordinance does not specify aesthetic standards, the newsrack permit includes
specific conditions related to aesthetic requirements. The permit condition language includes in
part, “Racks shall be maintained per MC Chapter 12.04, City standards, and guidelines….. Racks
shall be reasonably free of graffiti, dirt, grease, rust, damage, peeling/faded paint, & deteriorated
plastic/glass.” A program enhancement, for Council consideration, could be specification of
aesthetic standards in the Ordinance itself, which would broaden the array of enforcement options to
achieve compliance to include all options otherwise available for Municipal Code violations.
Step Three: Follow-up inspections. We have seen some progress in the reduction of the number of
rack violations since the start of the program. Initial inspections were conducted by City staff. The
Downtown Association (DA) agreed to use their private security staff to complete follow-up
inspections. Standard inspection forms were created to cover a group of racks (rack cluster). Our
inspection protocol included the identification of the specific rack location, rack vendors in each
location, and a checklist of violations or rack approval.
1. The initial inspection indicated that 37 newsracks had graffiti.
2. The following inspection indicated that only 14 newsracks had graffiti violations.
3. The next blanket inspection showed that two-thirds of the outstanding rack violations were
related to rack cleaning.
4. The Downtown Association and City inspection programs were subsequently temporarily
suspended as we strategized on our next steps.
2. Focused Pilot Program
In January, staff began a focused pilot program for a smaller subset of the Downtown racks. Our
goal was to provide specific tracking on a more manageable number of racks, review rack
violations, vendor responses, and to evaluate resource requirements. The purpose of the pilot was to
determine if reduced time lag between 1st inspection-vendor contact-reinspection would result in
increased program effectiveness. This focused group of racks included all racks on both sides of
Higuera between Osos Street and Broad Street. The pilot was approximately 35 of the 150
newsracks in the Downtown core. Staff provided a specific inspection checklist with photos of rack
clusters for use by the DA for their initial inspection. The DA security staff completed the first
round of inspections. City staff then notified vendors of any problem racks. The City received
responses back from many of the vendors and City staff completed two follow-up inspections of the
racks that were identified as being in violation of the permit. Some racks were ultimately removed,
changed out with newer racks, or received the appropriate maintenance. Overall, the response from
the vendors was productive and the general aesthetic regarding the racks in question was improved.
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It should be noted that even with this improvement, there are still instances of public dissatisfaction
with the appearance of Downtown newsracks.
Another purpose of the pilot program was to determine if an enhanced inspection program could be
implemented with existing staff. While the actual additional staff for a full program has not been
identified, it is staff’s opinion that a higher level of vendor contact, re-inspection, and follow-up
could require additional resources. However, more analysis of actual resources is required and it is
not assumed that additional City staff is the only solution. Staff will review alternatives that include
assistance from other organizations, maximizing existing resources, utilizing a partnership with the
Downtown Association, and other options.
3. Stakeholder Meeting
In March, staff invited the vendors and DA Director to participate in a roundtable discussion
regarding the newsrack program, history, initial inspection program, pilot inspection program, and
upcoming City Council study session. The vendors are still unanimous in their support of
continuing with the current ordinance and permit provisions. They expect that they should be able
to comply with their permit conditions within a reasonable time (10 days) upon notification of any
violations. They also discussed some of their internal policies and procedures regarding rack
maintenance. It was suggested, and the group concurred, that the permit conditions could be
updated to require the vendors to provide contact information to the DA and to the immediately
adjacent businesses for all Downtown rack locations. This would facilitate timely feedback from
those closest to the newsracks, Downtown businesses, with the vendors responsible for their
appearance. The vendors in attendance supported the existing annual permitting and fee
requirements. They also generally supported additional enforcement efforts that might include
administrative citations leading to rack removals for non-responsive vendors. The group was split
on the idea of increasing rack fees to capture an additional per rack fee to cover inspections.
NEXT STEPS
Proposed Staff Actions
1. Update all permits with any revised or new permit condition language, and verify that all
permits are current for fee payment and insurance requirements. Currently the proposed
additional condition language would require each vendor to provide up-to-date contact
information both to the property fronting the newsrack, and to the Executive Director of the
Downtown Association. A significant advantage of this approach is that it provides a more
direct feedback loop and does not require a City staff structure to inspect, notify, and re-
inspect. It provides, instead, the opportunity for the rack vendor to work as a Good
Neighbor, comply with the permit, and meet accepted aesthetic standards.
2. Continue with current inspection and follow-up protocols.
ALTERNATIVES
1. Return to Council with Ordinance changes to include:
a. Specific language regarding aesthetic standards, and
b. Clear authority for Administrative Citations for non-compliance, and
c. Specific (appropriate) citation amounts.
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2. Return to Council with a proposal to align permit fees such that fees are consistent with the
actual number of racks covered by each encroachment permit. Currently the encroachment
permit amount is the same despite the actual number of racks covered under the permit.
Therefore, currently, a vendor with one rack pays the same fee as a vendor with several.
3. Return to Council with detailed information of staff required to implement a more assertive
program and outline the fees required to fund that program.
FISCAL IMPACT
There is no fiscal impact since this is a study session item intended to update Council on newsrack
compliance efforts. We will continue to issue an updated permit annually and collect our minimum
encroachment permit fee.
ATTACHMENTS
1. First Amendment Center – Newsracks & newspaper street sales
2. Sample Encroachment Permit
3. Newsrack Program Statistics from Previous Inspections
4. Higuera Pilot Program Statistics
AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW IN THE COUNCIL OFFICE
San Luis Obispo Tribune v. City of El Paso de Robles California Court of Appeal case
t:\council agenda reports\2014\2014-04-01\status of implementation of existing newsrack regulations (grigsby-dietrick)\council agenda report.docx
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