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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSL-06092loq1-- SCV\Lu,50b; o.· ~ 2S30 H t-t+-lr ,1_, '1 so I I ~vv- JV\ 1_ 1-1 ; j' k ; C. p ; -=r- HIS TO RIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT Railroad Safety Trail Phase III in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE-5016 (037) EA 05-4AI954 Prepared By Randy Baloian, Archaeologist/Historian Applied Earth Works, Inc. 5090 N. Fruit Ave., Suite 101, Fresno, California 93711 Submitted To Daniel Van Beveren, Senior Civil Engineer City of Santa Luis Obispo Department of Public Works 955 Morro Street, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 and Gary Ruggerone, Chief, Environmental Planning Branch California Department of Transportation 50 Higuera Street, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 April 2007 J J HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT California Department of Transportation 1. UNDERTAKING DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION District County Route Kilo Posts Post Miles Charge Unit Expenditure Authorization Local Agency) (Project Prefix) (Project No.) (Agreement) (Location) 5 SLO City of San RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4Al954 Luis Obispo Both kilometer posts and post miles must be completed above. For Local Assistance pro1ects off the highway system, use headers in italics.) Project Description: (Insert project description below; refer reader to location and vicinity maps in HPSR.) The City of San Luis Obispo (City), in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation Caltrans) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), plans to construct a bike path along the Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) in the east part of town (Exhibit A). The project corridor crosses Sections 26 and 35 of Township 30 South, Range 12 East as shown on the San Luis Obispo, California, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute quadrangle (Exhibit B). Pedestrians and bicyclists commonly use the UPRR right-of-way (ROW) as a convenient route through town. Foot and cycle traffic along this corridor not only constitutes trespassing on UPRR property but also creates a safety hazard given the proximity of fast-moving trains. The installation of a paved City path would provide legal and safe access through this heavily used route. The project will involve the construction of a 12-foot-wide paved Class I bike path along the western margin of the ROW currently owned by the UPRR. The trail would extend from the north end of the UPRR station parking lot to Pacific Street, a distance of approximately 2,250 feet (Exhibit C). The proposed path would terminate near the beginning of an existing Class II bicycle system located on Marsh Street. The project additionally involves the construction of two clear span bicycle bridges parallel to the railroad bridges across Johnson A venue and San Luis Obispo Creek, as well as security fencing between the trail and the railroad tracks. Cut-slope grading and placement of retaining walls will be necessary in segments where the ROW slants precipitously downward from the tracks. The City plans to purchase the necessary property from the UPRR. 2. AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS The Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the project was established in consultation with Kelda Wilson, Caltrans Principal Investigator-Prehistoric Archaeologist. Cathy Stettler serves as the Caltrans Environmental Coordinator, and John Smida is the Caltrans Local Assistance Engineer for the project. Project Manager Daniel Van Beveren, Senior Civil Engineer, represents the City of San Luis Obispo. The APE map is provided as Exhibit C of this Historic Property Survey Report. The APE was established as an area large enough to account for direct and indirect effects the project may have on historic properties. The APE dimensions directly correspond to the UPRR ROW between the north end of the station and Pacific Street and measure approximately 2,250 feet long by 100-113 feet wide. The project corridor passes through a residential neighborhood, containing some historical homes. However, none of these buildings face the railroad tracks, and the project would not have any direct or indirect effect on these resourc.es. Thus, only the area within the UPRR ROW is included in the APE; the architectural APE is identical to the archaeological APE. Grading and ground-moving activities may extend as much as 3 feet below the surface. The APE encompasses about 6 acres. For the federal undertaking described in Part 1: To minimize redundancy and paperwork for the California Department of Transportation and the State Historic Preservation Officer, and in the spirit intended under the federal Paperwork Redundancy Act (U.S.C. 44 Chapter 35), this document also satisfies consideration under California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines §15064.5(a) and, as appropriate, Public Resources Code §5024(a), (b), and (d). HPSR form: 01-05) Page 1 I J HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT California Department of Transportation 3. CONSULTING PARTIES/ PUBLIC PARTICIPATION For the lo/lowing, check the appropriate line, list names, dates, and locations and results of contacts, as appropriate. List organizations/persons contacted and attach correspondence and summarize verbal comments received, as appropriate. Local Government (Head of local government, Preservation Office I Planning Department) Daniel Van Beveren, Senior Civil Engineer, City of San Luis Obispo, October-November 2006. Provided information about the specifics of the project Native American Tribes, Groups, and Individuals On 26 October 2006, contact letters were mailed to individuals and organizations identified by the Native American Heritage Commission: Puilulaw Khus; Lei Lynn Odom; Mark Vigil of the San Luis Obispo County Chumash Council; Shirley Macagni and John Burch of the Salinan Tribe of Monterey, San Luis Obispo, and San Benito Counties; Peggy Odom; Mary Trejo; Bonnie Pierce; Matthew Goldman; Mona Tucker; and Fred Collins of the Northern Chumash Tribal Council (see example in Exhibit D). In a letter dated 10 November 2006 letter, Fred Collins, representing the Northern Chumash Tribal Council, cited several reasons why his organization regards the town of San Luis Obispo as a sensitive area for the Chumash people Exhibit D). Native American Heritage Commission In a 25 October 2006 correspondence, the commission indicated that no known Native American cultural resources are located in the immediate project area (Exhibit D). Local Historical Society I Historic Preservation Group (also if applicable, city archives, etc.) Alan Ochs, San Luis Obispo County Historical Society, 8 November 2006. Mr. Ochs assisted in gathering relevant archival materials. On 27 March 2007, letters were sent to Ron Clarke of the San Luis Obispo County Historical Society, Brad LaRose of the San Luis Obispo Railroad Museum, Devin Gallagher of Heritage Shared, and Jeff Hook of the City of San Luis Obispo. The purpose of the letter was to obtain information about the study area and to solicit opinions regarding the historical significance of resources identified by the current study. To follow up, on 4 April 2007, each individual was contacted by telephone or e-mail. Consultation with local historical groups was considered in determining the eligibility of the subject resources (Exhibit D). D Public Information Meetings (list locations, dates below and attach copies of notices) Other Kelda Wilson, Caltrans Principal Investigator-Prehistoric Archaeologist, November 2006. Consulted with Caltrans regarding the APE and evaluation of resources. 4. SUMMARY OF IDENTIFICATION EFFORTS National Register of Historic Places Month & Year: 1979-2002 & supplements California Register of Historical Resources Year: 1992 & supplemental information to date California Inventory of Historic Resources Year: 1976 California Historical Landmarks Y_ear: 1995 & supplemental information to date California Points of Historical Interest Year: 1992 & supplemental information to date State Historic Resources Commission Year: 1980-present, minutes from quarterly meetings HPSR form: 01-05] Page 2 HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT California Department of Transportation Caltrans Historic Highway Bridge Inventory Year: 2003 & supplemental information to date Archaeological Site Records [List names of Institutions & date below] Records search at the Central Coast Information Center of the California Historical Resources Information System located at University of California, Santa Barbara, 26 October 2006. Other sources consulted [e.g., historical societies, city archives, etc. List names and dates below] San Luis Obispo County Recorder, 8 November 2006. Alan Ochs and Ron Clarke, San Luis Obispo County Historical Society, 8 November 2006, 27 March 2007. San Luis Obispo County Library, 8 November 2006. Brad LaRose, San Luis Obispo Railroad Museum, 27 March 2007. Devin Gallagher, Heritage Shared, 27 March 2007. Jeff Hook, City of San Luis Obispo, 27 March 2007. Results: (Provide a brief summary of records search and research results, as well as inventory findings) The records search indicated that the UPRR ROW has not been subject to systematic survey and no previously recorded cultural resources lie within the project corridor. The two railroad bridges within the APE-spanning Johnson A venue and San Luis Obispo Creek-do not appear in the Caltrans bridge inventories nor had they been previously documented as historical structures. Because the APE had not been examined, the Information Center recommended that the project corridor be surveyed for cultural resources. Local repositories and other sources provided text, maps, and photographs specific to the APE and to help establish the historical context for the resource evaluation. Resources within the APE are directly associated with the Southern Pacific Railroad, which constructed the rail line through San Luis Obispo in 1894 and operated it throughout the twentieth century. The inventory recorded three cultural resources within the APE. CA-SL0-2531 (P-40-002531H) is a historical archaeological site containing two concrete foundations of undetermined age. The Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H; P-40-002529) was installed in 1956-1957 during construction of the Johnson Underpass. The Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge is listed as a historical resource by the City. The San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2530H; P- 40-002530) was built in 1901, replacing the original wooden truss structure. Under the advisement of Cal trans, the current study incorporated all three resources into the San Luis Obispo Railroad Historic District. 5. PROPERTIES IDENTIFIED Check the appropriate category, list properties, or refer reader to appropriate technical study attached, according to their National Register status. Provide, as appropriate, complete address, period and level of significance, criteria, map reference, and any existing state or local designation. Do not include properties that are not within the APE. Attach previous SHPO determinations, as applicable. D No cultural resources in project APE. D {Name[, [Indicate whether person is Ca/trans or consultant architectural historian or archaeologist], who meets the Professionally Qualified Staff Standards in Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Section 106 PA) Attachment 1 as a(n) [Indicate applicable PQS level], has determined that the only other properties present within the APE meet the criteria for Section 106 PA Attachment 4 Properties Exempt from Evaluation). HPSR form: 01-05] Page 3 HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT California Department of Transportation D Bridges listed as Category 5 in the Caltrans Historic Highway Bridge Inventory. Appropriate pages from the Caltrans Historic Bridge Inventory are attached. D Properties previously determined not eligible (include date of determination): On behalf of FHWA, Caltrans has determined the following properties are not eligible: Archaeological site CA-SL0-253 lH; OHP Status Code 6Z; Map #1. Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H); OHP Status Code 5Sl; Map #2. D Caltrans, on behalf of FHWA, has determined that the following archaeological sites shall be considered eligible for the National Register without conducting subsurface testing or surface collection within the APE, for which the establishment of an ESA will protect the sites from any potential effects, in accordance with Section 106 PA Stipulation VIII.C. See attached documentation. B Properties previously listed or determined eligible (include date of listing or determination): San Luis Obispo/Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District ( determined eligible May 4, 1994) On behalf of FHWA, Caltrans has determined the following properties are eligible: San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2530H); contributor to the San Luis Obisno/Southem Pacific Railroad Historic District· D State-owned historical buildings and structures to be added to the Master List, per PRC 5024(d): D State-owned buildings and structures that are not eligible for the National Register or as a State Historical Landmark: 6. LIST OF ATTACHED DOCUMENTATION Provide the author/date and peer reviewer/date of the technical report) Project Vicinity, Location, and APE Maps D California Historic Bridge Inventory sheet Historical Resources Evaluation Report (HRER) Wendy Nettles and Randy Baloian, 2007; peer-reviewed by Robert Pavlik, 2007 Archaeological Survey Report (ASR) Randy Baloian, 2006; peer-reviewed by Kelda Wilson, 2007 D Archaeological Evaluation Report (CARIDAP, XPI, PII, PIii) Other (specify below) Native American consultation correspondence Historical consultation correspondence HPSR form: 01-05] Page4 HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT California Department of Transportation 7. FINDINGS-HPSR to File Check all that apply. Do not transmit to SHPO; file copy to CCSO) D No properties requiring evaluation are present within the project's APE. D Properties previously determined not eligible in consultation with the SHPO, or formally determined not eligible by the Keeper of the National Register are present within the project's APE. Copy of SHPO/Keeper correspondence is attached. D Properties previously determined eligible in consultation with the SHPO, or formally determined eligible by the Keeper of the National Register are present within the project's APE, but will not be affected by the undertaking. Copy of SHPO/Keeper correspondence is attached. D Under the authority of FHWA, Caltrans has determined a Finding of No Historic Properties Affected, according to Section 106 PA Stipulation IX.A and 36 CFR 800.4(d)(1 ), is appropriate for this undertaking. 8. FINDINGS -HPSR to SHPO Check all that apply. Transmit to SHPO, copy to FHWA and CCSO) Under the authority of FHWA, Caltrans has determined that there are properties evaluated as a result of the project that are not eligible for inclusion the National Register within the project's APE. Under Section 106 PA Stipulation VIII.C, Caltrans requests SHPO's concurrence in this determination. Under the authority of FHWA, Caltrans has determined that there are properties evaluated as a result of the project that are eligible for inclusion in the National Register within the project's APE. Under Section 106 PA Stipulation VIII.C, Caltrans requests SHPO's concurrence in this determination. Under the authority of FHWA, Caltrans has determined a Finding of No Historic Properties Affected, according to Section 106 PA Stipulation IX.A and 36 CFR 800.4(d)(1 ), is appropriate for this undertaking. With regard to the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge, this determination is supported by the following points: (1) no modifications will be made to the existing railroad bridge; (2) the clearance between the existing bridge and the new bicycle bridge will be 27.6 feet; and (3) the new bridge will be designed for architectural compatibility and will include an interpretive overlook with historical information about the railroad bridge. D Under the authority of FHWA, Caltrans has determined a Finding of No Adverse Effect with Standard Conditions -ESAs, according to Section 106 PA Stipulation X.8(2) and 36 CFR 800.S(b ), is appropriate for this undertaking. (Include description of ESAs and enforcement measures below; attach ESA Action Plan as appropriate.) D Under the authority of FHWA, Caltrans has determined a Finding of No Adverse Effect with Standard Conditions -Rehabilitation, according to Section 106 PA Stipulation X.8(2) and 36 CFR 800.S(b), is appropriate for this undertaking. [Name], who meets the Professionally Qualified Staff Standards in Section 106 PA Attachment 1 as Principal Architectural Historian, and has the appropriate education and experience, has reviewed the rehabilitation documentation and determined that the rehabilitation meets the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. (Include description of rehabilitation below or indicate below the title of the HPSR attachment that contains the description.) HPSR form: 01-05] Page 5 HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT California Department of Transportation Findings for State-Owned Properties D Caltrans has determined that there are state-owned buildings and structures within the project limits that meet National Register and/or the State Historical Landmarks eligibility criteria and requests that SHPO add such resources to the Master List of Historical Resources pursuant to PRC 5024(d). D Caltrans has determined that this project will have no effect/no adverse effect to state-owned archaeological sites, objects, districts, landscapes within the project limits that meet National Register and/or State Historical Landmarks eligibility criteria and is providing notice and summary to SHPO pursuant to PRC §5024(f). (Indicate reference to Standard Conditions -ESA above, or include description of proposed treatments, ESAs, protective covenants, etc., below or indicate below which HPSR attachment contains the description.) D Caltrans has determined that this project will have no effect on state-owned buildings and structures within the project limits that meet National Register and/or State Historical Landmarks eligibility criteria and is providing notice and summary to SHPO pursuant to PRC §5024(f). D Caltrans has determined that this project will have no adverse effect on state-owned buildings and structures within the project limits that meet National Register and/or State Historical Landmarks eligibility criteria. [Name of Ca/trans PQSJ, [applicable PQS discipline/level] has reviewed the documentation and determined that it meets the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. Caltrans is providing notice and summary to SHPO pursuant to PRC §5024.5. (Indicate reference to Standard Conditions -Rehabilitation above, or include description of proposed repairs, rehabilitation, ESAs, protective covenants, etc., below or indicate below, which HPSR attachment contains the description.) D Caltrans has determined that this project will have an adverse effect to state-owned archaeological sites, objects, districts, landscapes within the project limits that meet National Register and/or State Historical Landmarks eligibility criteria and is providing notice and summary to SHPO pursuant to PRC §5024(f). (Include below a description of alternatives considered and proposed mitigation measures, or indicate below which HPSR attachment contains the description.) D Caltrans has determined that this project will have an adverse effect on state-owned buildings and structures within the project limits that meet National Register and/or State Historical Landmarks eligibility criteria. Caltrans is providing notice and summary to SHPO pursuant to PRC 5024.5. (Include below a description of alternatives considered and proposed mitigation measures, or indicate below which HPSR attachment contains the description.) D For state-owned qualified historical buildings and properties within the project limits, Caltrans has applied the California Historical Building Code (CHBC) to relevant sections of the current code(s) and/or standards and, if applicable, has consulted with the State Historical Building Safety Board (SHBSB) through its Executive Director pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 18961 and its implementing regulations at California Code of Regulations Title 24 Part 8 Section 8-103.2. Indicate below whether use of current code(s) and standards adversely affected character-defining features of the property and describe the alternative solutions under the CHBC, or indicate below which HPSR attachment contains the description. If applicable, attach copies of correspondence with the SHBSB or its Executive Director.] HPSR form: 01-05] Page 6 u r l ..... , HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT California Department of Transportation 9. HPSR PREPARATION AND DEPARTMENT APPROVAL Prepared by: (sign on line) District Caltrans PQS/Generalist: Prepared by: (sign on line) Consultant/ discipline: Affiliation: Reviewed for approval by: (sign on line) District 5 Caltrans PQS discipline/level Approved by (sign on line): District 5 EBC HPSR form: 01-05) PQS level and discipline] A. Arch~eologis · storian Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, California Kelda Wilson Gary Ruggerone Environmental Branch Chief Date 4-10-07 Date L/·)1-0--:f- Date Date Page 7 Pacific Ocean l HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT Point Conception t-- 1 I r" I R~I : iSanta I Barbara \ Santa Barbara Channel tN 0 5 10 20 Miles 05-SLO-O -SLO RPSTPLE 501 6 (037 ) EA 05-4A1 954 Exhibit A Project Vicinity 30 Railroad Safety Trail in San Luis Obispo, California l C l L u HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT l .... r ·,. 1· ~ •.. ··--~ .. ~, I I Water .-, , I Tan.._ i:. : 1 an R~d>o rower KVEC ) i'\ H · ,_..\ .. 1i ~ '{ 1,, Confidentia l: Not for Public Di stributio n 0 U.S.G.S. 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle San Luis Obispo, CA T 30 S -R 12 E 1965, Photorevised 1979 tN Miles Contour Interval : 40 Feet Water Tank P rospect· I • .. 2'5 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4A1954 Exhibit B Project Location Railroad Safety Trail in San Luis Obispo, California C lJ n C C The APE was es tab li shed as an a rea large enough to acco unt fo r direct and indirec t effects th e project may have on potent ial hi storic properties. The APE boundaries directly correspond to th e UPRR ROW be tween the nort h end of th e stat ion and Paci fi c Street and measure approx im ately 2 ,250 feet (l ong) by I00-11 3 fee t wide. The project corridor passes through a res id e ntial neighborhood , co ntaining some historical homes. However, none of th ese buildings face th e railroad tracks , and the project wo uld not have any direct or indirect effec t on these potentially hi storic reso urces. Thus , these res id enti al structures are no t included in th e APE; the architectural APE is identical to the arc haeological APE. Grading and gro und moving ac tiviti es may ex te nd as mu ch as 3 feet below the s urface. The APE encompasses about 6 acres. A HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT 0 100 200 Feet f • ~ .o~ DATE fi ·o7- oATE LEGEND Railroad Safety Trail Area of Potential Effects I 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4A 1954 Exhibit C Area of Potential Effects Railroad Safety Trail in San Luis Obispo, California EXHIBITD Consultation with Native Americans and Local Historical Societies/Organizations 10/25/2006 16:42 FAX 916 657 5390 STAIE OF CAUFORNTA NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION 91 S CAPITOL MALL., ROOM 364 SA~O. CA 91814 916) 653-4082 Fax (916) 657-5390 Applied Earth Works, Inc. Sent by Fax: 559-229-2019 Number of Pages: 6 NARC October 25, 2006 RE: Request for Search Of Sa;cred Lands Inventory File and Contact List To WhOm This May Concern : 001/006 A record search of the sacred lands file has failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources in the Immediate project area. The absence of specific site information in the sacred lands file does not indicate the absence of cultural resour.ces In any project area. Other sources of cultural resources should also be contacted for information regarding known and recorded sites. Enclosed is a list of Native Americans individuals/organizations who may have knowledge of cultural resources in the project area. The Commission makes no recommendation or preference of a single individual, or group over another. This list should provide a starting place in locating areas of potential adverse impact within the proposed project area I suggest you contact all of those indicated, if they cannot supply information, they might recommend others with specific knowledge. If a response has not been received within two weeks of notification, the Commission requests that you follow-up with a telephone call to ensure that the project information has been received. If you receive notification of change Of addresses and phone numbers from any of these individuals or groups, please notify me. With your assistance we are. able to assure that our lists contain· current information. If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact me at (916) 653-4040. Sincerely, Rob Wood Environmental Specialist Ill Mona Olivas Tucker October 26 , 2006 RE : Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Ms . Tucker : 5090 North Frui t Avenue Sui te 101 Fresno. CA 93711-3064 559) 229-1856 FAX (559) 229-2019 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County . The City of San Luis Obispo , in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S , R12E , Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo , Ca 7 .5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric , mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area . Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention . Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856 , ext 23). Thank you . Sincerely, bl~ Project Administrator Encl. Northern Chumash Tribal Council Randy Baloian Project Administrator Applied EarthWorks 5090 North Fruit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711-3064 1177 Marsh Street, Suite 110 San Luis Obispo, California 93401 805-783-2247 November 10, 2006 Re: Bike Trail in City of San Luis Obispo .25 mile stretch paralleling the UPR Dear Randy; The project referenced above falls within the sphere of influence of three entities of concern. The first issues of concern is the San Luis Obispo Creek area, Elders of our council were born in this very area. Second concern is the Dallidet adobe, Chumash worked to build this adobe so the possibilities of human remains in the area are high. Third concern is the Sphere of influence of the Mission; the Chumash lives were closely interwoven to this area. · It is recommended that all Chumash artifact found be documented and reburied at the same location or as close as possible. It is recommended that any human remain unearthed be reburied in the same location at a depth as to not be disturbed in the future. Thank you for the opportunity to comment on this project we look forward to discussing any issues with you in person. Fred Collins Northern Chumash Tribal Council Please send donations made payable to: Northern Chwnash Tribal Council, Inc., A Non-Profit Corporation Visit our Website at: ht!p://norrhcmchuma$h.org/ Applied Earth Works March 27, 2007 San Luis Obispo County Historical Society P.O. Box 1397 San Luis Obispo, CA 93406 -1391 Attn.: Ron Clarke and Alan Ochs 5090 North Fr uit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno , CA 937 11-3064 559 ) 229-1856 FAX (559) 229 -2019 RE: Cultural Resources Investigation along the Southern Pacific Railroad in San Luis Obispo Dear Ron and Alan: Applied EarthWorks , Inc. (JE) is providing services to the City of San Luis Obispo (City) for its proposed Railroad Safety Trail along the Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) in the east part of town. The City proposed to construct a 2 ,250 foot bike path from the UPPR station parking lot to Pacific Street (see attached map). Our survey and research of the project area revealed three cultural resources: the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H), the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2530H), and historical archaeological site CA-SL0-253 lH. Built in 1901 , the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge replaced an earlier wooden structure that carried the first train across the creek in 1894 when the Southern Pacific Railroad arrived in San Luis Obispo. Moreover, the current bridge was probably constructed after March 1901 when the "gap" between San Francisco and Los Angeles was finally closed. The Johnson Street Bridge was built in 1957 as part of a City project to widen the Johnson Avenue underpass . Site CA-SL0-253 lH consists of concrete foundations associated with the offices of the foreman , roadmaster, and engineer. All of these resources are associated with the City's Railroad District Plan . We would appreciate any information you have regarding the resources of about the project vicinity in general. Specifically, we are interested whether the bridges and archaeological site possess any important historical associations (i .e., whether they are related to a significant event or person). If you would like to contact us, please phone me (559 -229-1856, ext 23) or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our Historic Properties Survey Report. Thank you . Sincerely, Randy Baloian Historian CITY OF SAN LUIS OBISPO RAILROAD SAFETY TRAIL CONSULTATION WITH LOCAL HISTORICAL SOCIETIES/ORGANIZATIONS 27 March 2007 4 April 2007 4 April 2007 4 April 2007 6 April 2007 l.E distributed letters soliciting information about the project area to Ron Clarke and Alan Ochs of the San Luis Obispo County Historical Society; Devin Gallagher of Heritage Shared; Brad LaRose of the San Luis Obispo Railroad Museum; and Jeff Hook of the City of San Luis Obispo Community Development Department. l.E spoke with Ron Clarke of the San Luis Obispo County Historical Society, who stated that someone from the society would look into the matter. The organization was provided with a draft copy of the Historical Resources Evaluation Report. The society has not responded as yet. l.E spoke with Brad LaRose of the San Luis Obispo Railroad Museum. Mr. LaRose commented that the project area in general is probably not archaeologically sensitive and that aside from its age, the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge does not bear any special significance . l.E followed-up its initial correspondence with another e-mail to Devin Gallagher. To date, Heritage Shared has not commented on t.11e resources within the project area. In an e-mail response, Jeff Hook stated that he agrees with the approach of expanding the San Luis Obispo Railroad Historic District to include the three resources and concurs that the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge is a contributing element. Archaeological Survey Report for the Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE-5016 (037) EA 05-4A1954 Prepared By Randy Baloian, M.A., Archaeologist/Historian Applied Earth Works, Inc. 5090 N. Fruit Avenue, Suite 101, Fresno, California 93711 Submitted To Daniel Van Beveren, Senior Civil Engineer City of Santa Luis Obispo Department of Public Works 955 Morro Street, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 and Gary Ruggerone, Chief, Environmental Planning Branch California Department of Transportation 50 Higuera Street, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 USGS San Luis Obispo 7.5-min. quad. 6.5 acres CA-SL0-2531 H (P-40-002531) April 2007 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The City of San Luis Obispo, in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation Caltrans), plans to construct a bike path along the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The current investigation surveyed a 2,500-foot corridor to determine whether archaeological resources occur in the study area. The study also included a records search as well as Native American consultation. The investigation revealed one historical archaeological site containing two concrete building foundations (CA-SL0-253 lH). In addition, two historical railroad bridges were encountered within the study area (CA-SL0-2529H and -2530H). If cultural materials are unearthed during construction, it is Caltrans' policy that work be halted in that area until a qualified archaeologist can assess the significance of the find. Additional archaeological survey will be needed if project limits are extended beyond the present survey limits. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo iii ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo iv ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. l 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION .............................................................. 1 3 SOURCES CONSULTED ................................................................................................. 2 3.1 RECORDS SEARCH .............................................................................................. 2 3.2 NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION ............................................................ 2 3.3 OTHER SOURCES ................................................................................................. 3 4 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................ 3 4.1 ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................... 3 4.2 ETHNOGRAPHY .................................................................................................... 4 4.3 PREHISTORY ......................................................................................................... 4 4.4 HISTORY ................................................................................................................ 5 5 FIELD METHODS ............................................................................................................ 7 6 STUDY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS ................................................................... 7 7 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 8 8 MAPS ................................................................................................................................ 10 MAP 1 STUDY VICINITY ............................................................................................. 11 MAP 2 STUDY LOCATION ........................................................................................... 12 MAP 3 SURVEY COVERAGE ....................................................................................... 13 APPENDICES A Records Search Results B Native American Consultation C California DPR 523 Forms Documenting Archaeological Resources Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo V ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo vi D ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT 1 INTRODUCTION The City of San Luis Obispo (City), in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), plans to construct a bike path along the Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) in the east part of town (Map 1, Map 2). Because the project will use federal funds, it is considered an undertaking (per 36 CFR 800.16[y]) subject to the authority of federal historic preservation law. The FHWA requires that project proponents assist in meeting its obligations under the National Historic Preservation Act NHPA) of 1966, as amended, to consider project effects on historic properties. In addition, the project corridor passes over San Luis Obispo Creek, considered a sensitive area according to the City's Archaeological Resource Preservation Guidelines (City of San Luis Obispo [City] 1995). The purpose of the current investigation is to conduct an archaeological survey to identify cultural resources within the study area (Map 3). The City retained Applied EarthWorks, Inc. JE) to conduct this study. }E archaeologist/historian Randy Baloian surveyed the study area on 8 November 2006. He received a Master of Arts degree in Anthropology from the University of California, Davis, and has more than five years experience in California archaeology and history. 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION Pedestrians and bicyclists commonly use the UPRR right-of-way (ROW) as a convenient route through town. Foot and cycle traffic along this corridor not only constitutes trespassing on UPRR property but creates a safety hazard given the proximity of fast-moving trains. The installation of a paved City path would provide a legal and safe access through this heavily used route. The project will involve the construction of a 12-foot-wide paved Class I bike path along the western margin of the ROW currently owned by the UPRR. The trail would extend from the north end of the UPRR station parking lot to Pacific Street, a distance of approximately 2,250 feet. The proposed path would end near the access of an existing Class II bicycle route on Marsh Street. The project additionally involves the construction of two clear span bicycle bridges parallel to the railroad bridges across Johnson Avenue and San Luis Obispo Creek as well as security fencing between the trail and the railroad tracks. Cut-slope grading and placement of retaining walls will be necessary in segments where the ROW slants precipitously downward from the tracks. The City plans to purchase the necessary property from the UPRR. The project corridor crosses Sections 26 and 35 of Township 30 South, Range 12 East as shown on the San Luis Obispo, California, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute quadrangle Map 2). The study area for the archaeological survey encompasses the UPRR ROW, which measures 100-113 feet wide, between the north end of the UPRR station parking lot and Marsh Street (approximately 2,500 feet) (Map 3). The study area for the archaeological survey, which is slightly larger than the project's Area of Potential Effects, totals about 6.5 acres. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT 3 SOURCES CONSULTED 3.1 RECORDS SEARCH On 26 October 2006, the Central Coast Information Center of the California Historical Resources Information System housed at the University of California, Santa Barbara, conducted a records search of known archaeological and historical sites as well as previous cultural resources surveys within a 0.25-mile radius of the project corridor. In addition to its maps and site record files, the Information Center's search included the State Historic Property Data Files, National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Determined Eligible Properties, California Historical Landmarks, California Points of Historic Interest, California Office of Historic Preservation Archaeological Determinations of Eligibility, and the Caltrans State and Local Bridge Surveys. The results of the records search indicate that the UPRR ROW has not been subject to systematic survey and no known cultural resources lie within the project corridor (Appendix A). The two railroad bridges within the study area-spanning Johnson Avenue and San Luis Obispo Creek- do not appear in the Caltrans bridge inventories nor have they been formally documented as historical structures. Within the 0.25-mile radius, however, the Information Center identified 57 recorded resources including CA-SL0-1802, the remains of the La Loma Adobe (Parker 1996). The remaining resources are historical residences recorded during the City's historic building inventory (City 1983). Because the area has not been examined, the Information Center recommended that the project corridor be surveyed for cultural resources. 3.2 NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION E contacted the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) on 23 October 2006 to request a review of the sacred lands file and contact information for Native American representatives in the project vicinity. In its 25 October response, the NAHC indicated that no known Native American cultural resources lie within the immediate project area (Appendix B). The NAHC also provided contact information of individuals who may have knowledge about or interest in the project area. On 26 October 2006, }Emailed letters to Puilulaw Khus; Lei Lynn Odom; Mark Vigil of the San Luis Obispo County Chumash Council; Shirley Macagni and John Burch of the Salinan Tribe of Monterey, San Luis Obispo, and San Benito Counties; Peggy Odom; Mary Trejo; Bonnie Pierce; Matthew Goldman; Mona Tucker; and Fred Collins of the Northern Chumash Tribal Council. In his 10 November 2006 response, Fred Collins stated that the project falls within the sphere of influence of three entities of concern. First, the elders of the Northern Chumash Tribal Council were born in the San Luis Obispo area. Second, the proximity of the Dallidet Adobe (less than 0.25 mile from the project corridor) increases the possibility of encountering human remains. Lastly, mission period materials found throughout the city are often associated with the local Chumash culture. Collins recommended that any Chumash artifacts be documented and reburied at the same location and that human remains be reinterred at a sufficient depth to prevent disturbance in the future. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 2 n n D D D D D D D D C D D D D D D D D D J ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT 3.3 OTHER SOURCES In addition to the records search and Native American consultation, Baloian gathered supplemental documents from the San Luis Obispo County Historical Society, the Main Branch of the San Luis Obispo City-County Library, and the San Luis Obispo County Recorder's Office. In 1994, Caltrans evaluated the San Luis Obispo train station and found that based on its association with the Southern Pacific Railroad, the complex is eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) as a historic railroad district; the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) concurred with this determination (Pavlik 1994). The San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad District contains existing and nonextant structures, including : the mission-style depot built in 1943; the water tower built in 1940; an office building dating to the 19 lOs; a warehouse built in 1894 as part of the original terminal; and a brick roundhouse, which has since been removed . Although the original boundaries of this district did not overlap the current study area , Caltrans (Wilson 2007) advised that the district be expanded to include most of the project area and the resources identified in the current study. Unrelated to the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad District, the City adopted the Railroad Dis trict Plan in 1998 to promote development around the train depot and to preserve the historic character of the surrounding area. The plan lists 21 historical structures and sites, including the existing Johnson Avenue Bridge and the nonextant Fairview Street Bridge (City 1998). Both structures lie within the study area . The boundaries of the City's district are much larger than the NRHP historic district and extend into the adjacent residential neighborhoods. 4 BACKGROUND 4.1 ENVIRONMENT The project corridor passes predominantly through urban neighborhoods, but the area immediately around San Luis Obispo Creek as well as the natural state of the study vicinity is characteristic of a typical riparian environment. The creek is the primary drainage for the area and once supported a seasonal run of steelhead and coho salmon, which was an important protein source for native inhabitants . Tule elk, pronghorn, and grizzly bears are no longer present, but smaller mammals (e .g., badger, gray squirrel, rabbits) and numerous species of bird are still attracted to the creek. Oaks , willows , sycamore , sage , and a variety of grasses still grow throughout the area . Native inhabitants additionally had at their disposal an array of stone materials that were adapted for use according to the physical characteristics of each rock type. Chert occurs throughout the Central Coast, and its hardness and workability made it the region's predominant toolstone for fashioning projectile points , scrapers , blades , bifaces, and other implements. Dacite-a coarse rock also found throughout the region-was well suited for the manufacture of ground stone products like manos , metates, mortars, and pestles. Due to their relative softness and ability to retain heat, serpentine and soapstone were shaped into ornamental goods , and cooking vessels. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT 4.2 ETHNOGRAPHY San Luis Obispo is within the area historically occupied by the Obispefio Chumash, the northernmost of the Chumash people of California (Gibson 1991; Greenwood 1978; Kroeber 1976). The Obispefio occupied land from the Pacific coast east to the Coast Ranges and from the Santa Maria River north to approximately Point Estero. Chumash and Obispefio material culture, social organization, traditions and rituals, and cosmology have been described by many scholars including Blackbum (1975), Grant (1993), Greenwood (1978), Hudson and Blackburn (1982- 1987), Hudson and Underhay (1978), Hudson et al. (1978), Johnson (1988), King (1990), and Woodman et al. (1991). Various lines of historical and archaeological evidence indicate that the general population density in the northern Chumash region was far less at the time of contact than in earlier prehistoric times, and the neophyte population at Mission San Luis Obispo was never as high as at the more southerly missions at Santa Barbara, Lompoc, and Santa Ynez (Greenwood 1978). The Indian neophyte population at Mission San Luis Obispo reached its peak of 919 in 1803, as most of the Obispefio abandoned their native villages and moved into the mission or its outposts. By the time of secularization in 1834, missionization, disease, and destruction of the native subsistence base had forced the Chumash to give up most of their traditional lifeways. Only 170 Chumash remained at the mission in 1838. 4.3 PREHISTORY Archaeological evidence suggests that Native American use of the Central Coast region may have begun during the late Pleistocene, as early as 9000 B.C. Evidence from this early period is limited to a single fluted projectile point fragment discovered near Santa Margarita (Gibson 1995). More conclusive evidence of human occupation has been found at a few coastal sites dating to the early Holocene, prior to 6500 B.C. The paucity of sites and materials from this time, termed the Paleocoastal Period by Moratto (1984), suggests that population density was low and settlements were impermanent. People used relatively simple technology to procure plant foods, shellfish, and a limited array of vertebrate species (Breschini and Haversat 1982; Carter 1941; Greenwood 1972; Jones and Waugh 1995; Jones et al. 1994; King 1990). Well-developed shell middens, numerous milling implements, and fishing tools provide the evidence for more intensive and settled human occupation after 6500 B.C. The period is best defined by the predominance of hands tones and milling slabs, indicating a reliance on hard seeds and other plant foods; flaked stone tools include leaf-shaped bifaces, oval bifacial knives, choppers, and scrapers. Hammerstones, fishing equipment (grooved net sinkers and bipointed gorges), and Olive/la beads round out the artifact assemblage. Cultural changes after 3500 B.C. are thought to be a response to environmental shifts, rising sea levels, and an increase in population. Diagnostic artifacts of this period include large side- notched, square-stem, and contracting-stem projectile points as well as Olive/la beads. Although milling slabs and handstones continued as the primary plant processing tools, mortars and pestles were added to the artifact inventory, probably indicating systematic use of acorns (Glassow 1996; Glassow and Wilcoxon 1988). Trade and exchange also increased in importance, as evidenced by exotic shell beads and obsidian materials in midden deposits (Jones et al. 1994). Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 4 L r n L D 0 D D ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT Prehistoric technology and economy became markedly more complex after 600 B.C. The artifact assemblage contains shell fishhooks and other fishing gear, saucer-type Olivella beads, and contracting-stem projectile points. The use of handstones and milling slabs continued during this period, but pestles and mortars occur in greater proportions (Jones and Waugh 1995: 121). After A.D. 500 the tomol, or plank canoe, was developed on the coast (King 1990), and the bow and arrow were adopted in the interior. Subsistence practices emphasized fish and acorns, with greater use of seasonal resources and the first attempts at food storage (Glassow 1996; Glassow and Wilcoxon 1988; King 1990). Continuation of trade relationships is evident in the increased number and diversity of obsidian items and beads. The period after A .D. 1000 was a time of emergent political complexity, development of social ranking, and the rapid development of craft specialization along the Santa Barbara Channel. Similar evidence is lacking, however, in San Luis Obispo County. In this area, settlement appears to have shifted away from the coast, perhaps reflecting adaptations to warmer temperatures and changes in available resources (Jones et al. 1994). Artifact assemblages contain a mixture of earlier artifact types such as stemmed projectile points , milling slabs, handstones, bowl mortars, and Olivella beads. Moreover, the absence of imported obsidian after A.D. 1000 suggests a change in trade relationships that is likely associated with the shift in settlement patterns (Jones et al. 1994). Native populations in San Luis Obispo County may have decreased during this time as villages became temporary hunting camps and native inhabitants increasingly relied on terrestrial mammals for subsistence. 4.4 HISTORY Euro-American settlement in the area began with the establishment of Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa in 1772. This site was selected for its level lands and "two little arroyos which contained water with sufficient lands that with little trouble ... could be irrigated from them" Palau 1926). Father Joseph Caveller quickly constructed a small wooden chapel that also served as a shelter. In 1774, a more permanent church with adobe foundations and a superstructure of shaved limbs and tules was erected. In 1776, a fire destroyed most of this structure as well as many supplies. Two more fires in 1776 and 1781 caused similar destruction. Despite these setbacks, the mission had recorded 877 baptisms and had regular surpluses of crops and livestock by 1788, when construction of the current mission began. The friars tended a vineyard and orchard, located southeast and northwest of the mission, respectively. In the 1790s, an auxiliary rancho with more than 17,000 acres of prime farm land was established at Santa Margarita Krieger 1988). California became a Mexican territory in 1822, and beginning in the mid-1830s, secularization redistributed the mission estates to private individuals in the form of land grants. San Luis Obispo County was officially established at the time of California statehood in 1850. That same year, William R. Hutton was authorized by the Court of Sessions to survey and lay out the town of San Luis Obispo. The main street, Monterey Street, was to be 20 yards wide and all other streets were to be 15 yards wide. This grid was laid out without respect to most standing structures, many of which were adobe residences or decaying mission outbuildings. The new street grid often left these older structures at odd angles to the grid, or worse, in the right-of-way of the surveyed streets. However, many of the streets were not opened until decades after the initial survey, so several mission and Mexican period structures remained until the 1870s. Many Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 5 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT settlers in the town boundaries had occupied or owned their lands since before the founding of the county, but there was no legal documentation of title. In March of 1868, an act to settle the title of lands in San Luis Obispo was passed by the California Legislature, and residents began submitting land requests. In 1876, the city was incorporated . As with any region, urban growth in San Luis Obispo County was intimately intertwined with the development of its transportation network. In 1870 the first county road connected San Luis Obispo and San Simeon, and a road over Cuesta Pass was constructed by 1877 (Krieger 1988:75-76). In terms of shipping, however, the most important node in the county was Port Harford (later called Port San Luis), and for many years the large-scale import and export of goods was handled through San Luis Obispo Bay. The bay offered a deep harbor where large steamers could unload passengers and freight, and the high promontory of Point San Luis shielded the port from storms, particularly in the cove just northwest of the point where John Harford built his 540-foot pier in 1873 (Best 1992: 11-13). In 1875-1876, a group of San Francisco investors, later organized as the Pacific Coast Steamship Company, purchased Harford's Wharf and constructed a short railroad line beginning at San Luis Obispo Bay and terminating in the southwest part of town (Krieger 1988:57). The railroad was extended to Los Alamos by 1883 and eventually to the Santa Ynez Valley in 1887. The steamship and railroad concern facilitated travel and stimulated the economy within the region by means of the Pacific Coast Railway (PCR), but a large part of the Central Coast was still relatively isolated from the rest of the state up to early 1890s. Much of that changed when the Southern Pacific Railroad (SPR) rolled into San Luis Obispo in 1894. With the arrival of the SPR, the PCR now faced competition from the unquestioned leader of the rail industry. By 1901-when the SPR reached Santa Barbara, thereby establishing a continuous line between San Francisco and Los Angeles-passenger traffic out of Port Harford had all but evaporated (Best 1992:51 ). In terms of freight business and intra-regional passenger travel, however, the SPR and the PCR not only coexisted for many years but formed an amicable relationship. The two railroads coordinated their time tables to facilitate inter-rail transfers, and a spur line was built along South Street between the PCR and SPR depots. The SPR located its station on the eastern margins of town, just down the tracks from the Hotel Ramona. Built in 1888, the hotel boasted over 100 rooms and hosted numerous community events until 1905 when the building was destroyed by fire (Krieger 1988). The horse-drawn San Luis Street Railway, which operated from 1887 to 1905, linked the two rail terminals with the downtown area and the Hotel Ramona. With the advent of the automobile age and the construction of U.S. Highway 101 through town, San Luis Obispo became a favorite overnight stop for motorists traveling between the San Francisco Bay area and southern California. Motels and car-related businesses (e.g., gas stations , repair shops) sprang up at both ends of the town. The city's population swelled to 8,500 in 1926, and in the following year the National Guard founded Camp San Luis on 2 ,000 acres. This was converted to a U.S . Army infantry and artillery training camp between 1940 and 1941 . Perhaps the most visible growth occurred toward the end of World War II, when military installations established in response to the war artificially inflated the local economy. By 1944, the population had reached 16,000 people. Many of those Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 6 LJ D ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT soldiers returned permanently to San Luis Obispo after the war (Krieger 1988: 102-104 ), and the city's growing population pushed out beyond the borders of town. 5 FIELD METHODS The project corridor was surveyed on 8 November 2006 by lE archaeologist/historian Randy Baloian and architectural historian Wendy Nettles. One 15-meter-wide transect on each side of the railroad tracks was sufficient to cover the study area. Sensitive areas-particularly the banks of San Luis Obispo Creek-were intensively examined for bedrock milling features, historical trash deposits, or other archaeological remains. The area around the tracks is exposed and offers excellent ground visibility (90-100 percent), although it appears that the ROW contains mostly imported fill. Heavy vegetation along the creek limited visibility to 50 percent. Mounds adjacent to the ROW and the creek bank allowed limited subsurface examination. lE personnel received written consent from the UPRR before entering the railroad ROW. 6 STUDY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The survey encountered one archaeological resource. CA-SL0-253 lH (P-40-002531) is a historical site containing one complete concrete foundation (Feature 1) and one partially intact concrete foundation (Feature 2). The remains lie about 30 feet from the tracks on the west side of the UPRR ROW, about 1,000 feet north of the depot and just before the railroad converges into one track. Feature 1 is a 20 by 16 foot concrete foundation with 6-inch-thick walls. The concrete slab floor of the structure is still intact. A 6-foot section of foundation extends from the northwest corner of the foundation. Feature 2 is the scant remnant of a similarly built foundation; two 5-foot-long, 6-inch-thick walls come together to form the northeast corner of the structure. The site encompasses approximately 600 square meters. Discarded railroad ties and other railroad parts, which likely date to the modern period, are sparsely littered throughout the site; no diagnostic artifacts were found. The proposed bike path will pass through the site. The survey did not encounter any structural remains in the location formerly occupied by the Fairview Street Bridge. Along with CA-SL0-253 lH, the survey noted two historical bridges-the Johnson A venue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H; P-40-002529) and the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2530H; P-40-002530). Under the advisement of Caltrans, all three historical resources are fully documented and evaluated for NRHP eligibility in the accompanying Historical Resources Evaluation Report (Nettles and Baloian 2006). If cultural materials are unearthed during construction, it is Caltrans' policy that work be halted in that area until a qualified archaeologist can assess the significance of the find. Additional archaeological survey will be needed if project limits are extended beyond the present survey limits. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 7 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT 7 REFERENCES Best, Gerald M. 1992 The Pacific Coast Company. Signature Press, Wilton, California. Blackburn, Thomas C. 1975 December's Child: A Book of Chumash Oral Narratives. University of California Press, Berkeley. Breschini, Gary S., and Trudy Haversat 1982 California Radiocarbon Dates. Coyote Press, Salinas, California. Carter, George C. 1941 Archaeological Notes on a Midden at Point Sal. American Antiquity 6:214-226. City of San Luis Obispo (City) 1983 Completion Report: Historic Resources Survey. 3 vols. Department of Community Development, San Luis Obispo, California. 1995 Archaeological Resource Preservation Guidelines. Community Development Department, San Luis Obispo, California. 1998 Railroad District Plan. Community Development Department, San Luis Obispo, California. Gibson, Robert 0. 1991 The Chumash. Chelsea House, New York and Philadelphia. 1995 Brief Notices. The Artifact 30:9-10. San Luis Obispo County Archaeological Society, San Luis Obispo, California. Glassow, Michael 1996 Purisimefio Chumash Prehistory: Maritime Adaptations along the Southern California Coast. Harcourt Brace College Publishers, San Diego, California. Glassow, Michael A., and Larry R. Wilcoxon 1988 Coastal Adaptations near Point Conception, California, with Particular Regard to Shellfish Exploitation. American Antiquity 53:36-51. Grant, Campbell 1993 The Rock Paintings of the Chumash. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History and EZ Nature Books, San Luis Obispo, California. Originally published 1965, University of California Press. Greenwood, Roberta S. 1972 9000 Years ofPrehistory at Diab/a Canyon, San Luis Obispo County, California. San Luis Obispo County Archaeological Society Occasional Paper No. 7. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 8 C D n n D C D I J J i J I 0 D D ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT 1978 Obispefio and Purisimefio Chumash. In California, edited by Robert F. Heizer, pp . 520-523. Handbook of North American Indians, vol. 8 , William C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Hudson, Travis, and Thomas C . Blackburn 1982-The Material Culture ofthe Chumash Interaction Sphere. 5 vols. Ballena Press, 1987 Los Altos/Menlo Park, California, and Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California. Hudson, Travis, Janice Timbrook, and Melissa Rempe (editors) 1978 Torno!: Chumash Watercraft as Described in the Ethnographic Notes ofJohn P. Harrington. Ballena Press Anthropological Papers No. 9. Los Altos, California. Hudson, Travis, and Ernest Underhay 1978 Crystals in the Sky: An Intellectual Odyssey Involving Chumash Astronomy, Cosmology, and Rock Art. Ballena Press Anthropological Papers 10. Socorro, New Mexico. Johnson, John R. 1988 Chumash Social Organization : An Ethnohistoric Perspective. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara . Jones, Terry L., M. Kathleen Davis, Glenn Farris, Steven D. Grantham, Teresa W. Fung, and Betty Rivers 1994 Towards a Prehistory of Morro Bay: Phase II Archaeological Investigations for the Highway 41 Widening Project, San Luis Obispo County, California. Submitted to the California Department of Transportation, Environmental Branch, San Luis Obispo, California. Jones, Terry L., and Georgie Waugh 1995 Central California Coastal Prehistory : A View from Little Pico Creek. In Perspectives in California Archaeology, vol. 3, edited by Jeanne Arnold. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles, California . King, Chester D. 1990 Evolution of Chumash Society: A Comparative Study ofArtifacts Used for Social System Maintenance in the Santa Barbara Channel Region before A.D. 1804. Garland, New York. Krieger, Daniel E. 1988 Looking Backward into the Middle Kingdom : San Luis Obispo County. Windsor Publications, Northridge, California. Kroeber, Alfred L. 1976 Handbook ofthe Indians of California. Reprinted. Dover Publications, New York. Originally published 1925, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C . Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 9 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT Moratto , Michael J. 1984 California Archaeology. Academic Press , New York and London . Nettles , Wendy M., and Randy Baloian 2006 Historical Resources Evaluation Report for the Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California . Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, California. Submitted to the City of San Luis Obispo Public Works Department and California Department of Transportation, San Luis Obispo. Pal6u, Francisco 1926 Historical Memoirs ofNew California by Fray Francisco Pal6u, O.F.M Translated and edited from the archives of New Mexico by Herbert Eugene Bolton. Atheneum House, Boston. Parker, John 1996 Site Record for CA-SL0-1802. On file , California Historical Resources Information System Central Coast Information Center, University of California, Santa Barbara. Pavlik, Robert C . 1994 Historic Architectural Survey Report, San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. California Department of Transportation, District 5, San Luis Obispo. Wilson, Kelda 2007 Section 106 Update, Railroad Safety Trail Phase III. Memorandum to Cathy Stettler, Associate Environmental Planner. California Department of Transportation, District 5, San Luis Obispo. Woodman, Craig F., James L. Rudolph, and Teresa P. Rudolph 8 1991 Western Chumash Prehistory: Resource Use and Settlement in the Santa Ynez River Valley. Science Applications International Corporation, Santa Barbara, California. Prepared for the Unocal Corporation. Submitted to U .S. Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District. MAPS The following maps show the study vicinity (Map 1 ), study location (Map 2), and survey coverage (Map 3). Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 10 n l, D lJ l D D 0 D D D D D D D D D D D D D D ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT Pacific Ocean ·.\1 l, I I r-I A~! l ----··, Santa I Barbara t Santa Barbara Channel MAP 1 STUDY VICINITY Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo tN 0 5 10 20 Miles 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4A1954 30 11 etro , Radio Tower l<II EC) an Luis 01:>ispo ,, i ~ I 1 l 1 I f : .... I j?.4 wate,. Tani,. •. Confidential: Not for Public Distribution U.S.G.S. 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle San Luis Obispo, CA T 30 S • R 12 E 1965 , Photorevised 1979 MAP 2 STUDY LOCATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT I• ... , 0 I , I Prepared by Applied Earthwo rk s, Inc. tN Miles Contour Interval: 40 Feet 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4A1954 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 12 n l l C J ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT Aerial from : Google Earth , 2006 DigitalGlobe 0 MAP 3 SURVEY COVERAGE Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo tN 750 Feet (approximate) 05-SL0-0-SLO RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4A1954 1500 13 APPENDIX A Records Search Results 6iJi Applied EorthWorHs TO: FAX NO.: FROM: DATE: RE.: FAX TRANSMISSION FAX (559) 229-2019 Phone (559) 229-1856 Central Coastal Information Center 805-893-8707 Randy Baloian October 23, 2006 Request for Record Search a waterline project in San Luis Obispo Number of pages, including this cover sheet: _1 Applied EarthWorks, Inc. (.tE) is currently providing services to the City of San Luis Obispo in support of its Railroad Safety Trail project. The City plans to construct a bike lane along the Union Pacific Railroad and has retained .tE to perform a survey and bridge evaluation. The project corridor extends approximately .5 miles from the UP station to Marsh Street; it lies in T30S, R12E, Section 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca USGS quadrangle (see attached map). We formally request that you search your base maps and files for known cultural resources located within a 1/4 mile radius of the study area. In addition, please plot the survey coverage of previous studies. We also request copies of all site records as well as a bibliography of prior reports. Send the results and remittance to my attention at: Applied Earth Works, Inc. 5090 North Fruit Avenue, Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711 Call me if you have any questions. Thank you. CENTRAL COAST INFORMATION CENTER California Archaeological Inventory 10/26/2006 Randy Baloian Applied Earthworks 5090 North Fruit Ave. Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711 Dear Mr. Baloian, SAN LUIS OBISPO AND SANTA BARBARA COUNTIES Department of Anthropology University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106-3210 805) 893-2474 FAX (805) 893-8707 Enclosed are the results of the record search you requested for the City of San Luis Obispo Railroad Safety Trail Project. Our records were searched for all known archaeological sites, historic resources, and previous cultural resource surveys within a one quarter mile radius of the project area. In this search, one archaeological site(s) and 23 previous cultural resource survey(s) were found. The survey locations were mapped in colored pencil onto portions of the San Luis Obispo quad(s). A bibliography of these surveys is included. A search of the inventories for the State Historic Property Data Files, National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Determined Eligible Properties, California Historical Landmarks, California Points of Historic Interest, California OHP Archaeological Determinations of Eligibility, and the Caltrans State and Local Bridge Surveys yielded 56 property evaluation(s) within the search radius. According to our records, the project area has not been surveyed. Therefore a cultural resource survey is recommended. Please contact me if you have any questions about this search. Sincerely, Mark Neal Assistant Coordinator L E Number 483 Date 1985 Author Hoover, R. TIiie Archaeological Eva luation of Toro Creek Bridge Realignment Quad San Luis Obispo Site Negative Area Units ReportType E Number 719 Date 1986 Author Broc k, J.; Wan, R. J [ Comments Pages Title A Cultural Resources Assessment of Selected Study Areas wi1h in the City of San Luis Obispo Quad San Luis Ob is po Site SL0-124, SL0-914, SL0-64 Area Units E Number 1303 Date 1989 ReportType Author Dills , C. Comments Pages Title Letter report : archaeological potential of your property on Leff Street, San Lu is Ob ispo. Quad San Luis Ob ispo Site Negative; recommends monitoring footings Area Units ReportType Comments Pages E Number 1613 Date 1989 Author Cultural Resource Management Services Title Cultural resource investigation lor Iris Street condominiums, San Luis Obispo Quad San Lu is Obi spo Site Negative Area Units ReportType E Number 2081 Date 1992 Author Dills, C. TIiie Archaeological inve sti gation of parcel o1-238-07 Quad San Luis Ob ispo Site Negativ e Area 2023 sq m Units Report Type Comments Pages Comments Pages L E Number 2363 Date 1993 Author Gibson , Robert 0. TIiie Inventory of Cultural Resources for the Water Reclamation Pro je ct , City of San Lu is Obispo , CA . Quad San Luis Obispo Site ~L(?-30 ; SL0:44 ; SL0-64; _SL0-12~; SL0-400 ; SL0-785 ; SL0-~91 ; Area 12 linear Units ReportType Comments Pages E Number 2651 Date 1983 Author City ol San Luis Obispo Title Completion Report : Historic Resources Survey Quad San Lu is Obispo Site Area Units ReportType E Number 3062 Date 1996 Author Parker, John Comments Pages J Tille Cultural Resource Investigation of the Wolf-Adamski Parcel APN 002-325-015 Lizz ie St., San Lui s Obis po Quad San Luis Obispo Site La Loma Adobe Comments 8 pp. Area 29 74 sq ft Units ReportType Pages E Number 3211 Date 1997 Author Bertrando , Ethan and Bertrando , Bet sy Title Proposed Multi-modal Transportion Center in the Railroad District for th e City al San Lui s Obispo : Phase 1 Archaeological and Historic Survey Quad San Luis Ob ispo Site negative Comments 20 pp. Area none given Units ReportType Pages E Number 3374 Date 1998 Author Bertrando , Ethan ; Bertrando , Betsy Title Impact Assessment and Mitigation Proposal for the Historic South ern Pacif ic Fre ight Ware house (0150 -04C) San Luis Obispo, CA Quad San Luis Obispo Site negtive Comments 25 pp. Area none given Units Report Type Pages E Number 3381 Date 1997 Author Parker, John Tille Archaeological Monitoring of the Wolf-Adamski Parcel APN 002-325·015 Lizzie Street Quad San Luis Obispo Site negative Comments 6 pp. Area none given Units ReportType Pages E Number 3744 Date 1999 Author Singer, Clay Title cuttural Resources Survey and Impact Assessment for a Residential Property at 1720 Johnson Avenue in the city of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California Quad San Luis Obispo Site negative Area none given Units ReportType E Number 3934 Date 1999 Author Avina, Mike Comments pp. 8 Pages TIiie Cullural Resources Inventory Report for Williams Communications, Inc. Fiber Optic Cable Installation Project, San Luis Obispo to Bakersfield Volume I Quad Pismo Beach, San Luis Obispo, Lopez MTN, Atascadero, Templeton, Estrella, Cholame Hills, Santa Margarita Site SL0-587, SL0-1559 Comments pp. 200+. Area 120 flnear Units ReportType Pages E Number 3716 Date 1995 Author Cole. Alexandra Title Historic Property Survey Report for the Replacement of the Santa Rosa Street Bridge San Luis Obispo, Calilornia Quad San Luis Obispo Site negative Area 3600 sq feet Units ReportType E Number 3933 Date 1999 Author Conway, Thor Comments pp. 33 Pages Title Railroad bikeway Phase II plan review and additional Phase I Archaeological survey of the railroad bike path project, City of San Luis Obispo, CA. Quad San Luis Obispo Site Negative Area None given Units ReportType Comments 11 pp Pages E Number 3888 Date 1994 Author Pavlik, Robert Title Historic Property Survey Report for additions to the San Luis Obispo Train Station in San Luis Obispo, CA Quad San Luis Obispo Site Negative Area None Given Units ReportType E Number 4117 Date 2000 Author Conway, T. Comments 54 pp Pages TIiie Phase 1 Archaeological Survey of the New Pool Area, San Luis High School, San Luis Obispo, California Quad San Luis Obispo Site Negative Comments 10 pp. Area 2 acres Units ReportType Pages E Number 4563 Date 2001 Author Bertrando, B. TIiie Historic Resource Inventory and Preliminary Evaluation for The Frank Campbell Mitchell House p.40 041102/APN 03-541-12-000 1429 Osos Street. San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 Quad San Luis Obispo Site P-40 041102 Area < 1 Acre Units ReportType Comments P. 19 Pages E Number 4766 Date 2003 Author Singer, Clay A. TIiie Cultural Resources Survey and Impact Assessment for a 0.53 Acre Property on Pismo Street in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, CA Quad San Luis Obispo Site Negative Comments 5 pp. Area .53 Units acres ReportType Survey Pages E Number 4888 Date 2002 Author RRM Design Group Title Historic Southern Pacific Freight Warehouse Rehabilitation Study Quad San Luis Obispo Site historic property Area nol given Units Comments •30 pp. ReportType Historic Property Evaluation Pages E Number 4888 Date 2002 Author Harris, Kyle Title Historic Southern Pacific Freight Warehouse Rehabilitation Study Quad San Luis Obispo Site historic property Comments 30 Area n/a Units ReportType Historic Property Evaluation Pages E Number 5053 Date 2003 Author Conway, T. TIiie Archaeological Survey for the Del Rio Terrace Apartments Project, 2005 Johnson Avenue, San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo Counly, California Quad San Luis Obispo Site Negative Comments 9pp. Area 1.2 Units acres ReportType Survey Pages E Number 5674 Date 2005 Author Bertrando, Ethan; Betsy Bertrando Title Historic Resource Inventory of Selected Properties in the 1400 Block of Monterey and Higuera Streets Cily of San Luis Obispo, CA: 1400 Higuera Street; 1441, 1453, 1457, and 1459 Monterey Street Quad San Luis Obispo Site negative Comments Area 2 parcels Units ReportType Historic Property Evaluation Pages 15 APPENDIXB Native American Consultation S/i Applied EorthWorl« TO: FAX NO.: FROM: DATE: RE.: FAX TRANSMISSION FAX (559) 229-2019 Phone (559) 229-1856 Native American Heritage Commission 916) 657-5390 Randy Baloian 23 October 2006 Request for Search of Sacred Lands Inventory File and Contact List Number of pages, including this cover sheet: ___l Dear Mr. Wood: Applied EarthWorks, Inc. (.tE) is currently providing cultural resource services to the City of San Luis Obispo in support of its Railroad Safety Trail project. The city plans to construct a bike trail along a .5 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad between the UP station and Marsh Street. tE formally requests that you review the Sacred Lands Inventory Files for sacred or sensitive areas that may be within or near the survey area. The project corridor lies in T30S, R12E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, CA 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). Additionally, we request the names and contact information of the Native American representatives in the project vicinity in order to provide those individuals with information regarding the project. Thank you for your assistance. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have questions or require further information (559-229-1856). Please FAX the results to my attention at (559) 229-2019. Thank you. 10/25/2006 16:42 FAX 916 657 5390 STAIE GE CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION 915 CAPITOL MALI.., ~M 364 SA~O. CA 93814 916) 65J-40!!2 Fax (916) 657-S$90 Applied Earth Works, Inc. Sent by Fax: 559-229-2019 Number of Pages: 6 NAHC October 25, 2006 RE: Request for Search of S9:cred Lands Inventory File and Contact List To Whom This May Concern : 141001/006 A record search of the sacred lands file has failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources in the Immediate project area. The absence of specific site information in the sacred lands file does not indicate the absence of cultural resources In any project area. Other sources of cultural resources should also be contacted for information regarding known and recorded sites. Enclosed is a list of Native Americans individuals/organizations who may have knowledge of cultural resources in the project area. The Commission makes no recommendation or preference of a single individual, or group over another. This list should provide a starting place in locating areas of potential adverse impact within the proposed project area I suggest you contact all of those indicated, if they cannot supply information, they might recommend others with specific Knowledge. If a response has not been received within two weeks of notification, the Commission requests that you follow-up with a telephone call to ensure that the project information has been received. If you receive notification of change of addresses and phone numbers from any of these individuals or groups, please notify me. With your assistance we are. able to assure that our lists contain· current information. If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact me at (916) 653-4040. Sincerely, Rob Wood Environmental Specialist Ill 10/25/2006 1_6: 42 FAX 916 657 5390 Beverly Salazar Folkes NAHC Native American Contacts San Luis Obispo County October 25, 2006 Santa Ynez Band of Mission Indians Vincent Armenta, Chairperson 002/006 1931 Shadybrook Drive Thousand Oaks , CA 91362 Chumash Tataviam Fernande no P.O. Box517 Chumash 805 492-7255 Puilulaw Khus 2001 San Bernardo Creek Road· Chumash . . Morro Bay , CA 93442 Lei Lynn Odom 1339 24th .Street 0ceano , CA · 93445 805) 489-5390 Chumash This 11:&t Is currmt only ae of the date of this dOCument. Santa Ynez ,CA 93460 varmenta@santaynezchun,ash.org 805) 688-7997 805) 686--9578 Fax Julie Lynn Tumamait 365 North Pole Ave Ojai , CA 93023 jtumamait@hotmail.com 805) 646-6214 Judith Bomar Grindstaff 63161 Argyle Road King City , CA 93930 831) 385-3759-home Chumash Salinan Distribution or a,1e •• daes not relieve any person or 8IIIIUtOry responsibllltJ as defined In Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, Secaon 5097.~ of the PubllC Aosourcas Code and Section 6097.98 of the Publlc Resol.ll'Ce8 Code. TN811Gt le only applleable fOf' contacting local Nattve Amettcane with regard to cultural resources for the propoeed Flalll'Otld Safety Tran PrOJeCl, City and County ar San l.ul$ Ol)lspo. 10/25/2006 16:42 FAX 916 657 5390 NAHC Native American Contacts San Luis Obispo County October 25, 2006 San Luis Obispo County Chumash Council Chief Mark Steven Vigil Peggy Odom 1339 24th Street Oceano 1030 Ritchie Road Chumash Grover Beach , CA 93433 805) 481-2461 (805) 489-5390 805) 474-4729-Fax 14) 003/006 Chumash 93445 Diane Napoleone and Associates Diane Napoleone Salinan Tribe of Monterey, San Luis ObispO and San Benito Counties 6997 Vista del Rincon La Conchita , CA 93001 dnaassociates@sbcglobal.net 805-643-7492 Chumash Salinan Tribe of Monterey. San LuiG Obivp(t and San Benito Cou~ Shirley Macagni, Cultural Resources Representative 1S5Q Guadalupe Road Sall nan Nipomo , CA 93444 805 343-1015 805 343-2726-Fax Thi$ net IS current only as of the date i)t this documenL John W. Burch 14650 Morro Road Atascadero , CA 93422 jbsalinan@aol.com 805 235--2730 Cell 805 461-5192 Fax Santa Ynez Tribal Elders Council Adelina Alva-Padilla, Chair Woman P.O. BOX365 Sant~ Ynez ,CA 93460 elders@santaynezchumash.org 805) 688-8446 805) 693-1768 FAX Salinan Chumash Distribution of u,19 list does not ralleve any person or 5tatl.ltOly responsibility as deflned In section 7050.5 otthe Health and Safety Code, Section 5097.94 of the Publlc Fleeolll'Ce$ Co&> and~ 5097.98 of the P\11)11¢ ~ Code. Thi$ !1st la only aDDllcable for contacting loeal NatJw Americans with regal'd to cultural resources tor tt1e proposed Rallroacl S81ety Trall ProJecl:, City and County of San Luis Obispo. . 10/25/2006 16:42 FAX 916 657 5390 NAHC Randy Guzman • Folkes 3044 East Street Simi. Valley , CA 93065-3929 randyfolkes@sbcglobal.net 805) 579-9206 805) 501-5279 (cell) Native American Contacts san Luis Obispo County October 25, 2006 Chumash Fernandefio Tataviam Shoshone Paiute Yaqui Xolon Salinan Tribe Donna Haro 11 O Jefferson Street Bay Point , CA 94565 DMARIE~H@prodigy.net 925) 709-6714 925) 458-0341 FAX 141004/006 Salinan Mary E:. Trajo · · P.O. Box469 Salinan Tribe of Monterey. San Luis Obis,x, and San Benito Counties Bonnie Pierce Chumash·/ Santa Margarita , CA 93453 805) ~-4280 Salinan Nation Cultural Preservation Assoc.iation Doug Alger, Cultural Resources Coordinator PO Box 56 SaJinan Lockwood , CA 93932 fabbq2000@earthlink.net 831) 262-9829 -cell 831 ) 385·3450 This HIit Is curtent o~ty ,e of the date of this document. 440 Highland Drive Los Osos , CA 93402 805 528-1362 - Home Salinai'l. Nation Cultural Preservation Association Robert Duckworth, Environmental Coordinator Drawer2447 Salinan Greenfield , CA 93927 dirobduck@thegrid.net 831) 385-1882 831) 674-5019 DlstrtbUllon of this list does not relieve any person Of statutory reepo1181blllty • defined In Seetton 7050.5 of the Neallh and 81-ty Code, Section 5097.94 of the Publlc RnOuteee Code •ncs &aicllon 5097.98 of the Publ!D Resources Code. T.hfs llet 18 only applleable for contRtll'IS local NaUve Americans with regard to cultural resoutcee fOI' the proposed Flellroact 5efetY Trail Projeet, City and County of San Luis Obispo. . 10/25/2006 16:42 FAX 916 657 5390 NAHC Native American Contacts San Luis Obispo County October 25, 2006 Salinan Nation Cuttural Preservation Association Jose Freeman, President 14] 005/006 15200 County Road, 968 Salinan Mona Olivas Tucker 660 Camino Del Rey Chumash Woodland , CA 95695 josefree@ccio1.com 530). 662-5316 Matthew Darian Goldman 660 Camino Del Rey Arroyo Grande , CA 93420 805) 550-0461 Home Chumash Salinan Nation Cultural Preservation AS$0Ciation Gregg Castro, Administrator 5225 Roeder Road Salinan San Jose , CA 95111 glcastro@pacbell.net 408) 884-4115 Thi$ 11st Is cuffl!ll'lt only as of the date at this document. Arroyo Grande , CA 93420 805) 489-1052 Home Santa Ynez Band of Mission Indians Sam Cohen, Tribal Administrator P.O. Box 517 Chumash Santa Ynez , CA 93460 805) 688-7997 805) 686-9578 Fax Salinan-Chumash Nation Xielolixii 3901 a Street, Suite 31B Bakersfield , CA 93301 xielolixii@yahoo.com 661-864-1295 408-966-8807 -cell Sallnan Chumash Of U'll8 11st dOeG oot relieve any person Of 81atutory responsibility as defined In Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, Section 5097_94 Qf the Publlc Aeeollr'Ce$ COde arld sectlOn 5097.98 ot the Publle Resources Code. This list Is only appJlcable for con1ac:Ung loeal NaHve Americans wHh regard to cultural resources for the proposed Railroad Safety Tran ProJeet, Clly and County of San Luis Obispo. ' . 10/25/2006 16:42 FAX 916 657 5390 NAHC Native American Contacts San Luis Obispo County October25,2006 Northern Chum$sh Tribal Council Fred Collins, Spokesperson 1177 Marsh Street. Suite 11 O San Luis Ot'.llspo , CA ~401 Chumash 805) 801-0347 (Cell) Thlt 11st 1s cl#l'ent only as or tl'le date Of tnl9 oocument. Dla1rlbUIIOn ttl •• ltst does na1 rallllve any person of stalUlory 1Npanslblllty as deftned In Saatlan 7050.5 ot 1he Health and Safely Coda, Sadlon 5097JM ot th9 Public Rlllrourms Code and Seallon 5097.98 ot the Public Resourms Code. l Thia Hat 18 only applleable ror contacllf.!9 local Native America• Wltll ,egard to cultural ,esou,cea ror tne proposed RaUroed S8faly Trail Pl'O)act, City and County ot San Luis Obispo. 141006/006 m;,~"'!;,~-!lli\-; --- i{t,-4 . ttfi Apµ1!..u Eorth Works· October 26, 2006 Puilulaw Khus 2001 San Bernardo Creek Road Morro Bay, CA 93442 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Ms. Khus: 5090 North Fruit Avenue Suite 10·1 Fresno, CA 93711-3064 559) 229-i 856 FAX ( 559) 229-2019 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, R12E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Encl. Sincerely, 13J_:__ Randy Bgoian Project Administrator Peggy Odom 1339 24th Street Oceano, CA 93445 October 26, 2006 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Ms. Odom: 5090 North Fruit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711-3064 559) 229-1 856 FAX (559) 229-2019 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, Rl 2E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Encl. Sincerely, 3,v{_:___ andy Bagian Project Administrator 5090 North Fruit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711-3064 559) 229-1856 l\t;m,m:;~~~Jit'!\';Pc!'; ________________________ ..:.._F:_::AX~(So::.::~9'.!....) :::'.22::::9:...:-2:::.0.:.::19'....___ Lei Lynn Odom 1339 24th Street Oceano, CA 93445 October 26, 2006 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Ms. Odom: Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, RI2E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Encl. Sincerely, andy Ba~ian Project Administrator Applied EorthWorks· San Luis Obispo County Chumash Council Chief Mark Steven Vigil 1030 Ritchie Road Grover Beach, CA 93433 October 26, 2006 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Mr. Vigil: 5090 North Fruii Avenue Suite -J01 Fresno, CA 937·11-3064 559) 229-1856 FAX (559) 229-2019 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, R12E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Encl. Sincerely, andy BaYoian Project Administrator October 26, 2006 Salinan Tribe of Monterey, San Luis Obispo, and San Benito Counties Shirley Macagni, Cultural Resources Representative 1550 Guadalupe Road Nipomo, CA 93444 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Ms. Macagni: 5090 North Fruit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 937"11-3064 559) 229-1856 FAX (559) 229-2019 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, RI 2E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek ( considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Sincerely, dyBa"an Project Administrator Encl. October 26, 2006 Salinan Tribe of Monterey, San Luis Obispo, and San Benito Counties John W. Burch 14650 Morro Road Atascadero, CA 93422 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Mr. Burch: 5090 Nortr, Fruit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711-3064 559) 229-1856 FAX (559) 229-20"19 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, R12E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Encl. Sincerely, andy BalQan Project Administrator Mary E. Trejo P.O. Box469 Santa Margarita, CA 93453 October 26, 2006 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Ms. Trejo: 5090 North Fruii Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711-3064 559) 229-1856 FA/ (559) 229-2019 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part oftown. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, Rl2E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Sincerely, dyBJ,/an 1 Project Administrator Encl. Bonnie Pierce 440 Highland Drive Los Osos, CA 93402 October 26, 2006 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Ms. Pierce: 5090 f'.Jorth Fruit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 937·11-3064 559) 229-1856 FAX (559) 229-?0"19 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, R12E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Sincerely, 13-vL- andy B(/oian Project Administrator Encl. 5090 f\iorth Fruit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 9371 ·1-3064 559) 229-i 8.'56 i=A~-(.559) 228-20·19 Mona Olivas Tucker 660 Camino Del Rey Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 October 26, 2006 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Ms. Tucker: Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, R12E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Encl. Sincerely, 1~ Randy B~oian Project Administrator Matthew Darian Goldman 660 Camino Del Rey Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 October 26, 2006 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Mr. Goldman: 5090 North Fruii Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711-3064 559) 229-"l 856 FAX (559) 229-2019 Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, R12E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek ( considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Encl. Sincerely, Randy BalM'an Project Administrator Northern Chumash Tribal Council Fred Collins 1177 Marsh Street, Suite 110 San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 October 26, 2006 RE: Cultural Resources Investigations in the City of San Luis Obispo Dear Mr. Collins: Your name and address were provided to us by the Native American Heritage Commission, which considers you an individual with knowledge about cultural resources in San Luis Obispo County. The City of San Luis Obispo, in cooperation with Caltrans and the Federal Highways Administration, proposes to construct a bike trail that will closely parallel a .25 mile stretch of the Union Pacific Railroad in the east part of town. The trail will begin at the UP train station, proceed north/northwest, and terminate at Marsh Street. The project area lies in T30S, R12E, Sections 26 and 35 as shown on the San Luis Obispo, Ca 7.5' quadrangle (see attached map). No known archaeological sites occur within the study corridor. However, the rail line passes over San Luis Obispo Creek (considered archaeologically sensitive by the City), and numerous prehistoric, mission period, and late-19th century historical sites have been recorded throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. Our investigation entails a pedestrian survey and a historical evaluation of the two bridges within the project area. If you have information regarding the study area or have interest in the project, please phone me or send a letter to my attention. Your comments will be included in our archaeological survey report. You can contact me during normal business hours (559-229-1856, ext 23). Thank you. Encl. Sincerely, J~ Randy Baloian Project Administrator Northern Chumash Tribal Council Randy Baloian Project Administrator Applied EarthWorks 5090 North Fruit Avenue Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93711-3064 1177 Marsh Street, Suite 110 San Luis Obispo, California 93401 805-783-224 7 November 10, 2006 Re: Bike Trail in City of San Luis Obispo .25 mile stretch paralleling the UPR Dear Randy; The project referenced above falls within the sphere of influence of three entities of concern. The first issues of concern is the San Luis Obispo Creek area, Elders of our council were born in this very area. Second concern is the Dallidet adobe, Chumash worked to build this adobe so the possibilities of human remains in the area are high. Third concern is the Sphere of influence of the Mission; the Chumash lives were closely interwoven to this area It is recommended that all Chumash artifact found be documented and reburied at the same location or as close as possible. It is recommended that any human remain unearthed be reburied in the same location at a depth as to not be disturbed in the future. Thank you for the opportunity to comment on this project we look forward to discussing any issues with you in person. Fred Collins Northern Chumash Tribal Council Please send donations made payable to: Northern Chumash Tribal Council, Inc., A Non-Profit Corporation Visit our Website at: htq:,://norrhcn1chumash.org/ APPENDIXC California DPR 523 Forms Documenting Archaeological Resources D C D D D 0 D C D C D C C D State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION PRIMARY RECORD Page 1 of 4 Other Listings Review Code P1. Temporary Number/Resource Name: WR-lH P2. Location: a. County: San Luis Obispo b. USGS 7.5' Quad: San Luis Obispo, CA c. Address: Primary# P-40-002531 HRI# Trinomial CA-SL0-253 lH NRHP Status Code 6Z Reviewer Date Not for Publication D Unrestricted Date 1965 (revised 1994) T30S, Rl2E; Sections 26 and 35 Mt. Diablo B.M. d. UTM: NAO 27, Zone 10; 713450 mE / 3906250 mN e. Other Locational Data: From the Amtrak train depot in San Luis Obispo, proceed north along the west side of the track for approximately 1,000 feet. The site lies about 30 feet west (left) of the tracks . P3a. Description: This historical site contains one complete concrete foundation and one partially intact concrete foundation. The features represent the remains of tool houses and a telephone shanty, which were part of the Southern Pacific Railroad San Luis Obispo station .. P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) AH2 (structural foundations) P4. Resources Present: D Building D Structure D Object • Site D District D Element of Distr ict D Other: P5. Photograph or Drawing (photograph required for buildings, structures, and objects): Feature 1, facing northwest. P6. Date Constructed/Age: D Prehistoric Historic D Both P7. Owner and Address: Union Pacific Railroad 340 Guadalupe Street Guadalupe, CA 93434 PB. Recorded By: R. Baloian Applied Earth Works, Inc. 5090 N. Fruit Ave. #10 1 Fresno, CA 93711 P9. Date Recorded: 11/8/06 P10. Survey Type: Intensive D Reconnaissance D Other Describe: Survey for proposed bicycle and pedestrian path. P11. Report Citation: Baloian, Randy 2007 Archaeological Survey Report for the Railroad Safety Bike Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California. Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, California. Submitted to the City of San Luis Obispo Department of Public Works and California Department of Transportation, San Luis Obispo. Nettles, Wendy M., and Randy Baloian 2007 Historical Resources Evaluation Report for the Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California. Applied Earth Works, Inc ., Fresno, California. Submitted to the City of San Luis Obispo Department of Public Works and California Department of Transportation, San Luis Obispo. Attachments: D NONE DPR 523A (1/95) D Building , Structure , and Object Record D Photograph Record Location Map Archaeological Record D Milling Station Record D Other (list): Site/Sketch Map D District Record D Rock Art Record D Continuation Sheet D Linear Feature Record D Artifact Record Primary.doc[8-5-04] State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page 2 of 4 Temporary Number/Resource Name: WR-lH Primary# HRI #/Trinomial A1. Dimensions: a. Length 60 meters (N/S) x b. Width 10 meters (E/W) Method of Measurement: • Paced D Taped D Visual estimate D Other: P-40-002531 CA-SL0-2531H Method of Determination (check any that apply): D Artifacts • Features D Soil D Vegetation D Topography D Cut bank D Animal burrow D Excavation D Property boundary D Other (explain): Reliability of Determination: D High • Medium Dlow Explain: Other features may exist but are not exposed. Limitations (check any that apply): D Restricted access D Paved/built over D Disturbances D Site limits incompletely defined • Other Explain: Surface examination only. A2. Depth: 1-2 feet D None D Unknown Method of determination: Estimated depth of features. A3. Human Remains: D Present • Absent D Possible D Unknown (explain): A4. Features (Number, describe, indicate size, list associated cultural constituents, and show location of each on sketch map): Feature 1 is a 20 by 16 foot concrete foundation with 6-inch-thick walls. The concrete slab floor of the structure is still intact. A 6-foot section extends from the northwest corner of the foundation; it is not apparent whether this section supported an exterior wall or was the part of an adjoining room. Feature 2 is the scant remnant of a similarly built foundation-two 5-foot-long, 6-inch-thick walls come together to form the northeast corner of the structure. A5. Cultural Constituents (not associated with features): Discarded railroad ties and other railroad parts are sparsely scattered throughout the site; it is unlikely that these items are historical. A6. Were Specimens Collected? • No D Yes (If yes, attached Artifact Record or catalog.) A7. Site Condition: D Good • Fair D Poor D Disturbances: AB. Nearest Water (type, distance, and direction): The closest natural water source is San Luis Obispo Creek, located approximately 1,250 feet north along the railroad tracks. A9. Elevation: 240 feet amsl. A10. Environmental Setting (vegetation, fauna, soils, geology, landform, slope, aspect, exposure, etc.): Prior to urbanization, the San Luis Obispo area was characteristic of a riparian habitat. This natural setting is currently limited to the banks of San Luis Obispo Creek. The site lies within the right-of-way of the Union Pacific Railroad and is surrounded by a residential neighborhood. The ground is fairly level, and the soil appears to be imported fill. A11. Historical Information (full citations in A15 below): The locations of foundations undoubtedly correspond to the telephone shanty and tool houses depicted on the 1952 map of the San Luis Obispo Depot (Signor 1994:218-219). A contemporaneous photograph shows the tool houses were simple utilitarian buildings with no windows and medium- pitched roofs (Signor 1994:213). They were probably built ca. 1930-1950 and removed in the mid-to-late 1950s. A12. Age: D Prehistoric D Protohistoric D 1542-1769 D 1769-1848 D 1848-1880 D 1880-1914 • 1914-1945 D Post 1945 D Undetermined Describe position in regional prehistoric chronology or factual historic dates if known: A 13. Interpretations: Because of its direct association with the railroad depot, the site is included as a resource in the San Luis Obispo Railroad Historic District. The virtual absence of historical artifacts on the surface suggests that the site lacks significant subsurface deposits. Given the limited information potential, it does not appear to be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D, nor does it contribute to the significance of the historic district. A14. Remarks: A proposed bicycle and pedestrian path will be constructed through the site. A15. References: Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps; San Luis Obispo County Historical Society; Signor, John R. 1994. Southern Pacific's Coast Line. Signature Press, Wilton, California. A16. Photographs: Original media/negatives kept at: Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, CA A17. Form Prepared By: Randy Baloian Date: November 8, 2006 Affiliation and Address: Applied Earth Works, Inc., 5090 N. Fruit Ave., Suite 101, Fresno, CA 93711 DPR 523C (1/95) *Required Information C D D D D D D D D D State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOC ATION MAP Page 3 of 4 Temporary Num ber/Resource Name: WR-lH I I Rad ,o :nw,e r 1KVEC) erro '( an ~uis O~lspo -:.:: I ' I T I I r .,, I 111'..'.1 r' ,,, ,. Confidential: Not fo r P ub lic Distribut ion U.S.G.S . 7.5 Minute Topog raphic Quadrangle San Luis Obispo , CA T 30 S -R 12 E 1965, Photorevised 1979 I I l D DPR 523J (1/95) 0 Primary # P-40 -002531 HR! #/Trinom ial CA-SL0-253 IH P,os pect · I 7'5 c~ I I ,, I I ,...-- I '>. I ' . I Prepa red by App lied EarthWo rks, Inc . tN Mil es Co ntour In terva l : 40 Feet State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION SKETCH MAP Page 4of4 Temporary Number/Resource Name: WR-lH DPR 523K (1/95) UJ z UJ 0 UJ 0:: I , , I I I . . I 1 l\ Partia! __ l rodaUoo] I J IFoood,ui, J J I I I I . . I Primary # P-40-002531 HRI #/Trinomial CA-SL0-253 IH b' ii Q.. J/ . . I . , I I I I . . I . . I J 0 Field Map: R. Baloian -11/MAY/06 Final Map: L. Meckstroth -16/NOV/06 20 Meters Contour Interval: 3 Feet Approximately) 40 D 0 L D C 0 l l j 1 Historical Resources Evaluation Report for the Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE-5016 (037) EA 05-4A1954 Prepared By Wendy M. Nettles (M.A., RPA), Historical Archaeologist/Architectural Historian, and Randy Baloian (M.A.), Archaeologist/Historian Applied Earth Works, Inc. 5090 N. Fruit Avenue, Suite 101, Fresno, California 93711 Submitted To Daniel Van Beveren, Senior Civil Engineer City of Santa Luis Obispo Department of Public Works 955 Morro Street, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 and Gary Ruggerone, Chief, Environmental Planning California Department of Transportation 50 Higuera Street, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 April 2007 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The City of San Luis Obispo, in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, plans to construct a bike path along the Union Pacific Railroad (formerly the Southern Pacific Railroad) in the east part of town. One historical archaeological site (CA-SL0-253 lH) and two historical bridges (CA-SL0-2529H and -2530H) lie within the project's Area of Potential Effects. The resources are associated with the Coast Line of the Southern Pacific Railroad, which was completed in 1901. Throughout the first half of the twentieth century, the Coast Line served to stimulate the economy and social life of San Luis Obispo and other towns along its route. The three resources were evaluated with reference to the history of the Coast Line of the Southern Pacific Railroad and by applying the eligibility criteria of the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Based on a lack of information potential, the archaeological site (CA-SL0-253 lH) appears to be ineligible for the NRHP. One bridge (CA-SL0-2529H) does not appear to be NRHP eligible, while the other (CA-SL0-2530H) possess historical associations that would qualify it as a contributor to the San Luis Obispo Railroad Historic District. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo iii HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT iv Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................... 1 2 RESEARCH METHODS .................................................................................................. 3 3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ...................................................................................... 5 3.1 HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...................................................................................... 5 3.1.1 San Luis Obispo before the Southern Pacific, Pre-1894 .............................. 5 3.1.2 Arrival of the Southern Pacific Railroad and Closing of the "Gap," 1894-1901 .................................................................................................... 6 3 .1.3 Heyday of the Southern Pacific Railroad and San Luis Obispo as a Railroad Town, 1901-1959 ......................................................................... 9 3.1.4 Modem Period, 1959-Present .................................................................... 12 3.2 SITE-SPECIFIC HISTORY .................................................................................. 13 4 DESCRIPTION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES ........................................................ 17 4.1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE CA-SL0-2531H ..................................................... 17 4.2 JOHNSON AVENUE RAILROAD BRIDGE (CA-SL0-2529H) ........................ 17 4.3 SAN LUIS OBISPO CREEK RAILROAD BRIDGE (CA-SL0-2530H) ............ 18 5 FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................... .21 5.1 FINDINGS ............................................................................................................. 21 5.1.1 Archaeological Site CA-SL0-2531H ........................................................ 21 5.1.2 Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H) ............................... .21 5.1.3 San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2530H) .................... .22 5.2 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................... 22 6 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 23 7 PREPARERS QUALIFICATIONS .............................................................................. .26 8 MAPS ................................................................................................................................ 27 1 PROJECT VICINITY ............................................................................................ 29 2 PROJECT LOCATION ......................................................................................... 30 3 PROJECT AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS ................................................... .31 APPENDICES A California DPR 523 Forms Documenting Cultural Resources Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo V HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT vi Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 1 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION The City of San Luis Obispo (City), in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), plans to construct a bike path along the Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) in the east part of town (Map 1 and Map 2). Because the project will use federal funds, it is considered an undertaking (per 36 CFR 800.16[y]) subject to the authority of federal historic preservation law. The FHW A requires that project proponents assist in meeting its obligations under the National Historic Preservation Act NHPA) of 1966, as amended, to consider project effects on historic properties. A historic property is defined as a prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object included in, or eligible for inclusion in, the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) (36 CFR 800.16[1]). Applied EarthWorks, Inc. (JE) has been retained to evaluate the NRHP eligibility of the sites and structures in the project's Area of Potential Effects (APE) and assist the City, Caltrans, and the FHWA in meeting the cultural resources requirements of the NHPA. This Historical Resources Evaluation Report (HRER) follows the suggested content and format outlined in Exhibit 6.2 of Caltrans' Standard Environmental Reference (2006). Pedestrians and bicyclists commonly use the UPRR right-of-way (ROW) as a short-cut through town. Foot and cycle traffic along this corridor not only constitutes trespassing on UPRR property but creates a safety hazard given the proximity of fast-moving trains. The installation of a paved and protected City path would provide legal and safe access through this heavily used route. The project will involve the construction of a 12-foot-wide paved Class I bike path along the western margin of the ROW currently owned by the UPRR. The path would extend from the north end of the UPRR station parking lot to Pacific Street, a distance of approximately 2,250 feet. The proposed path would end near the access to an existing Class II bicycle route located on Marsh Street. The project additionally involves the construction of two clear span bicycle bridges parallel to the railroad bridges across Johnson A venue and San Luis Obispo Creek, as well as security fencing between the path and the railroad tracks. Cut-slope grading and placement of retaining walls will be necessary in segments where the ROW slants precipitously downward from the tracks. The City plans to purchase the necessary property from the UPRR. The project corridor crosses Sections 26 and 35 of Township 30 South, Range 12 East as shown on the San Luis Obispo, California, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute quadrangle Map 2). The APE for the current investigation encompasses the UPRR ROW, which measures 100-113 feet wide between the north end of the UPRR station parking lot and Pacific Street approximately 2,250 feet) (Map 3). As identified during the archaeological survey for the Railroad Safety Trail (Baloian 2007), three resources lie within the APE: the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (1901) CA-SL0-2530H; P-40-002530), the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (1957) (CA-SL0-2529H; P-40-002529), and a historical archaeological site containing concrete foundations of uncertain Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 1 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT age (CA-SL0-2531H; P-40-002531). The resources, which are the subject of this Historic Resources Evaluation Report (HRER), are directly associated with the Coast Line of the Southern Pacific Railroad (SPR). Although the history of the Coast Line comprises much of the historical context for the evaluation, the railroad itself is not assessed in the HRER. Caltrans has advised that given the continual upgrades to the track, the present railway's obvious lack of integrity compared to its original form, and the scope of the current project, the railroad does not require evaluation (Wilson 2006). Aside from the segment spanning San Luis Obispo Creek, the APE primarily passes through a residential neighborhood containing historical homes. Moreover, the portion of the ROW south of the Johnson Avenue Bridge is within the sphere of the Railroad District Plan (City of San Luis Obispo 1998), an area devoted to community development and historic preservation. This City-created district encompasses historical homes as well as commercial buildings and railroad features. However, none of the residences adjacent to the project corridor face the railroad tracks, and the project would not have any direct or indirect effect on these resources. Thus, the APE does not include any residences but only structures and features related to the railroad. 2 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 2 RESEARCH METHODS On 26 October 2006, the Central Coast Information Center of the California Historical Resources Information System housed at the University of California, Santa Barbara, conducted a records search of known archaeological and historical sites as well as previous cultural resources surveys within a 0.25-mile radius of the project corridor. Site record files, maps, and other materials were examined to determine if the subject resources had been previously recorded. In addition to its maps and site record files, the Information Center's search included the State Historic Property Data Files, National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Determined Eligible Properties, California Historical Landmarks, California Points of Historic Interest, California Office of Historic Preservation Archaeological Determinations of Eligibility, and the Caltrans State and Local Bridge Surveys. On 8 November 2006, Randy Baloian and Wendy Nettles visited the study area to inspect and document the subject bridges and features within the project APE. The fieldwork was conducted in conjunction with a broader archaeological survey of the project area (Baloian 2007). Each resources was photographed and recorded on a California Department of Parks and Recreation Primary Record (DPR 523A); Building, Structure, and Object Record (DPR 523B); and Archaeological Site Record (DPR 523C), as appropriate. On the advisement of Caltrans (Wilson 2007), the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District was expanded to include most of the study area and the resources identified in this study; the resources and enlarged boundaries of the district are documented on a Primary Record. Photographs were taken with a Nikon Coolpix 880 digital camera. Completed forms with photographs are provided in Appendix A of this report. ~ personnel entered the railroad ROW with the written consent of the UPRR. additionally conducted archival research to develop a historic context for the evaluation and to gather specific information about the subject resources. Data sources included the San Luis Obispo County Historical Society, the Main Branch of the San Luis Obispo County Library, and the San Luis Obispo County Recorder as well as ~'sown in-house library, which contains numerous references on the history of San Luis Obispo County. Per Caltrans recommendations Wilson 2007), ~ sent correspondence regarding the current study to Ron Clarke of the San Luis Obispo County Historical Society, Brad LaRose of the San Luis Obispo Railroad Museum, Devin Gallagher of Heritage Shared, and Jeff Hook of the San Luis Obispo Community Development Department. Consultations with these individuals were considered in determining the eligibility of the subject resources. architectural historian Wendy Nettles evaluated the bridges for historical significance by applying the National Register eligibility criteria (36 CFR 60.4) and with reference to the historical context described herein. Whereas the NRHP criteria provide the general standards of significance, the historical context delineates the specific themes-i.e., currents within the flow of history-to which a resource may be related. Significance is based on how well the subject resource exhibits one or more of these themes in terms of important events or people associated Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 3 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT with the resource as well as its inherent qualities (i.e., architecture and potential to yield information about the past). Moreover, in order to be considered a good representation of a particular theme(s), a resource not only must possess significant associations but also must retain integrity-i.e., it must preserve the character of its original form. Other properties and features within the APE were treated according to the Caltrans Section 106 Programmatic Agreement. 4 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The segment of the UPRR that is the focus of this study was originally constructed as the part of the Southern Pacific Railroad's (SPR) Coast Line, a 470-mile railway linking San Francisco with Los Angeles and all other destinations in between. Winding its way through the Coast Ranges and along the Pacific shoreline, the Coast Line was an immense undertaking requiring multiple episodes of construction-from the laying of the first tracks for the San Francisco to San Jose line in 1861 to the last spike of the Surf to Ellwood leg in 1901. The significance of the SPR to the history of the Central Coast is unquestionable. The railroads brought manufactured goods, better access to distant markets, and employment opportunities to the predominantly agricultural areas they serviced. Moreover, these communities underwent a social transformation with the coming of the Coast Line, as previously sleepy streets became filled with the clamor of the nearby freight yard and the bustle of out-of-towners traveling from and to points well beyond the local region. The discussion below examines the historical significance of the Coast Line primarily from an economic perspective. The approach is to illustrate the history of the line by using its impact on San Luis Obispo as a specific example. The historical context has been structured into chronological intervals in order to identify the relevant periods of significance for the railroad and its associated features within the current APE. The context is followed by a site-specific historical summary of the study area. 3.1 HISTORICAL CONTEXT 3.1.1 San Luis Obispo before the Southern Pacific, Pre-1894 As with any area, the commercial and urban growth of the Central Coast was intimately intertwined with the development of its transportation network. While the region contains fertile valleys, river basins, and coastal plains, it is guarded by a trio of ranges-the Santa Lucia, San Rafael, and Santa Ynez Mountains-that offer few natural passageways to the rest of the state. Like the mission friars before them, the Anglo-American settlers realized from the beginning that the land was productive. Some property owners, like John Wilson and William Dana, amassed considerable individual wealth in the mid-1800s (Thompson and West 1883), but a broad-based economy could not take root without an infrastructure. Prior to the 1870s, the only established link leading into or out of the area was El Camino Real, the old Spanish highway that connected the 21 missions along its north-south axis. In 1870 the first county road in San Luis Obispo joined the communities of San Luis Obispo and San Simeon, and another over Cuesta grade was constructed by 1877; both routes were built using Chinese labor crews provided by San Luis Obispo businessman Ah Louis (Krieger 1988:75-76). In terms of shipping, however, the most important node in the county was Port Harford (later called Port San Luis), and for many years the large-scale import and export of goods was handled through San Luis Obispo Bay. The port offered a deep harbor where large steamers could unload passengers and freight, and the high promontory of Point San Luis Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 5 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT shielded ships from storms, particularly in the cove just northwest of the point where John Harford built his 540-foot pier in 1873 (Best 1992: 11-13). In 1875-1876, a group of San Francisco investors, later organized as the Pacific Coast Steamship Company, purchased Harford's Wharf and constructed a short railroad line from the port to San Luis Obispo (Krieger 1988:57). In 1882, the steamship company was purchased by the Oregon Improvement Company, a Seattle-based lumber and coal concern that reorganized its newly acquired rail assets into the Pacific Coast Railway Company (PCRC) (Best 1992:24-41 ). The PCRC extended the narrow-gauge railroad from San Luis Obispo to Los Alamos in 1883 and ultimately to Los Olivos in 1887. The rail/steamer network fostered inter-regional trade and had considerable effect on the county's economy. Along with incoming coal and manufactured goods, timber from the northwest arrived in San Luis Obispo, where it was processed and stored in the lumber mills and yards near the PCRC station or distributed to other towns serviced by the railroad. Outgoing grain and dairy products shipped from points along the PCRC line arrived at San Luis Obispo Bay, where they were loaded on steamers bound for San Francisco. An entry in the 1889 San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune (Tognazzini 1989) gives some indication of the volume and diversity of goods passing through Port Harford in 1888: Exports-barley (16,725 tons), wheat 8,384 tons), beans (1,338 tons), oats (1,173), bituminous rock (19,063 tons), iron ore (625 tons), asphaltum (190 tons), butter (979 tons), cheese (118 tons), hogs (1,027 tons), cattle (586 tons), wool (145 tons), sheep (120 tons), hides and pelts (100 tons); Imports-lumber (9,554,030 feet), coal (3,311), general merchandise (13,652 tons), agricultural implements (190 tons). The article adds that 57,175 passengers were carried by the PCRC during that year alone. 3.1.2 Arrival of the Southern Pacific Railroad and Closing of the "Gap," 1894-1901 Operating more than a decade before the arrival of the SPR, the PCRC and its parent company helped to integrate the regional economy with late nineteenth-century industrial America. Yet despite the brisk pace of business, southern San Luis Obispo and northern Santa Barbara counties were still relatively isolated from the rest of the state as late as the 1890s. Intra-regional travel was made easy and affordable by the PCRC, but inter-modal transfers were necessary for journeys outside the Central Coast. Before1894, reaching destinations beyond the range of the PCRC (i.e., north of San Luis Obispo or south of Los Olivos) meant riding the stagecoach to pick up the SPR line in Templeton or Santa Barbara; alternatively, travelers could take the PCRC to Port Harford, where they would board a steamer bound for San Francisco or one of the other ports of call along the California coast (Best 1992:42; Tognazzini 1991 a: 17). The effect of the venerable PCRC should not be underestimated, but its significance paled in comparison to the SPR; whereas the former provided service along the Pacific Coast, the latter was part of a transcontinental network that offered its customers travel and shipping throughout the contiguous United States. In 1886 the SPR line from San Francisco had reached Templeton, and by 1889 it had inched southward to Santa Margarita, a mere 8 miles (as the crow flies) from San Luis Obispo (Signor 1994:12-16). It was here, at the foot of the formidable Cuesta Grade, that construction was to stall for the next five years. With the railroad so close, the wait was made all the more excruciating for the citizens of San Luis Obispo, who had for some time anticipated the arrival of the SPR and the prosperity it was supposed to bring. Like numerous other examples in the 6 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT railroad history, the barometer of that anticipation in San Luis Obispo was the real estate market. In the late 1880s, property owners watched their land values climb with the expectation of the approaching railroad, only to see them fall when doubts crept in about whether the Cuesta Grade segment would ever be completed (San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune [Tribune] 1989; Tognazzini 1991b:31). Conversely, the SPR was in no hurry to undertake the daunting task of bridging the Santa Lucia Mountains and was apparently reluctant to single-handedly carry the burden of project's estimated $3 million cost. For the railroad, the Coast Line was more a matter of expediency than necessity; since 1876, the SPR had run trains between San Francisco and Los Angeles through the much longer San Joaquin Valley/Tehachapi Pass route. In the end, it was perhaps the town's expectations and eagerness that eventually worked to the railroad's advantage and pushed the project forward. Speaking to a packed crowd at the newly opened San Luis Obispo Agricultural Pavilion in April 1889, SPR boss Collis P. Huntington laid out, with real or staged indifference, what the town had to do to bring the railroad over the mountains. Now, we are sixteen miles from here, and if you were to give us the right-of-way, and it was all straight and the title was perfect and the ground that we would want for the shops and depot purposes was provided, I expect we might commence work at the building of the road .... As far as I am personally concerned, I would just as soon you would be ten years about it as not; in fact, rather [Signor 1994:12]. By October 1890 local businessmen and railroad officials had hammered out an agreement, although due to various complications, work on the railroad did not resume until early 1893. Construction of the Santa Margarita to San Luis Obispo segment was an impressive feat requiring the financial wherewithal of the SPR as well the skill of Chief Engineer William Hood. The circuitous 17-mile grade involved countless deep cuts and fills along the precipitous slopes; in addition, seven tunnels-including a 3,700 foot underground passage at the top of the grade- were burrowed through the mountainside, and a viaduct was constructed over Stenner Creek Signor 1994:14; Tognazzini 1994c:24). On 5 May 1894, about 3,000 locals and visitors gathered at the Ramona Hotel to greet the first SPR train to steam into San Luis Obispo Tognazzini 1994b:59). Throughout the year, the company kept busy with the construction of the terminal, which eventually included a depot, storage warehouses, and a brick roundhouse. Meanwhile, the line pressed farther south, reaching Guadalupe by the end of 1894. The Oregon Improvement Company, which was reorganized as the Pacific Coast Company in 1897, now faced competition from the one of the nation's leaders in the rail industry. At least in the short term, that competition and the continued existence of Port Harford as a viable shipping point benefited the farmers and ranchers of the San Luis Obispo area in the form of lower freight costs (Tribune 1895). With the discovery of crude oil on the Central Coast in the early 1900s, Port Harford remained an important distribution node for oil tankers well into the twentieth century. Passenger traffic was a different matter. The days of steamship travel out of Port Harford eventually came to an end, particularly when the SPR began offering through service between San Francisco and Los Angeles in 1901 (Best 1992:51). In terms of intra-regional rail transportation, however, the SPR and the PCRC, which later became known as the Pacific Coast Railway, not only coexisted for many years but formed a tolerant if not amicable relationship (Best 1992:47-49). In San Luis Obispo, the two railroads Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 7 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT coordinated their timetables to facilitate inter-rail transfers, and a spur line was built along South Street between the PCRC and SPR complexes; the SPR also provided land at its new terminal to the Pacific Coast Railway for a warehouse and transfer platform. At Hadley, where the two lines intersected, a watchtower was installed to prevent collisions. Both companies built branch lines to the large Betteravia sugar plant, and there seemed to be plenty of freight to keep both railroads busy. The Pacific Coast Railway in fact enjoyed some of its best shipping years during the latter part of the 1890s (Tognazzini 1996, 1999b ). With respect to the City and County of San Luis Obispo, the SPR had at least some of the effect envisioned by the town. A few weeks following the celebration at the Ramona Hotel, the Tribune commented that compared to recent years, when over 60 dwellings and stores were vacant, all residences were occupied and new construction was being planned or was underway (Tognazzini 1994d:67). The railroad had made northern California much more accessible, and area ranchers could transported high volumes of cattle to market or to graze on greener pastures during dry years (Tognazzini 1994a:71, 1998:43). Perishable dairy products, second only to agricultural crops in economic importance, were railed to the Bay Area with less chance of spoilage and without the double-handling involved in shipping through Port Harford. An 1897 Tribune article notes that the Union Creamery on Morro Road had begun freighting butter, which previously had been sent entirely via steamer, on the refrigerated cars of the SPR (Tognazzini 1997:29). Yet there are indications, particularly in the printed press, that the economic effect of the SPR was not altogether robust or consistent. On 5 May 1895, the one-year anniversary of the railroad's arrival, the Tribune tempered its generally positive outlook by stating that presently b ]usiness has been somewhat slack and new openings have been simply out of the question" Tognazzini 1995:45). The problem was that the Coast Line was still an incomplete railway and had yet to function as intended as a through route between San Francisco and Los Angeles. During the 1890s, the "gap" commonly referred to the unfinished portion of the Coast Line as well as the distance separating the residents of the Central Coast from the promises of prosperity. In 1896 the line from San Francisco had been extended to Surf, while the segment from Los Angeles had reached Ellwood almost 10 years earlier (Signor 1994). The gap between these two points measured 56 miles of mostly rocky shoreline. Once again, the SPR hesitated before the prospect and cost of laying track across rigorous terrain, and once again, the citizens of San Luis Obispo and the rest of the Central Coast grew impatient as the gap refused to narrow any further for the next several years. The following passage from 1899, which is typical of countless Tribune articles from the 1890s, accurately foresees benefits of the Coast Line, whose completion had seemed perpetually imminent throughout the decade. 8 When the Southern Pacific's coast line is finished, and the indications are that it will be just as soon as the big forces of men now at work can finish it, there is bound to be a large increase in our population and more business transacted here. The railroad will bring tourists of means to our town and some of them will purchase property and make their home here at certain seasons of the year. Then there are other classes who will go into business because the place will be up to date .... Repair shops will also be established which will give employment to several men, and altogether it will make the town of considerable importance on the line [Tognazzini 1999b]. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT In early 1901 the Surf to Elwood segment had been completed, and on 31 March 1901, exactly two years after the above article was published, the SPR began offering through passenger service between San Francisco and Los Angeles. The gap had finally been closed. 3.1.3 Heyday of the Southern Pacific Railroad and San Luis Obispo as a Railroad Town, 1901-1959 If there were any doubts about whether the long-awaited completion of the Coast Line would make any difference at all to San Luis Obispo, they were quickly dispelled a few weeks later, when, on 10 May 1901, a special train carrying President William B. McKinley rolled into town. The commander-in-chief, who was in the midst of a nationwide tour, was received at the Ramona Hotel where he made a brief perfunctory speech about the general nature and processes of the government as well as the country's recent success in the Spanish-American War Tognazzini 2001b:50). Almost two years later, President Theodore Roosevelt, who rose to the office after McKinley died from an assassin's bullet a few months after his appearance in San Luis Obispo, rode the SPR into town on 9 May 1903. In his more forward-looking address delivered from a stand at Mitchell Park, the Trust-Buster and proto-environmentalist declared Our aim must be to hand over to our children, not an impoverished but an improved country" Krieger 1985). The citizens of San Luis Obispo in fact had good reason to look to the future with optimism. While the town's central position between San Francisco and Los Angeles made San Luis Obispo a natural choice to locate a major terminal, there were other factors that contributed to the town's strategic value. The location served as the primary interchange with the Pacific Coast Railway, which operated on the Central Coast until its dissolution in the early 1940s. Another reason was that to some extent, the Cuesta Grade still represented an imposing if not a hazardous segment of the railroad. In February 1910, one of the tunnels collapsed thereby closing the Coast Line for a few weeks (Signor 1994:60-61 ). The proximity of San Luis Obispo based SPR crew likely helped minimize the downtime caused by this cave-in and also facilitated periodic maintenance of the line through this crucial pass. Even on a day-to-day basis, the trek up the Santa Lucia Mountains from San Luis Obispo was an arduous climb for trains, requiring helper engines to pull or push the long chain of cars up Cuesta's south slope (Signor 1994: 118-119; see Figure 3-1 ). On freight trains, these helper locomotives would typically be interspersed at 40-car intervals with one engine toward the end; at Santa Margarita, they would be cut-out of the chain and either retuned to San Luis Obispo directly or used to help southbound trains over the short but steep northern slope. The closing of the gap coupled with the presence of an SPR hub reverberated throughout all economic levels in San Luis Obispo. A short entry in the Tribune from November 1901 noted that demand for rentals was high, real estate values were advancing, and new buildings were being planned (Tognazzini 2001a:121). Part of this boom can be attributed to the influx of SPR workers. Many of the engineers, firemen, and brakemen preferred to live here, as well as the Roundhouse workers, signalmen, dispatchers and others who had to. New subdivisions, with modest cottages, grew up within walking distance of the Roundhouse-between High Street to Lawrence Drive. Others were built on vacant lots north of High Street and near the station [Tritenbach 1989:88]. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 9 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT Figure 3-1 Locomotive pulls a long line of cars up the south slope of the Cuesta Grade; in the background, a plume of smoke rises from a helper engine (Signor 1994). Tritenbach (1989:88) additionally mentions that about a third of the town's working population was employed by the SPR from 1900 to 1960. Although it is uncertain how he arrives at this estimate, the railroad did directly and indirectly create many job opportunities. A manuscript by George Mccarron (n.d.) obtained from the San Luis Obispo Historical Society lists the positions and number of employees at the station: of the more than 100 workers, about 20 were dispatchers and other administrative personnel; approximately 45 were ticket and yard clerks, baggage men, switch operators, freight station personnel, and other workers involved with the loading and unloading of passengers and goods; the remainder were the foremen, machinists, pipe fitters, boiler makers, brick men, hostlers, stationary engineers, cellar packers, and other laborers that made up the roundhouse and maintenance crew. In its early days, the Coast Line primarily served as a carrier of passengers. Advanced automobile travel was still years away, and growing coastal populations provided enough demand for both railroads. In 1912, the Pacific Coast Railway set an all-time company record of 62,319 passengers (Best 1992:63). The SPR had bigger plans for the Coast Line than just a commuter train and immediately began marketing the route to the nation's traveling public. Among the attractions commonly advertised by the railroad were the celebrated Del Monte Hotel 10 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT in Monterey; a variety of hot springs and health resorts found near the depots at Gilroy, Soledad, and Paso Robles; and, of course, the chain of Spanish missions, which served as the architectural inspiration of many of the SPR stations (Signor 1994:51-52). The transportation of goods along the Coast Line was of less importance. The vast majority of the SPR freight moved along the San Joaquin Line, which crossed over the nation's most agriculturally productive region. Meanwhile, the Pacific Coast Railway, which fortuitously ran through Santa Maria, garnered much of the oil- related traffic in the Central Coast during the century's first decade. In time, the volume of freight transported along the Coast Line increased with the expanding and diversifying economy. Eastbound shipments of citrus, apples, and other fruits became more common, and the SPR took an active interest in promoting the consumption of these commodities (Orsi 1975; Signor 1994:46-47). With the completion of the Santa Maria Valley Railroad in 1911, the SPR line in Guadalupe was linked with the oilfields in Palmer (Best 1992:63). Petroleum was also an important industry in the Santa Barbara area, and beginning in 1900, the SPR locomotives themselves were fueled by oil instead of coal (Signor 1994:47). World War I brought a dramatic increase in the movement of freight and people along the Coast Line, but the emergence oflettuce and other vegetable crops in the Salinas, Pajaro, Santa Ynez, and Santa Clara River valleys had a long-term impact on shipping volume during the 1920s. In 1925, the Coast Division of the SPR handled 7.3 million gross tons of general freight between San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara and 8 million between San Luis Obispo and Watsonville Signor 1994:48). In 1923 the original turntable at the San Luis Obispo roundhouse was replaced with a concrete and steel structure (Pavlik 1994:6). Although San Luis Obispo held more importance as a distribution point than an area of production, the Japanese community contributed to the diversification of the local agricultural market by introducing such then exotic vegetables as bush peas, Brussels sprouts, and artichokes. Throughout the 1920s, twelve scheduled daily passenger trains-six southbound and six northbound-ran along the Coast Line Signor 1994:66). As the Depression began to weigh upon the nation's economy in the early 1930s, the SPR was forced to suspend some of these passenger routes. Downturns were similarly felt in freight volume. On the Cuesta Grade, helper freight miles slid 25 percent, and passenger miles fell 33 percent (Signor 1994:87). As is often the case in times of economic hardship, the decade of the 1930s was a period of adaptation and innovation for the SPR (Signor 1994:87-93). In response to growing competition from trucking firms, the company had established the Pacific Motor Transport Company in 1927 to act as a feeder and distribution agency for the railroad; five years later, it created Pacific Motor Trucking, which allowed coordinated train-truck delivery. The SPR had experimented with express delivery in the early 1930s, and the idea was so well received that the Coast Line began overnight service between San Francisco and Los Angeles in 1935. Passenger trains became faster as well. Alignment upgrades and technological improvements reduced the travel time between San Francisco and Los Angeles from 14 hours 45 minutes in 1901 to 9 hours 45 minutes in the late 1930s. The new GS Class 4-8-4 locomotives that operated on the daily Coast Line Daylight runs were also powerful enough to be used as helpers on the Cuesta Grade. In 1940, the San Luis Obispo terminal added a 65,000-gallon water tank to fill the boilers of the steam-driven engines (Pavlik 1994:6). Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 11 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT In the summer 1939, the SPR transported 6,000 California National Guard soldiers to Camp San Luis Obispo for annual training (Signor 1994: 140). The base, also known as Camp Merriam for a short time, had staged yearly maneuvers since the mid-1930s, and the mass gathering of troops foreshadowed things to come for the Central Coast (Harth et al. 1991). The country was still focused on the day-to-day struggles of the Depression, but the invasion of China by Japan in 1937 and the annexation of Austria and the Sudetenland by Hitler's Germany in 1938 were signs that war was not far off. With the German declaration of war on the United States in January 1942, one month after the bombing of Pearl Harbor by the Japanese, the nation faced a global conflict concentrated in the Pacific and European theatres. The government established a chain of training centers along the Pacific Coast; in addition to Camp San Luis Obispo, nearby military facilities included Camp Roberts near San Miguel and Camp Cooke in the Lompoc-Santa Maria area, which eventually became Vandenberg Air Force Base. The SPR was working overtime to move thousands of servicemen and several million tons of military equipment while still maintaining its scheduled civilian passenger and freight routes. To alleviate bottlenecks on the Cuesta Grade caused by this tremendous volume, a centralized traffic control system was installed in San Luis Obispo in 1942. The workforce at the roundhouse reached peak levels Signor 1994:143). In 1943, a new depot was built in the Spanish Mission style, while the original depot was converted into a railroad office (Pavlik 1994:8). When World War II ended in 1945 and the SPR had returned the bulk of troops back home, the company anticipated the post-war economic boom by again introducing marketing and technological innovations to its service. "Piggybacking"-the concept of placing truck trailers on flatbed railcars-was initiated in 1953 (Signor 1994:150). In the mid-1950s, the SPR began in earnest replacing its steam engines with diesel-fueled locomotives. The new diesel-powered fleet was more fuel efficient and require less maintenance, a factor that ultimately precipitated downsizing at San Luis Obispo and other Coast Line stations. In 1957, the steam engine maintenance and hostler positions at the San Luis Obispo terminal were discontinued. The centralized traffic control system was relocated to the Bay Area (Signor 1994:159, 164). Two years later, the roundhouse was tom down, thus bringing to an end San Luis Obispo's almost 60-year tenure as a railroad town (Tritenbach 1989:91). 3.1.4 Modern Period, 1959-Present Since the 1920s, cars and trucks have been the primary means to move people and goods over short distances; in many ways, they complimented the long-distance transportation services offered by the railroad. Air flight, whose importance in warfare become evident during World War II, was little more than a novelty in the commercial world before 1945. By the 1960s and 1970s, however, the tractor-trailer truck had replaced the freight train as the dominant mode of long-haul shipping, and airline travel had become affordable, convenient, and considerably faster. Freight traffic along the Coast Line dwindled, and in 1971, the SPR turned passenger operations over to Amtrak. That same year, the original depot in San Luis Obispo was tom down. In 1993, the roundhouse turntable bridge was dismantled, although the existing depot has remained basically unaltered and the water tower still stands as a reminder of the days of steam- driven locomotives (Pavlik 1994). In the mid-1990s, the Union Pacific Railroad acquired the SPR. The scenic Coast Line still attracts state travelers and tourists; currently, one northbound and three southbound Amtrak trains leave from the San Luis Obispo station daily. 12 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 3.2 SITE-SPECIFIC HISTORY In 1870, surveyors Harris and Ward produced a map of San Luis Obispo showing the city limits, San Luis Obispo Creek and other drainages, real estate parcels and their owners, and selected structures as well as existing and planned city streets. Although at the time much of the current study area was outside the city boundaries and thus not depicted, the northern end of the project corridor does lie within the property of Tomas Herrera. A listing of land petitions compiled by Bertrando ( 1996) indicates that Herrera received title to the 17-acre parcel in 1872 and that he had lived on the land for more than 10 years. A plat accompanying Herrera's petition shows a small structure toward the back of that lot and north of San Luis Obispo Creek; the precise location of the building is difficult to determine but it was probably just southwest of the project corridor near the intersection of Pacific and Pepper streets. The plat indicates that the 3-acre parcel of Jesus Gonzales, who had settled on the property in 1852, overlaps the portion of the study area just south of the creek. Herrera additionally owned a 13-acre plot outside the city limit, which included at least half, if not most of the project area. In 1886, construction on the Coast Line had reached Templeton, less than 20 miles from San Luis Obispo. By this time it is likely that most of the larger plots around town had been subdivided into smaller properties, which complicated the task of acquiring ROW for the SPR once efforts to extend the railroad farther south finally resumed in the early 1890s (Nicholson 1993). An 1894 City map confirms that only a few multi-acre parcels remained within the city limit and that the ROW passes through mostly single-residence plots; the map as well as an undated City plat book indicate that the project corridor was part of the Loomis & Co. Addition and the Deleissiguez Tract. Despite the degree of subdivision, two photographs from the 1890s show that the railroad ran through a rural environment with farmhouses scattered between orchards, crops, and otherwise undeveloped land. A panoramic image taken from the hillside east of town depicts the railroad ROW, but the depot does not appear to have been constructed as yet, suggesting the photo may date to 1892 or 1893 (Figure 3-2). A wooden bridge spans the railroad at Fairview Street, as labeled on the 1894 map. Another photo dating between 1894 and 1905 shows a closer view of the Fairview Street Bridge along with the precursor of the Johnson Avenue Underpass Figure 3-3). It is likely that given the height of the grade relative to the road, the SPR found it necessary to build a structure that would convey traffic under the line. The earthen walls of this narrow, one-lane subway are reinforced by masonry. Probably about the same time the initial underpass was built, a wooden truss bridge was constructed across San Luis Obispo Creek Figure 3-2); the structure is similar in architecture and materials to a contemporaneous railroad bridge at Monterey Street (San Luis Obispo Reporter 1958). Both bridges appear to have been replaced in 1901 when the SPR likely effected upgrades to the railway after the completion of the Coast Line in that same year. The existing bridge at San Luis Obispo Creek bears the date 1901" embossed on its western girder. Figure 3-2 additionally depicts a homestead just downstream from the previous bridge, which possibly corresponds to the building plotted on the 1872 Herrera Plat. An aerial photograph indicates that by the 1930s the vicinity west of the project area had become filled in with residences, while the land to the east remained predominantly agricultural. The underpass and the two bridges are present, but no other structures appear in the study area. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 13 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT Figure 3-2 Panorama of San Luis Obispo circa early 1890s (courtesy San Luis Obispo County Historical Society). Labeled features include: (A) Fairview Street Bridge; (8) predecessor of the Johnson Avenue underpass; and (C) wooden truss bridge spanning San Luis Obispo Creek. The site of the SPR depot (far left) appears vacant, but the Ramona Hotel is to the far right. Figure 3-3 A segment of the project corridor circa 1894-1905 (courtesy San Luis Obispo County Historical Society). Underpass in center; Fairview Street Bridge at right. The city street car is parked on Essex Street just before San Luis Obispo Creek. The San Luis Street Railway operated until 1905 (Krieger 1988). 14 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT In the mid-1950s, the City, probably in conjunction with the SPR, undertook a project to widen the underpass (Figure 3-4). A plaque commemorating the opening of the Johnson A venue underpass in 1957 lists local firm Madonna Construction Company as the contractor and H. Neil Warren as the engineering consultant. The existing bridge was also installed at the same time, although research could not reveal any details about its construction. The Fairview Street Bridge was removed during or shortly after the construction of the underpass and bridge (City 1998; Ochs 2006). Figure 3-4 Construction on the Johnson Avenue underpass circa 1956-1957 (courtesy San Luis Obispo County Historical Society). The project required that the railroad be temporarily diverted along the graded path. A 1952 map of the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Station depicts the various structures within the complex (Signor 1994:218-219). Just north of the main depot were five small buildings-two storerooms, the section foreman's office, the roadmaster's house, and the roadmaster's office and engineer's quarters. The first three, if not all five, of these structures once stood within the APE. Also located within the study area was a herder's shanty just east of the tracks near the intersection of Ruth and Church streets. In addition, a telephone shanty and three tool houses were immediately south of the Fairview Street Bridge on the west side of the tracks; a tool house was south of the bridge on the east side of the tracks. The map shows a footbridge crossing the railroad at the terminus of Toro Street, where the railway divides from two to three tracks; this narrow bridge does not appear on any other available maps or photographs. None of these structures remains standing within the project APE. The features of the railroad appear to be regularly maintained. The track within the APE dates to 1987 or 2004, and all of the supporting machinery (e.g., signal devices, switching mechanisms) were observed to be modem (Baloian 2007). No major changes have occurred in the project area since 1957. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 15 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 16 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 4 DESCRIPTION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES A records search for the study vicinity indicated that no previously recorded cultural resources are located within or adjacent to the study area. The current investigation revealed three cultural resources within the APE: archaeological site CA-SL0-253 lH, the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge, and the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge. Both bridges are directly associated with the Coast Line of the SPR, whose history is recounted in the previous chapter. 4.1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE CA-SL0-2531H CA-SL0-2531H is a historical site containing one complete concrete foundation (Feature 1) and one partial concrete foundation (Feature 2). The remains lie about 30 feet from the tracks on the west side of the UPRR ROW, about 1,000 feet north of the depot just before the railroad converges into one track. Feature 1 is 20 by 16 feet with 6-inch-thick walls. The slab floor of the structure is still intact. A 6-foot section of foundation extends from the northwest comer; this section may have supported an exterior wall or been part of an adjoining room. Feature 2 is the scant remnant of a similarly built foundation; two 5-foot-long, 6-inch-thick walls come together to form the northeast comer of the structure. The site encompasses approximately 600 square meters. Railroad debris, which likely dates to the modem period, is sparsely scattered across the site; no diagnostic artifacts were found. The locations of foundations undoubtedly correspond to the telephone shanty and tool houses depicted on the 1952 map of the San Luis Obispo Depot (Signor 1994:218-219; see Section 3.2). A contemporaneous photograph shows that the tool houses were very simple utilitarian buildings with no windows and medium-pitched roofs (Signor 1994:213). The structures were probably built sometime between 1930 and 1950 and removed in the mid-to-late 1950s when the SPR downsized its San Luis Obispo station. 4.2 JOHNSON AVENUE RAILROAD BRIDGE (CA-SL0-2529H) This bridge carries the UPRR rails over Johnson Avenue (Figure 4-1). The single-span through- girder bridge is supported by two simple concrete U-abutments. A commemorative plaque on the southern abutment states that the bridge was constructed in 1957. Closely spaced transverse flange beams, which are connected directly to the riveted steel girders, form the base of the ballasted deck floor system. The walls that retain the ballast are metal sheets that are welded and bolted to the flange angles. Each bridge seat has been strengthened by steel supports. These supports, which are of different manufacture than other members of the bridge, appear to be a later addition. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 17 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT Figure 4-1 Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge; facing east. 4.3 SAN LUIS OBISPO CREEK RAILROAD BRIDGE (CA-SL0-2530H) This bridge carries the UPRR over San Luis Obispo Creek (Figure 4-2). The single-span through-girder bridge is supported on abutments fashioned from granite blocks. These abutments are simple breast abutments with stepped-down wings . One granite block of the southern abutment was removed and replaced with a poured concrete block, within which a USGS benchmark was placed. Transverse floor beams are connected directly to the girders. Pairs of short stringer spans are riveted to each floor beam. Lateral angles, which provide additional support, are riveted to the same plate used to attach the floor beams to the girders. A small metal plate embossed 1901" is attached to the center of the northern girder. The rust preventative applied to this bridge is badly weathered and peeling. Overall, it appears to have had little modification. The bridge was constructed the same year the "gap" was closed, but it is likely that it was built after March 31, 1901 when the Coast Line officially opened. Signor (1994:21) explains that the last spike actually had been driven as early as December 30, 1900 and that the subsequent three months were spent ballasting and surfacing the track, erecting water facilities and other supporting buildings, and working out the details of operation. It does not seem probable that the SPR would divert manpower away from these tasks at such a critical time; rather, it is more plausible that the railroad replaced the wooden structure across San Luis Obispo Creek with the current bridge following the christening of the line when there was more time and labor available to undertake its construction. 18 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo l r r r l L L D HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT Figure 4-2 San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge; facing northeast. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 19 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 20 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 5 FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS In 1994 Caltrans evaluated the historical significance of the San Luis Obispo train station and found the terminal eligible for inclusion in the NRHP as a historic railroad district; the California Office of Historic Preservation concurred with this determination (Pavlik 1994). The San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District includes existing and nonextant structures directly related to the operation of the terminal. Although the boundaries of the original district did not include the current APE, Caltrans advised that the district be expanded to incorporate the three resources identified in this study (Wilson 2007). Along with site records for CA-SL0-2529H, -2530H, and -253 lH, Appendix A contains a primary record for the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District with a revised map of the district showing its expanded boundaries. Consequently, the three resources are evaluated below as potential contributors to the district. 5.1 FINDINGS 5.1.1 Archaeological Site CA-SL0-2531H Archaeological site CA-SL0-2531H represents the foundational remains of three tool houses and a telephone shanty located at the northern end of the San Luis Obispo train station (Signor 1994). Based on an aerial photograph and a map of the station, the structures were probably built sometime between 1930 and 1950 and removed in the mid-to-late 1950s. The virtual absence of historical artifacts on the surface suggests that the site lacks significant subsurface deposits. Given its limited information potential, CA-SL0-253 lH does not appear to be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D. For these same reasons, it does not contribute to the significance of the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. 5.1.2 Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H) The Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge was built in 1957 during the period of significance ( 1901- 1959) when the Coast Line was still a major mode of transportation and the railroad industry occupied a central position in the state and national economy. The bridge is not, however, a good representation of that period, particularly since it was built toward the end of that era and lacks association with any special event. In general, it does not effectively convey the importance of the Coast Line during the first half of the twentieth century (Criterion A). The bridge is not associated with any significant persons that would qualify it as a historic resource under Criterion B. The 1948 Railway Engineering and Maintenance Cyclopedia considered this bridge type and construction method common enough that it is discussed first and in the greatest detail in the bridge section of the manual (Howard 1948). It is not architecturally distinct (Criterion C), nor does it contribute to the history of bridge construction (Criterion D). Thus, the bridge does not appear individually eligible under any of the four NRHP criteria, nor does it contribute to the significance of the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. It should be noted that the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge is included as one of the 21 historical features and structures listed in the Railroad District Plan (City 1998). The plan Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 21 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT primarily outlines a strategy for community development and historic preservation and was not part of the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District originally defined by Caltrans. While the City's inventory contains the structures that comprise the NRHP district, other historical structures, like the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge, have been included due to their association and proximity to the railroad and not necessarily because of their demonstrated historical significance. Thus, although it is not eligible for the NRHP, nor is it a contributing element of the NRHP district, the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge does merit consideration as a resource of local interest. 5.1.3 San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2530H) The San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge was constructed in 1901 at the onset of the same period of significance (1901-1959). The bridge is not associated with any significant persons, such as a prominent engineer or bridge architect (Criterion B). The San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge is identical to the structure that carries the UPRR rails over Monterey Street two blocks away. As noted above, the through-girder construction is common; the bridge is therefore not architecturally distinct, nor does it contribute to the history of bridge construction (Criteria C and D). The bridge was not the original structure that carried the first train across the creek in 1894 when the SPR arrived in San Luis Obispo. Moreover, it is likely that the bridge was constructed after the completion of the line in March 1901 when the rail company could devote more time and manpower to upgrading the older elements of the railway. Nevertheless, the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge functioned throughout virtually the entire period of significance for the railroad in general as well as during the heyday of the SPR San Luis Obispo station. Moreover, it has essentially remained unaltered and retains integrity. Consequently, based on its association with important events and developments (Criterion A), the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge appears to be a contributing element of the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. 5.2 CONCLUSIONS Two of the resources within the project APE do not meet the criteria to be considered eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. The Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge, although not eligible for the NRHP, is listed in the City's Railroad District and is therefore considered a resource oflocal interest (5Sl). One resource, the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge, is a contributor to the NRHP-eligible San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District (3D). Properties Evaluated as Not Eligible for the NRHP Resource Name Foundations Johnson A venue Railroad Bridge Trinomial Primary Number Community CA-SL0-253 lH P-40-002531 San Luis Obispo, CA CA-SL0-2529H P-40-002529 San Luis Obispo, CA OHP Status Map Code Ref. 6Z 5Sl 1 2 Properties Evaluated as Contributors to an NRHP-Eligible District Primary OHP Map Resource Name Trinomial Number Community Status Code Ref. San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge CA-SL0-2530H P-40-002531 San Luis Obispo, CA 3D #3 22 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo Baloian, Randy HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 6 REFERENCES 2007 Archaeological Survey Report for the Railroad Safety Trail in the City ofSan Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California. Applied EarthWorks, Inc., Fresno, California. Submitted to the City of San Luis Obispo Public Works Department and California Department of Transportation, San Luis Obispo. Bertrando, Betsy 1996 Annotated Index to the Historic Documents "Petitions for Land in the City of San Luis Obispo. " Bertrando and Bertrando Research Consultants, San Luis Obispo, California. Best, Gerald M. 1992 The Pacific Coast Company. Signature Press, Wilton, California. City of San Luis Obispo (City) 1998 Railroad District Plan. City of San Luis Obispo, Community Development. Harth, Stan, Liz Krieger, and Dan Krieger (editors) 1991 War Comes to the Middle Kingdom, Volume 1: 1939-1942. EZ Nature Books, San Luis Obispo, California. Howard, Neal D. (editor) 1948 Railway Engineering & Maintenance Cyclopedia. 7th ed. Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation, Chicago, Illinois. Krieger, Daniel E. 1985 When Presidents Rode the Rails to San Luis Obispo. San Luis Obispo County, Telegram-Tribune. 9 March. 1988 Looking Backward into the Middle Kingdom: San Luis Obispo County. Windsor Publications, Northridge, California. Mccarron, George n.d. Retrospective of S.P. terminal employees at San Luis Obispo. Manuscript on file, San Luis Obispo County Historical Society. Nicholson, Loren 1993 Rails across the Ranchos. California Heritage Publication Associates, San Luis Obispo, California. Ochs, Allan 2006 Researcher, San Luis Obispo County Historical Society, personal communication, 9November. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 23 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT Orsi, Richard J. 1975 The Octopus Reconsidered: The Southern Pacific and Agricultural Modernization in California, 1865-1915. California Historical Quarterly LIV(Fall):197-220. Pavlik, Robert C. 1994 Historic Architectural Survey Report, San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. California Department of Transportation, District 5, San Luis Obispo. San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune (Tribune) 1895 Grain Shipping: Why the Rates Vary in this County. 16 August. 1989 100 Years Ago. 6 February:C7. San Luis Obispo Reporter 1958 Drawing of Monterey Street Railroad Bridge. 18 December:l. Thompson and West 1883 History ofSan Luis Obispo County, California, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers. San Francisco, California. Signor, John R. 1994 Southern Pacific's Coast Line. Signature Press, Wilton, California. Tognazzini, Wilmar N. (compiler) 24 1989 Statistics of the Port. January 15 through January 21. In 100 Years Ago, 1889: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune and the Daily Republic, p. 8. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1991a February 11 through February 18. In 100 Years Ago, 1891: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 17. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1991b Various Notes. March 11 through March 17. In 100 Years Ago, 1891: Excerpts.from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 31. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1994a Cattle Shipping. May 29 through June 4. In 100 Years Ago, 1894: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 71. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1994b The Great Jubilee. May 1 through May 7. In 100 Years Ago, 1894: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, pp. 59-60. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1994c Huntington Arrived. February 20 through February 26. In JOO Years Ago, 1894: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 24. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 1994d More Improvement. May 15 through May 21. In JOO Years Ago, 1894: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 67. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1995 One Year Ago Today the Iron House Reached Our City. April 30 through May 6. In 100 Years Ago, 1891: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 45. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1996 Grain Shipping. An Average Here of a Thousand Sacks Daily since July First. July 26 through August 1. In J00 Years Ago, 1896: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune and Breeze, pp. 72-73. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1997 The Union Creamery: It's Doing a Rushing Business Just Now. March 30 through April 5. In 100 Years Ago, 1897: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 29. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1998 Shipping Stock: Hunting Pasture to Tide Over Dry Year. April 5 through April 11. In 100 Years Ago, 1898: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 43. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 1999a Glimpses of the Silver Lining. March 26 through April 1. J 00 Years Ago, 1899. On line edition, http://wntog.tripod.com/99.html, accessed October 2006. Wilmar N. Tognazzini, Morro Bay, California. 1999b Pacific Coast Railway Notes. August 13 through August 19. J00 Years Ago, 1899. On line edition, http://wntog.tripod.com/99.html, accessed October 2006. Wilmar N. Tognazzini, Morro Bay, California. 2001a The County's Progress. November 17 through November 23. In 100 Years Ago, 1901: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 121. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. 2001b We Greet McKinley. May 5 through May 11. In 100 Years Ago, 1901: Excerpts from the San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune, p. 50. W. N. Tognazzini, San Luis Obispo, California. Tribune, see San Luis Obispo Morning Tribune Tritenbach, Paul 1989 San Luis Obispo Discoveries. Excellence Press, San Luis Obispo, California. Wilson, Kelda 2006 Caltrans Principal Investigator-Prehistoric Archaeologist, electronic correspondence, 13 November. 2007 Section 106 Update, Railroad Safety Trail Phase III. Memorandum to Cathy Stettler, Associate Environmental Planner. California Department of Transportation, District 5, San Luis Obispo. Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 25 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 7 PREPARERS QUALIFICATIONS WENDY M. NETTLES, RPA Historical Archaeologist/Architectural Historian M.A. Anthropology, Florida State University, 1996. B.A. Anthropology, Florida State University, 1993. Ms. Nettles specializes in historical archaeology and architectural history. She has performed architectural evaluations of structures throughout California. Ms. Nettles has researched, excavated, and analyzed extensive collections from Spanish colonial sites as well as post- colonial urban and rural contexts. Her experience includes working in various capacities on archaeological survey, testing, and data recovery excavations of both prehistoric and historical sites throughout California, the American Southwest, and the southeastern United States. Currently Ms. Nettles' roles include historian, field supervisor, and architectural historian. She has overseen large testing and mitigation projects in Sacramento and San Luis Obispo, participating in all phases of the investigations from prefield historical research through postfield studies and report preparation. RANDY BALOIAN Historian/ Archaeologist M.A. Anthropology, University of California, Davis, 1989. B.A. Anthropology, California State University, Fresno, 1986. In addition to archaeological survey, Mr. Baloian has performed archival research for a variety of projects in the Central Valley, Sierra Nevada foothills, and central California coast. Since 2004, he has regularly conducted cultural resources investigations for the City of San Luis Obispo. Most of these studies involve archival research and an examination of both the general historical themes of San Luis Obispo (e.g., railroads, ethnic enclaves, etc.) and the chronology of urban development in the project-specific areas. 26 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 8 MAPS The following maps show the project vicinity (Map 1), project location (Map 2), and project Area of Potential Effects for architectural resources (Map 3). Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 27 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT 28 Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo n D D D D C C D D u HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT Pacific Ocean Point ===-=" Co nception I I J_ __ Santa Barbara Channel MAP 1 PROJECT VICINITY Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo tN 10 20 Mil es 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4A1954 30 29 HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT f TA I J r I I l Rad ,o -:fox,er l<V E C) Water TanJ,. Confidential: Not for Public Distribution U.S.G .S. 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle San Luis Obispo, CA T 30 S-R 12 E 1965, Photorevised 1979 MAP 2 PROJECT LOCATION 30 0 P rospec t· I cb I I I i tN Miles Contour Interval : 40 Feet 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4A1954 2~5 , 1" I I Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo 0 n n l D 0 C HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT J J J 0 D u MAP 3 AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo I I I \ ,," ..:.,"\ \., -~'<' . .,_, 0 100 200 Feet 05-SLO-O-SLO RPSTPLE 5016 (037) EA 05-4A 1954 LEGEND Railroad Safety Trail Area of Potential Effects 31 APPENDIX A California DPR 523 Forms Documenting Cultural Resources State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION PRIMARY RECORD Page 1 of 2 Other Listings Review Code Primary# HRI# Trinomial NRHP Status Code Reviewer P1. Temporary Number/Resource Name: San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District Date P2. Location: a. County: San Luis Obispo • Not for Publication b. USGS 7.5' Quad: San Luis Obispo, CA Date 1965 (photo revised 1979) c. Address: 1076 Railroad A venue, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 D Unrestricted T30S; R12E; Section 26,35 B.M.MD d. UTM: NAO 1927, Zone 10; northern terminus: 713635 mE / 3906750 mN southern terminus: 713600 mE / 3905350 mN depot 713500 mE / 3906100 mN e. Other Locational Data: Within the city limits of San Luis Obispo, the district extends along the railroad from the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge to the former site of the roundhouse, a distance of about 1 mile. Located approximately in the center of the district, the San Luis Obispo Train Station lies near the intersection of Santa Rosa Street and Railroad Avenue. P3a. Description: The district consists of existing structures and the archaeological remains of nonextant structures directly associated with the Southern Pacific Railroad, which first arrived in San Luis Obispo in 1894. These structures include the train station, transportation building, warehouse, water tower, foundational remains of the roundhouse, switching building, foundational remains of tool houses and a telephone shanty (CA-SL0-253 lH; P-40-002531 ), the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H; P-40-002529), and the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge CA-SL0-2530H; P-40-002530). The last three resources have been added to the original elements of the district as a result of studies in 2006 (see expanded boundaries on attached location map). P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) AH2 (foundations/structure pads), HP 17 (railroad depot), HP19 bridge) P4. Resources Present: D Building D Structure D Object D Site • District D Element of District D Other: P5a. Photograph or Drawing (photograph required for buildings, structures, and objects): None P5b. Description of Photo: P6. Date Constructed/Age: 1894 D Prehistoric P7. Owner and Address: Union Pacific Railroad Historic D Both PB. Recorded By: R. Baloian; Applied Earth Works, Inc., 5090 N. Fruit Ave. #101, Fresno, CA 93711 P9. Date Recorded: April 5, 2007 P10. Survey Type: • Intensive D Reconnaissance D Other Describe: Surveyed areas along railroad track in San Luis Obispo P11. Report Citation: Nettles, Wendy, and Randy Baloian 2007 Historical Resources Evaluation Report for the Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California. Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, California. Submitted to the City of San Luis Obispo and the California Department of Transportation. Pavlik, Robert C. 1994 Historic Architectural Survey Report, San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. California Department of Transportation, District 5, San Luis Obispo. Attachments: D NONE DPR 523A (1/95) D Building, Structure, and Object Record D Photograph Record Location Map D Archaeological Record D Milling Station Record D Other (list): D Site/Sketch Map D District Record D Rock Art Record D Continuation Sheet D Linear Feature Record D Artifact Record Primary.doc[8-5-04] State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP Page 2 of 2 Primary# P- HRI #/Trinomial CA- Temporary Number/Resource Name: San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District Radio T'o~.·er c (KV{C) I .wate,.) ,I Tan~ " ' 1 1 Radio Station KS8Y-TV) ~-I L «+ erro ! _~'. ·. \ ; an Luis Ot!is po , ~ ·c,1 . I ~1,1 ~ •. i Water . Tank Confidential : Not for Public Distribution DPR 523J (1/95) U.S.G .S . 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle San Luis Obispo, CA T 30 S - R 12 E 1965 , Photorevised 1979 0 Prospect· I ~' ' ,-, I G'BIS!?O 1 2'5 , 0:;, I Prepared by Applied Earthworks, Inc . tN y, Miles Contour Interval : 40 Feet r D f r L .. : tate of California Memorandum File rom DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Bob Pavlik District 05 Date File No. Business, Transportation and Housing Agency February 17, 1994 SLO/SPRR Historic District E.A. 633901 Appears Eligible ubject Architectural Inventory /Evaluation Form 1. Common Name: San Luis Obispo/Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District 2. Historic Name: Southern Pacific Railroad Depot 3. Street Address: 1076 Railroad Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 4. Parcel Number: 5. Present Owner: Southern Pacific Transportation Company, 1 Market Plaza, San Francisco, California (Privately owned) 6. Present Use: Railroad 7. Original use: Railroad 7a. Architectural Style: Spanish Colonial Revival and Railroad vernacular 7b. Physical Description: The railroad station and support area is comprised of a group of structures, dating from the late nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century that comprise the vestiges of a once vibrant passenger, freight and railroad maintenance facility. The buildings vary in type from simple board and batten to stucco and steel. The district begins at the intersection of Santa Rosa Street and Railroad Avenue, and continues south along the tracks to the site of the turntable and roundhouse east of Roundhouse Avenue. The district boundary falls within the confines of the railroad right-of-way, and except for that portion that crosses over the tracks at the northern end to encompas·s-the·· water tower;· the-district continues south along the western side of the tracks. Because the trackage has changed over time in response to the needs of the railroad operation, the tracks are considered a functional and integral component of the ongoing operation itself, and therefore not a contributing el-ement to the historic district. Pleas_e s_ee the indiv.:i.0,ual building evaluation sheets for more complete descriptions. 8. Construction date(s): est. 1895-1943 9. Architect: Southern Pacific Railroad 10. Builder: SPRR ll. Approximate property size: n/a 12. Date(s) of photographs: September, 1993. 13. Condition: Excellent z Good z Fair z Deteriorated z 14. Alterations: See individual building evaluation forms 15. Surroundings: Railroad yards; commercial/industrial; residences 16. Threats to site: Neglect, vandalism, proposed development 17. The structure is: On its original site z moved unknown 18. Related features: See individual building evaluation forms 19. Significance: The San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District represents the remaining buildings and features associated with the arrival and development of the railroad in the city of San Luis Obispo. The buildings span the time period of the Southern Pacific's height of importance in the county, from 1895 to 1943. The advent of the Southern Pacific in San Luis Obispo County brought guaranteed growth and economic prosperity to this once remote Central California county. The remaining buildings and structures reflect the diversity of Southern Pacific Railroad architecture, from the utilitarian warehouse 1895) to the simple yet attractive Spanish Colonial Revival depot (1943). The water tower (1940) and roundhouse foundation 1895) are remnants of an obsolete technology. Together these related resources point to the important role that the railroad played in the development and maturation of the city of San Luis Obispo. The surrounding residential neighborhood, although not a part of this historic district, is also testimony to the importance of the railroad in this city's history, as almost five hundred individuals were employed at the Southern Pacific yard during its heyday. The continued growth of the community and the county, from the expanded agricultural opportunities to the establishment of a state college (1903) and the location of several nearby military bases during World War II were due, at least in part, to the presence of the Southern Pacific Railroad in San Luis Obispo County. The district appears to meet National Register criteria (a) and c). Of the eight properties evaluated, five are considered to be cm1tributors, two are non-contributors (the bus shelter and the switching building), and one property was demolished during the study phase (the turntable). 20. Main theme of the historic resource: Architecture x Economic/Industrial x 21. Sources: See bibliography in the HASR 22. Date form prepared: February 18, 1994 by: Robert C. Pavlik Caltrans P.O. Box 8114 San Luis Obispo, CA 93403-8114 State of California Business, Transportation and Housing Agency Memorandum To File Date File No. September 7, 1993 SLO Train Depot E.A. 633901 Appears Eligible From DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Bob Pavlik Subject District 05 Architectural Inventory/Evaluation Form 1. Common name: San Luis Obispo Train Station 2. Historic name: San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Depot 3. Street address: 1076 Railroad Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 4. Parcel number: 5. Present Owner: Southern Pacific Railroad, 1 Market Plaza, San Francisco, CA (privately owned) 6. Present use: train depot 7. Original use: train depot 7a. Architectural style: Spanish Colonial Revival 7b. Physical Description: This Spanish Colonial Revival style train station is comprised of a square two story office tower flanked on two sides by single story wings of different heights. The building is wooden balloon frame construction faced with white stucco. A decorative frieze of tile runs underneath the roof eaves. A brick chimney protrudes approximately four feet from the south side of the tower roof. The entire structure is roofed in red tile; the roof of the tower is hipped, while the wings have simple gable roofs. The south wing roofline extends downward in both directions (east and west) to form covered walkways. These porches are supported by decorative capitals and massive 12" diameter eight-sided columns, set on a concrete base. There is an open breezeway between the tower and the north wing. Simple vertical indentations are embossed into the tower's exterior, giving the structure an interesting architectural detail and providing the plain white surfaces much needed relief. Two sets of tall arched four-light over two-light windows are located-in the s-econd story of the tower in the-east and west elevations. The north wing has a series of seven rectangular aluminum frame sliding windows, presumably installed in place of the original wood frame windows. Two exterior wall mounted air conditioning units are attached to the outside of the north wing. The south wing houses the waiting room and ticket office. Although the ceiling and floor have been replaced, and the ticket booth relocated and modernized, the south wing retains much of its original appearance and character. The east and west entries are virtually identical. The double wooden doors are surrounded with brick. There is a wooden canopy that extends over the doorway, and a four-light transom window above the canopy. The doorway is flanked on both sides by a series of windows, four lights above, eight lights through the middle, and four lights below. The middle window at the bottom of the series is a drop or hopper window. All doors and door hardware appear to be original. The doors are wooden frame with large clear glass panels and decorative iron handles. The benches appear to be original. Restrooms are located on the ground floor of the tower section. They have been remodeled for wheelchair accessibility. The south gable end of the south wing has a decorative tile vent in the gable wall, directly under the ridge. Below that is a false lintel over four two-light windows in a transom-like treatment. There is a large (8.5' wide by 10' high) opening in the wall with a roll-up metal door. To the right of the door are two four-light windows, and below them, two two-light drop or hopper style windows. The area surrounding the train depot and parking lot was re- landscaped in 1987; however, there are some stately Canary Island palm trees (Phoenix canariensis) both near the depot and across from it, adjacent to the water tower, that warrant mention. 8. Construction Date: January-September, 1943. 9. Architect: unknown [Southern Pacific] 10. Builder: Theodore Maino: Maino Construction Company 11. Approx. property size: 157' x 38' 10 11 12. photo: 13. Condition: Excellent 14. Alterations: Site Improvements included paving of the parking lot, installation of a curb and gutter, lighting, landscaping and irrigation, and a pedestrian shelter. Interior alterations included relocating and renovating the ticket counter, new ceiling, lighting, and ceramic tile floor in the lobby, and retr-ofit of restrooms to make them wheelchair accessible. All work took place between March-December, 1987 by A.J. Diani Construction Company, Inc. of Santa Maria. 15. surroundings: industrial and commercial. 16. Threats to site: none known. 17. The structure is on its original site. 18. Related features: 19. Significance: The San Luis Obispo train depot is significant both architecturally and historically, and appears to be eligible for listing to the National Register of Historic Places under criteria (a) and (c). Architecturally it is an understated yet elegant example of Spanish Colonial Revival architecture, popularized during the 1915 fairs held in San Diego and San Francisco to commemorate the opening of the Panama Canal. Spanish Colonial Revival was an outgrowth of the Mission Revival style, which was widely used in railroad stations throughout California at the turn of the century. Historically it is unusual to see structures built during World War II survive into the modern era. Many buildings erected at the time were of the roost rudimentary design and construction, given the paucity of building materials available and the lack of qualified civilian architects, draftsmen, and builders to carry out such projects. That the San Luis Obispo train station was built during the height of the war is testimony to the importance of the railroad to the central coast, and to the war effort on the home front. Camp Roberts and Camp San Luis Obispo were two of the largest training camps for army troops in the United States, serving as training grounds for almost 500,000 military personnel during the war years. In addition, the nearby proximity of other military reservations, including Fort Hunter Liggett in southern Monterey County and Camp Cooke in northern Santa Barbara County meant that many thousands of troops were pouring through San Luis Obispo's train station daily. The shabby and inadequate facilities that greeted them were replaced with a modern structure that emphasized San Luis Obispo's romantic Hispanic past, while its utilitarian nature indicated the importance of train travel in modern life. 20. Main theme of the historic resource: Architecture (1), Military (2), Economic/Industrial (3) 21. Sources: Dan Krieger, "A Continuing View of our Past," La Vista vol. 4 no. 2 (1981). Lucille Sanders Recalls: Gis and Mice·crowded Depot," La Vista vol. 4 no. 2 (1981). San Luis Obispo Telegram-Tribune, January 9, 1943; August 31, 1943; September 4, 1943; September 6, 1943; August 15, 1984; December 11, 1987. Letter, Wayne A. Peterson, City of San Luis Obispo Engineer to Michael J. Diani, Diani Construction Company, Inc., February 27, 1987. 22 • Date f_onn .prepared: S_eptemher 7-, 199 3 by Robert C. Pavlik, Associate Environmental Planner District 05, Department of Transportation P.O. Box 8114 San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 805.549.3621 State of California Business, Transportation and Housing Agency Memorandum To File Date File No. February 18, 1994 SP Transportation Building E.A. 633901 Appears Eligible From DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Bob Pavlik Subject District 05 Architectural Inventory/Evaluation Form 1. Common Name: Southern Pacific Transportation Company Building 2. Historic Name: Same as above 3. Street Address: 1076 Railroad Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401. 4. Parcel Number: 5. Present Owner: Southern Pacific Railroad, 1 Market Plaza, San Francisco, CA (privately owned) 6. Present use: offices 7. Original use: same 7a. Architectural Style: utilitarian 7b. Physical Description: This simple rectangular single-story structure is of wood balloon frame construction. The exterior walls are covered in stucco. The hipped gable roof is covered in asphalt shingles, underneath which is a layer of split shake shingles. The roof's end beams are exposed, and there is metal guttering and downspouts all around. A brick chimney protrudes from the southwest quadrant of the roof. The north wall has one wooden door along with one double hung sash window, 3/1. The west wall has one wooden door set into the middle of the wall with a 3-lite transom above the door. There is one additional 3-lite window and two double hung sash windows, 3/1. The outline of a covered over freight door can be seen in the wall. Th'e south wall has one glass door with wooden frame and a boarded up transom above. The east wall, facing the railroad tracks, has two double hung sash windows, 3/1; one ten foot by ten foot wooden cargo door; one glass door with wooden frame and a boarded up transom above; and two plate glass windows with five square fixed lights above each rectangular pane of glass. 8. Construction date: estimated 1901-1913. 9. Architect: unknown [Southern Pacific] 10. Builder: unknown 11. Approx. property size: 25' x 75 1 12. Photo: 13. Condition: good 14. Alterations: Stucco applied to exterior walls; covering of the original split shake shingles with asphalt shingles; one of the double hung sash windows on the east wall has had a series of three vertical metal bars installed as an anti-intruder device. 15. Surroundings: industrial and commercial. 16. Threats to site: none known. 17. The structure is on its original site. 18. Related features: none. 19. Significance: Along with the San Luis Obispo train station, the water tank, warehouse, and roundhouse foundation, the Southern Pacific Transportation building appears to be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places under Criteria (a). The structure appears to date from the time period when Edward H. Harriman controlled the Southern Pacific (1901-1913). The building resembles other similar structures that were built during Harriman's tenure, and is evident of his zeal for standardization and uniformity. Its significance comes in regard to its association with the other nearby railroad-related structures, as it is an early and extant example of the once- large complex of rail facilities at San Luis Obispo. 20. Main theme of the historic resource: economic/industrial. 21. Sources: John Snyder, Chief, Architectural and Historical Studies, Environmental Division, Caltrans, personal communication, October 18, 1993. 22. Date form prepared: February 18, 1994 by Robert c. Pavlik, Associate Environmental Planner District 05, Department of Transportation P.O. Box 8114 San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 805.549.3621 State of California Business, Transportation and Housing Agency Memorandum To File Date File No. February 18, 1994 SLO Train Depot: Warehouse E.A. 633901 Appears Eligible From DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Bob Pavlik Subject District 05 Architectural Inventory/Evaluation Form 1. Common Name: Southern Pacific Warehouse 2. Historic Name: Same 3. Address: Adjacent to Southern Pacific Railroad tracks, south of Railroad Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 4. Parcel Number: 5. Present Owner: Southern Pacific Company, 1 Market Plaza, San Francisco, California (privately owned) 6. Present Use: Vacant 7. Original Use: Warehouse 7a. Architectural style: Utilitarian warehouse 7b. Physical Description: This long, rectangular structure has a truncated gable roof. That is, there is no roof line or peak to the roof; the top of the roof is flat, and the side gables extend down, forming overhanging eaves on both sides of the building. Decorative corbels support the eaves. The roof is sheathed in corrugated metal. The walls are covered in 1 x 6 horizontal wood siding, and the gable ends are faced with wood shingles. A corrugated metal eave protrudes from the south gable. There are four loading doors along the west side of the building, with massive horizontal wooden bumpers. The foundation is both red brick and wood timbers. A loading platform surrounds the structure on the north and east sides; it is composed of brick, concrete, and steel rail. The asphalt in the platform reportedly originated in Price Canyon, approximately ten miles south of San Luis Obispo. The steel rails are embossed with the maker's mark and date, "Scranton 1888 Stee-1." 8. Construction date: estimated 1895 9. Architect: unknown 10. Builder: unknown 11. Approximate property size: 50' x 170' 12. Date of photographs: September 16, 1993 13. Condition: deteriorated 14. Alterations: boarded windows, some of the original doors appear to have been replaced 15. Surroundings: Industrial/commercial 16. Threats to site: homeless individuals, others are occupying the building as a "flophouse" 17. The structure is on its original site. 18. Related features: none. 19. Significance: This property appears to be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places under Criteria (a). The Southern Pacific warehouse is the only surviving structure of a complex of railroad facilities (depot, roundhouse, supply houses, ice house, trainmen's quarters, railroad offices, and other warehouses) built in the mid-1890s, following the completion of the railroad line to San Luis Obispo from Santa Margarita. The building is a reminder of the importance that shipping played in the economic growth and development of the county. The warehouse may have an association with the real estate developer and entrepreneur C.H. Phillips, who was responsible for the development of the town of Templeton. The warehouse was used to store and ship building materials to all parts of the county, and therefore played an important role in the physical development of the city of San Luis Obispo as well as the south county area serviced by the Pacific Coast Railroad. 20. Main theme of the historic resource: economic/industrial 21. Sources: David Eddy, "What Fate Awaits Freight Building?" San Luis Obispo Telegram-Tribune, February 9, 1994, A-1. Historic Resources Inventory: Railroad Warehouse," a DPR 523 completed April, 1983. Krieger, Dan to Wendy Waldron, personal communication. Krieger, Daniel E. Looking Backward into the Middle Kingdom: San Luis Obispo. Northridge: Windsor Press, 1988. Nicholson, Loren. Rails Across the Ranchos. Fresno: Valley Publishers, 1980. 22. Date f_orro prepared: F.ebruary l8 , 19-9 4 by Robert C. Pavlik, Associate Environmental Planner District 05, Department of Transportation P.O. Box 8114 San Luis Obispo, CA 93403-8114 805.549.3621 State of California Business, Transportation and Housing Agency Memorandum To File Date File No. February 18, 1994 SLO Train Depot: Water Tower E.A. 633901 Appears Eligible From DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Bob Pavlik Subject District 05 Architectural Inventory/Evaluation Form 1. Common Name: Southern Pacific Water Tower 2. Historic Name: Same 3. Address: Adjacent to Southern Pacific Railroad tracks, east of Railroad Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 4. Parcel Number: 5. Present Owner: City of San Luis Obispo, 990 Palm Street, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 6. Present Use: none 7. Original Use: Water tower 7a. Architectural style: Utilitarian water tower 7b. Physical Description: A riveted steel water tank, approximately twenty feet in diameter and fifteen feet tall, with a wood cover. A wooden volume indicator panel hangs on the outside of the tank, as well as a length of steel ladder. The tank has a capacity of app. 65,000 gallons. The tank is resting on top of a series of steel rails that serve as the platform for the tank. The platform is approximately 35' above ground level. The tank and platform are supported by twelve 10" x 10 11 wood posts placed on concrete pads 18 11 square. The concrete pads rest on a concrete foundation. There are numerous 4" x 6" cross beams among and between the posts. An 18" diameter steel pipe descends from the bottom of the water tank, makes a ninety degree turn and runs for ten feet before intersecting a forty-five degree elbow, at which point the pipe runs d-ownhi-11 a-nd i-n-to-the ground. 8. Construction date: 1940 9. Architect: unknown 10. Builder: unknown [Southern Pacific] 11. Approximate property size: 25' x 25' 12. Date of photographs: September 16, 1993 13. Condition: Good 14. Alterations: the concrete foundation and pads have been replaced within the last ten years. 15. Surroundings: Railroad/Industrial to the west, residential to the east. 16. Threats to site: vandalism. 17. The structure is on its original site. 18. Related features: Switching building immediately west of the water tank. 19. Significance: This property appears to be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places under Criteria (a). The water tank was erected in 1940 at a cost of $2,130 for the purpose of refilling the boilers on the Southern Pacific Railroad's steam engines. The tank was in use until 1956 when the introduction of diesel-electric engines rendered the water tower obsolete. It is not known how many water towers still survive along the railroad tracks of California and the American West, but because of their obsolescence and perceived rarity, they constitute a resource worthy of preservation. 20. Main theme of the historic resource: economic/industrial 21. Sources: Interpretive sign on display at the Southern Pacific Railroad depot, San Luis Obispo, California. 22. Date form prepared: February 18, 1994 by Robert C. Pavlik, Associate Environmental Planner District 05, Department of Transportation P.O. Box 8114 San Luis Obispo, CA 93403-8114 805.549.3621 State of California Business, Transportation and Housing Agency M e m o ran d u m ro File Date File No. February 18, 1994 SLO Train Depot: Turntable and Roundhouse foundations E.A. 633901 Appears Eligible rom DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Bob Pavlik District 05 ubject Architectural Inventory/Evaluation Form 1. Common Name: Southern Pacific Turntable, Roundhouse foundations only) 2. Historic name: same 3. Address: Adjacent to Southern Pacific Railroad tracks, at the end of Roundhouse Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 4. Parcel Number: 5. Present Owner: Southern Pacific Company, 1 Market Plaza, San Francisco, CA 93401 (privately owned) 6. Present Use: none 7. Original Use: To direct locomotives into the appropriate roundhouse bay for maintenance and repair 7a .. Architectural Style: Utilitarian structures; roundhouse foundations are concrete, flush with ground level surface; turntable pit has been filled in, only the concrete retaining wall with the date 11 1923" is still visible. 7b. Physical description: TURNTABLE: The turntable consisted of a round ring of concrete, approximately 75 feet in diameter, set into the ground two feet deep. The turntable was directly adjacent to the railroad tracks; its east wall formed part of the embankment of the railroad tracks. The date "1923" is embossed in the concrete east wall. The floor of the turntable was concrete. Along the inside diameter of the concrete ring was a steel rail set on wooden ties. The superstructure, known as a "turntable bridge," was made of riveted steel girders with a wooden decking. A graded roadbed leading ·from the railroad tracks to the turntable is still evident, although the rails and ties have been removed. ROUNDHOUSE: Only the concrete foundation of the roundhouse is still intact and visible. The structure was razed in 1959-1960, and the bays backfilled. 8: Gonstr-ucticm dates: ROUNDHOUSE: 1894 TURNTABLE: 1923 9. Architect: unknown [Southern Pacific Company] 10. Builder: unknown 11. Approximate property size: ROUNDHOUSE: 100 1 x 250'; TURNTABLE: 75 1 diameter 12. Photographs: 13. Condition: ROUNDHOUSE: deteriorated; TURNTABLE: deteriorated. 14. Alterations: The roundhouse was razed in 1959-1960; the turntable bridge was removed in November, 1993, and the pit filled in January and February, 1994. 15. Surroundings: Industrial/commercial 16. Threats to site: vandalism, development. 17. The structures are on their original site 18. Related features: none 19. Significance: The turntable was significant both as an engineering artifact and as a historic resource. It was of interest as an engineering artifact because of its use as a device to move steam locomotives into and out of the roundhouse bays for maintenance and repair, and of historic significance as a remnant artifact of the large complex of railroad related facilities that made San Luis Obispo a hub of activity for the Southern Pacific Railroad. 20: Main theme of the historic resource: Economic/industrial 21. Sources: John Snyder, Chief, Architectural and Historical Studies, Environmental Division, Caltrans, personal communication, October 18, 1993. 22. Date form prepared: February 18, 1994 by Robert C. Pavlik, Associate Environmental Planner District 05, Department of Transportation P.O. Box 8114 San Luis Obispo, CA 93403-8114 805.549.3621 tate of California Business, Transportation and Housing Agency Vlemorandum File Date File No. February 18, 1994 SP Switching Building E.A. 633901 Appears Ineligible From DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Bob Pavlik Subject District 05 Architectural Inventory/Evaluation Form l. Common Name: Southern Pacific Transportation Company Switching Building 2. Historic Name: Same as above 3. Street Address: 1076 Railroad Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93401 4. Parcel Number: 5. Present Owner: Southern Pacific Transportation Company, 1 Market Plaza, San Francisco, California (privately owned) 6. Present use: none 7. Original use: as a switching building 7a. Architectural Style: Railroad utilitarian 7b. Physical Description: this simple rectangular building is of wooden balloon frame construction, sheathed in vertical board and batten siding. The boards display circular saw marks, indicating a possible date of construction as early as the 1870s. The gable roof is covered in asphalt shingles; a fire (date unknown) has gutted the building and severely damaged the roof. There are numerous windows and doors in the building. The windows are double hung, six over six and multiple pane fixed windows. There is evidence that some of the windows have been converted into doorways, and vice-versa. A later wood frame shed addition is attached to the east portion of the building. 8. Construction date: estimated 1870s, with numerous alterations and add-itions. 9. Architect: Southern Pacific Transportation Co. 10. Builder: Southern Pacific Transportation Co. 11. Approximate property size: 25 1 x 50'. 12. Photo.: see attached. 13. Condition: deteriorated. 14. Alterations: Numerous alterations made to the buildings' doors and windows; the addition of a shed on the exterior east wall; many of the windows have been broken out, and replaced with chain link fencing material. 15. Surroundings: Residential to the east, railroad commercial to the west. 16. Threats to site: vandalism. 17. The structure is believed to have been moved to this location at some unknown time in the past. 18. Related features: water tank immediately east of the building. 19. Significance: Because of the utilitarian nature of this building, its deteriorated condition, and its numerous alterations, it has been determined that this structure does not possess sufficient significance to qualify it as a contributing element to the proposed San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Historic District. 20. Main theme of the historic resource: economic/industrial. 21. Sources: .John Snyder, Chief, Architectural and Historical Studies, Environmental Division, Caltrans, personal communication, October 18, 1993. 22. Date form prepared: February 18, 1994 by Robert C. Pavlik District 05, Department of Transportation P.O. Box 8114 San Luis Obispo, CA 93403 805.549.3621 Map of Southern and Central Pacific Railroad lines in California and Nevada, depicting "the gap" between Santa Margarita and Ellwood in 1889. From Loren Nicholson, Rails Across the Ranchos 1980). Reprinted by permission. SAN 0 r-<2:::::::::::::::::::::1 / . -....L.-----'·,o11·,),.. ............ _l rr u______ ··.., l..J. ,...,,;, A D r 0 i. I 1 Southern Pacific Railroad "Coast Line" from San Francisco to San Luis Obispo, circa 1894. From Loren Nicholson, Rails Across the Ranchos (1980). Reprinted by permission. MAP OF COAST LINE FROM SAN 1RAN01SCO TO SAN LUJS OBISPO Southern Pacific Company map showing the fifty-five mile gap between Surf and Ellwood, circa 1896. From Loren Nicholson, Rails Across the Ranchos (1980). Reprinted by permission. C MAP Broad & Narrow Gauge . AND CONNECTIONS. I view to west San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Train Station view to southeast Southern Pacific Transportation Building view to SE Bus shelter, view to east view to NE Southern Pacific Warehouse building view to SW I;~ ,,.., Southern Pacifi~_water tank S.P. switching building and water tank, looking NE S.P. turntable and bridge, looking SW; roundhouse foundation in background S.P. turntable and bridge, looking NW I Ii STATE C',F CALIFORNIA-THE RESOURCES AGENCY PETE WILSON, Govsmor OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION P.O. BOX 942896 SACRAMENTO 94296-0001 916) 653-6624 FAX: (916) 653-9824 916) 653-6624 916) 653-9824 MAYO 9 1994 May 4, 1994 Roger Borg, Division Administrator Region Nine . Federal Highway Administration ca~ifornia Division 960 9th Street SACRAMENTO CA 95814-2724 FHWA940415A Re: Additions to the San Luis Obispo Amtrak Train Station, San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County. Dear Mr. Borg: Thank you for submitting to our office your April 14, 1994 letter and supporting documentation regarding the proposed addition to the San Luis Obispo Amtrak Train Station, San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County. The proposed project involves the additions of two free-standing open~air ramadas, one along the east side of the building (facing the tracks), and one on the north end of the building to provide shade and rain protection to travelers waiting for the train or claiming baggage. You are seeking our comments on your determination of the eligibility-of-the--San-Luis-Obispo--Amtrak---Train-Station .... for---·-·------ inclusion on the National Register of Historic. Places (NRHP) in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The train station is made up of the following components: 0 San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Train Depot 0 Southern Pacific Transportation Company Building 0 Southern Pacific Railroad Warehouse 0 Southern Pacific Water Tower and tank 0 southern Pacific Roundhouse foundation 0 Southern Pacific Turntable foundation 0 Bus Shelter 0 southern Pacific Transportation Company switching Building our review of the submitted documentation leads us to concur that the all of the above properties, with the exception of the Bus Shelter and the Southern Pacific Transportation Company switching Building, are eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion A and C as contributing elements to the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District at the level of local significance, as defined in 36 CFR 60.4: All of the structures have retained characteristics of design and materials that are representative of their respective periods of significance in the historic development of the district. We also agree that structures such as the water tower, the turntable, and the warehouse, though deteriorated and in disarray, still retain elements that lend historic integrity to the district. We would be interested in viewing any drawings or plans associated with the proposed ramada project. Will these features closely match the appearance of the building? Please keep us informed. Thank you again for seeking ·our comments on your project. If you-have any questions, please contact staff historian Clarence Caesar at (916) 653-8902. Cheril Widell state Historic Preservation Officer C J J State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION PRIMARY RECORD Page 1 of 3 Other Listings Review Code Primary# P-40-002529 HRI# Trinomial CA-SL0-2529H NRHP Status Code 5Sl Reviewer Date P1. Temporary Number/Resource Name: Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge P2. Location: a. County: San Luis Obispo b. USGS 7.5' Quad: San Luis Obispo, CA c. Address: D Not for Publication Date 1965 (revised 1994) d. UTM: NAO 27, Zone 10; 713550 mE / 3906500 mN Unrestricted T 30S ; R12E; Section 26 Mt. Diablo B.M. e. Other Locational Data: The bridge spans Johnson Avenue just east of Buchon Street in San Luis Obispo. P3a. Description: This bridge carries the Union Pacific Railroad, formerly the Southern Pacific Raiload, rails over Johnson Avenue in San Luis Obispo . The single span through girder bridge is supported by two simple concrete U-abutments. A commemorative plaque on the southern abutment states that the bridge was constructed in 1957. Closely-spaced transverse flange beams , which are connected directly to the riveted steel girders, form the base of the ballasted deck floor system. The walls that retain the ballast are metal sheets that are welded and bolted to the flange angles. Each bridge seat has been strengthened by the addition of steel supports . These supports , which are of different manufacture than other members of the bridge, appear to be a later addition. P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes): HP19 (bridge) P4. Resources Present: D Building • Structure D Object D Site D District D Element of District D Other: PS. Photograph or Drawing(photograph required for buildings, structures, and objects): Bridge, looking east. P6. Date Constructed/Age: D Prehistoric Historic (1957) D Both P7. Owner and Address: Union Pacific Railroad 340 Guadalupe Street Guadalupe , CA 93434 P8. Recorded By: R. Baloian Applied Earth Works, Inc. 5090 N. Fruit Ave. #101 Fresno, CA 93711 P9. Date Recorded: 11 /8/06 P10. Survey Type: Intensive D Reconnaissance D Other Describe: Survey and bridge evaluation for the construction of a bike path . P11. Report Citation: Nettles, Wendy M ., and Randy Baloian 2007 Historical R esources Evaluation R eport for th e Railroad Safety Trail in th e City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California. Applied Earth Works, Inc ., Fresno , California. Submitted to City of San Luis Obispo Department of Public Works and California Department of Transportation , San Luis Obispo. Attachments: D NONE Building, Structure, and Object Record D Photograph Record DPR 523A (1/95) Location Map D Archaeological Record D Milling Station Record D Other (list): D Site/Sketch Map D District Record D Rock Art Record D Continuation Sheet D Linear Feature Record D Artifact Record Primary.doc[S-5-04] State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Primary# HRI #/Trinomial P-40-002529 CA-SL0-2529H BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD NRHP Status Code 5Sl Page 2 of 3 Resource Name or No.: Johnson A venue Railroad Bridge 81. Historic Name: Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge 82. Common Name: Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge 83. Original Use: Railroad bridge 84. Present Use: Railroad bridge 85. Architectural Style: Single span through girder 86. Construction History (construction date, alterations, and dates of alterations): Prior to the construction of the current bridge, traffic was conveyed below the railroad via a narrow, one-lane underpass. In the mid-1950s, the City of San Luis Obispo, probably in conjunction with the Southern Pacific Railroad, undertook a project to widen the underpass to four lanes. A city plaque commemorating the opening of the Johnson Underpass was dedicated in 1957, which no doubt also corresponds to the completion date of the bridge. Except for the addition of steel supports to each seat, the bridge appears to have retained its original form. 87. Moved?: • No D Yes D Unknown Date: Original Location: 88. Related Features: None 89. a. Engineer: H. Neil Warren (underpass) b. Builder: Madonna Construction (underpass) 810. Significance: Theme: Railroad Area: Central Coast Period of Significance: 1901-1959 Property Type: Bridge Applicable Criteria: A,B,C,D Discuss importance in terms of historical or architectural context as defined by theme, period, and geographic scope. Also address integrity.) The bridge is associated with the Coast Line of the Southern Pacific Railroad, which was completed in 1901. The Coast Line served to stimulate the economy and social life of San Luis Obispo and other towns along its route. Until the late 1950s, when low-maintenance diesel engines replaced steam locomotives, the train terminal at San Luis Obispo employed as many as 100 workers. The Johnson A venue Railroad Bridge was built at a time when trains were still a major mode of transportation and the railroad industry occupied a central position in the state and national economy; because of this association, it is included in the San Luis Obispo Railroad Historic District. The bridge is not, however, a particularly good representation of that period and does not effectively convey the importance of the Coast Line during the first half of the 20th century. The bridge is not associated with any significant events or persons. The Railway Engineering and Maintenance Cyclopedia considered this bridge type and construction method common enough that it is discussed first and in the greatest detail in the bridge section of the manual (Howard 1948). It is therefore not architecturally distinct, nor does it add to the history of bridge construction. Although the bridge is included in the City of San Luis Obispo's railroad district plan and may be a resource of local interest, it does not appear individually eligible for the National Register, nor does it contribute to the significance of the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. B11. Additional Resource Attributes (list attributes and codes): 812. References: Howard, Neal D. (editor) 1948 Railway Engineering & Maintenance Cyclopedia. 7th ed. Simmons-Boardman, Chicago, Illinois. 813. Remarks: The evaluation was conducted for a proposed pedestrian and bike path along the railroad. 814. Evaluator: Wendy M. Nettles Date of Evaluation: November 8, 2006 This space reserved for official comments. DPR 523B (1/95) Sketch Map Required Information C C C C C 0 State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP Page 3 of 3 Temporary Number/Resource Name: Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge Rad,o To ·,er 1'i\ KV[C ) I;( i.\ ti I ,•~ -~ l . ; : i,.. . ... __ ,_:: __ wa er ,I 1 ank 'f 1Radi-0 Stat,OI\ KSBY · TV J erro ! ar, Lu i s Ot!i s p o I l I '. I 34 I 'I •\ Water Tonk Confidential : Not for Public Distribution U.S.G.S. 7 .5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle San Luis Obispo, CA T 30 S -R 12 E 1965 , Photorevised 1979 DPR 523J (1/95) Radio Tower KATY) 0 Primary # P-40-002529 HRI #/Trinomial CA-SL0-2529H P,o~r,P c t · a rJ<. I I 7!'> fO c h I . , I Prepared by Applied Earthworks, Inc . tN Miles Contour Interval: 40 Feet State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION PRIMARY RECORD Page 1 of 3 Other Listings Review Code Primary# P-40-002530 HRI# Trinomial CA-SL0-2530H NRHP Status Code 3D Reviewer Date P1. Temporary Number/Resource Name: San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge P2. Location: a. County: San Luis Obispo b. USGS 7.5' Quad: San Luis Obispo, CA D Not for Publication Date 1965 (revised 1994) Unrestricted T 30S; R 12E; Section 26 Mt. Diablo B.M. c. Address: d. UTM: NAO 27 , Zone 10; 713635 mE / 3906750 mN e. Other Locational Data: The bridge spans the creek between Johnson Avenue and Marsh Street in San Luis Obispo. P3a. Description: This bridge carries the Union Pacific Railroad, formerly the Southern Pacific Railroad, over San Luis Obispo Creek. This structure is a single-span through-girder bridge. It is supported on abutments fashioned from granite blocks. These abutments are simple breast abutments with stepped-down wings. Transverse floor beams are connected directly to the girders. Pairs of short stringer spans are riveted to each floor beam. Lateral angles, which provide additional support, are riveted to the same plate used to attach the floor beams to the girders. A small metal plate embossed with "1901" is attached to the center of the western girder, marking the bridge's year of construction. The rust preventative applied to this bridge is badly weathered and peeling. P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP19 (bridge) P4. Resources Present: D Building • Structure D Object D Site D-District D Element of District D Other: P5. Photograph or Drawing (photograph required for buildings, structures, and objects): Bridge, looking northeast. P6. Date Constructed/Age: D Prehistoric Historic (1901) D Both P7. Owner and Address: Union Pacific Railroad 340 Guadalupe Street Guadalupe, CA 93434 PB. Recorded By: R. Baloian Applied Earth Works, Inc . 5090 N . Fruit Ave. #101 Fresno, CA 93711 P9. Date Recorded: 11/8/06 P10. Survey Type: Intensive D Reconnaissance D Other Describe: Survey and bridge evaluation for the construction of a bike path. P11. Report Citation: Nettles, Wendy M., and Randy Baloian 2007 Historical Resources Evaluation Report for the Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo , San Luis Obispo County, California. Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, California. Submitted to the City of San Luis Obispo Department of Public Works and California Department of Transportation, San Luis Obispo. Attachments: D NONE DPR 523A (1/95) Building, Structure , and Object Record D Photograph Record Location Map D Archaeological Record D Milling Station Record D Other (list): D Site/Sketch Map D District Record D Rock Art Record D Continuation Sheet D Linear Feature Record D Artifact Record Primary.doc[8-5-04] State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Primary# HRI #/Trinomial BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD NRHP Status Code P-40-002530 CA-SL0-2530H 3D Page 2 of 3 Resource Name or No.: San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge B1. Historic Name: San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge B2. Common Name: San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge B3. Original Use: Railroad bridge B4. Present Use: Railroad bridge B5. Architectural Style: Single span through girder B6. Construction History (construction date, alterations, and dates of alterations): The bridge was constructed the same year the Coast Line was completed, but it is likely that it was built after March 31, 1901 when the railway officially opened. Signor (1994:21) explains that the last spike actually had been driven as early as December 30, 1900, but the subsequent three months were spent on ballasting and surfacing the track and erecting necessary support facilities rather than major upgrades. Except for a few minor alterations, the bridge appears to have retained its original form. B7. Moved?: II No O Yes O Unknown Date: Original Location: B8. Related Features: None B9. a. Architect: Unknown b. Builder: Southern Pacific Railroad B10. Significance: Theme: Railroad Area: Central Coast Period of Significance: 1901-1959 Property Type: Railroad bridge Applicable Criteria: A,B Discuss importance in terms of historical or architectural context as defined by theme, period, and geographic scope. Also address integrity.) The bridge is associated with the Coast Line of the Southern Pacific Railroad (SPR), which was completed in 1901. The Coast Line served to stimulate the economy and social life of San Luis Obispo and other towns along its route. Until the late 1950s, when low-maintenance diesel engines replaced steam locomotives, the train terminal at San Luis Obispo employed as many as 100 workers. Built in 1901, the same year the SPR completed the Coast Line connecting San Francisco with Los Angeles, the San Luis Creek Railroad Bridge is associated with the period of significance for the SPR operations in San Luis Obispo and on the Central Coast. Because of this association, the bridge has been included in the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. The bridge is not associated with any significant persons, such as a prominent engineer or bridge architect (Criterion B) and is identical to the structure that carries the Union Pacific RR rails over Monterey Street two blocks away. The through-girder construction is common; the bridge is therefore not architecturally distinct, nor does it contribute to the history of bridge construction (Criteria C and D). The bridge was not the original structure that carried the first train across the creek in 1894 when the SPR arrived in San Luis Obispo; nevertheless, the bridge functioned throughout virtually the entire period of significance for the railroad. Moreover, it has essentially remained unaltered and retains integrity. Consequently, based on its association with important events and developments (Criterion A), the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge appears to be a contributing element of the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District, which is . eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. B11. Additional Resource Attributes (list attributes and codes): B12. References: Howard, Neal D. (editor) 1948 Railway Engineering & Maintenance Cyclopedia. 7th ed. Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation, Chicago, Illinois. Signor, John R. 1994 Southern Pacific's Coast Line. Signature Press. B13. Remarks: The evaluation was conducted for the proposed construction of a path along the railroad. B14. Evaluator: Wendy M. Nettles Date of Evaluation: November 8, 2006 This space reserved for official comments. DPR 523B (1/95) Sketch Map Required Information State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP Page 3 of 3 Primary # P-40-002530 HRI #/Trinomial CA-SL0-2530H Temporary Number/Resource Name: San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge l C I .... 1 · . I ' .• ~·--....:,_ -, wa er . ..,1 Tan~ erro , Rad 10 n,,.-,er 0 (KVf.Cl an 'l:..uis Ob is po , ~ -,, -- l ~,,I I T Confidential: Not for Public Distribution U .S.G.S. 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle San Luis Obispo, CA T 30 S - R 12 E 1965, Photorevised 1979 D DPR 523J (1/95) Waler P,o,pect · I ' Prepared by Applied EarthWorks, Inc . tN 0 Miles Contour Interval: 40 Feet n C r. lJ State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION PRIMARY RECORD Page 1 of 4 Other Listings Review Code P1. Temporary Number/Resource Name: WR-lH P2. Location: a. County: San Luis Obispo b. USGS 7.5' Quad: San Luis Obispo, CA c. Address: Primary# HRI# Trinomial NRHP Status Code Reviewer P-40-002531 C A-SL0-253 lH 6Z Date Not for Publication D Unrestricted Date 1965 (revised 1994) T30S , Rl2E ; Sections 26 and 35 Mt. Diablo B.M. d. UTM: NAO 27 , Zone 10; 713450 mE / 3906250 mN e. Other Locational Data: From the Amtrak train depot in San Luis Obispo, proceed north a lon g the west side of the track for approximately 1,000 feet. The site lies about 30 feet west (left) of the tracks. P3a. Description: This historical site contains one complete concrete foundation and one partially intact concrete foundation . The features represent the remains of tool houses and a telephone sha nty, which were part of the Southern Pacific Railroad San Luis Obispo station .. P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) AH2 (structural foundations) P4. Resources Present: D Building D Structure D Object • Site D District D Element of District D Other: P5. Photograph or Drawing (photograph required for buildings, structures, and objects): Feature 1, facing northwest. P6. Date Constructed/Age: D Prehistoric Historic D Both P7. Owner and Address: Union Pacific Railroad 340 Guadalupe Street Guadalupe, CA 93434 PB. Recorded By: R. Baloian Applied Earth Works , Inc. 5090 N . Fruit Ave. #101 Fresno, CA 93 711 P9. Date Recorded: 11/8/06 P10. Survey Type: intensive D Reconnaissance D Other Describe: Survey for proposed bicycle and pedestrian path. P11. Report Citation: Baloian, Randy 2007 Archaeological Survey Report for th e Railroad Safety Bike Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo , San Luis Obispo County, California. Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, California. Submitted to the City of San Luis Obispo Department of Public Works and California Department of Transportation, San Luis Obispo. Nettles, Wendy M ., and Randy Baloian 2007 His torical Resources Evaluation R eport for the Railroad Safety Trail in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California . Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, California. Submitted to the City of San Luis Obispo Department of Public Works and California Department of Transportation , San Luis Obispo. Attachments: D NONE DPR 523A (1/95) D Building, Structure, and Object Record D Photograph Record Location Map Archaeological Record D Milling Station Record D Other (list): Site/Sketch Map D District Record D Rock Art Record D Continuation Sheet D Linear Feature Record D Artifact Record Primary.doc[8-5-04] State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page 2 of 4 Temporary Number/Resource Name: WR-lH A1. Dimensions: a. Length 60 meters (N/S) Primary# HRI #/Trinomial x b. Width 10 meters (E/W) Method of Measurement: • Paced D Taped D Visual estimate D Other: P-40-002531 CA-SL0-253 lH Method of Determination (check any that apply): D Artifacts • Features D Soil D Vegetation D Topography D Cut bank D Animal burrow D Excavation D Property boundary D Other (explain): Reliability of Determination: D High • Medium D Low Explain: Other features may exist but are not exposed. Limitations (check any that apply): D Restricted access D Paved/built over D Disturbances D Site limits incompletely defined • Other Explain: Surface examination only. A2.. Depth: 1-2 feet D None D Unknown Method of determination: Estimated depth of features. A3. Human Remains: D Present • Absent D Possible D Unknown (explain): A4. Features (Number, describe, indicate size, list associated cultural constituents, and show location of each on sketch map): Feature 1 is a 20 by 16 foot concrete foundation with 6-inch-thick walls. The concrete slab floor of the structure is still intact. A 6-foot section extends from the northwest corner of the foundation; it is not apparent whether this section supported an exterior wall or was the part of an adjoining room. Feature 2 is the scant remnant of a similarly built foundation-two 5-foot-long, 6-inch-thick walls come together to form the northeast corner of the structure. A5. Cultural Constituents (not associated with features): Discarded railroad ties and other railroad parts are sparsely scattered throughout the site; it is unlikely that these items are historical. A6. Were Specimens Collected? • No D Yes (If yes, attached Artifact Record or catalog.) A7. Site Condition: D Good • Fair D Poor D Disturbances: A8. Nearest Water (type, distance, and direction): The closest natural water source is San Luis Obispo Creek, located approximately 1,250 feet north along the railroad tracks. A9. Elevation: 240 feet amsl. A10. Environmental Setting (vegetation, fauna, soils, geology, landform, slope, aspect, exposure, etc.): Prior to urbanization, the San Luis Obispo area was characteristic of a riparian habitat. This natural setting is currently limited to the banks of San Luis Obispo Creek. The site lies within the right-of-way of the Union Pacific Railroad and is surrounded by a residential neighborhood. The ground is fairly level, and the soil appears to be imported fill. A11. Historical Information (full citations in A15 below): The locations of foundations undoubtedly correspond to the telephone shanty and tool houses depicted on the 1952 map of the San Luis Obispo Depot (Signor 1994:218-219). A contemporaneous photograph shows the tool houses were simple utilitarian buildings with no windows and medium- pitched roofs (Signor 1994:213). They were probably built ca. 1930-1950 and removed in the mid-to-late 1950s. A12. Age: D Prehistoric D Protohistoric D 1542-1769 D 1769-1848 D 1848-1880 D 1880-1914 • 1914-1945 D Post 1945 D Undetermined Describe position in regional prehistoric chronology or factual historic dates if known: A13. Interpretations: Because of its direct association with the railroad depot, the site is included as a resource in the San Luis Obispo Railroad Historic District. The virtual absence of historical artifacts on the surface suggests that the site lacks significant subsurface deposits. Given the limited information potential, it does not appear to be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D, nor does it contribute to the significance of the historic district. A14. Remarks: A proposed bicycle and pedestrian path will be constructed through the site. A15. References: Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps; San Luis Obispo County Historical Society; Signor, John R. 1994. Southern Pacific's Coast Line. Signature Press, Wilton, California. A16. Photographs: Original media/negatives kept at: Applied Earth Works, Inc., Fresno, CA A17. Form Prepared By: Randy Baloian Date: November 8, 2006 Affiliation and Address: Applied Earth Works, Inc., 5090 N. Fruit Ave., Suite 101, Fresno, CA 93711 DPR 523C (1/95) *Required Information r: C 0 State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP Page 3 of 4 Temporary Number/Resource Name: WR-l H s .. ·1 .... · I · . I ' : • , • Wale, ,I Ta nk '1 erro , Rad,o Tower VEC ) an 'L..u i s Otl ispo ~ ~ - i ~· I T I • I l h-1 11' Co nfidenti al: Not fo r Public Distribution U .S.G .S. 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle San Luis Obispo, CA T 30 S - R 12 E 1965, Photorevised 1979 DPR 523J (1/95) 0 Primary # P-40-00253 1 HRI #/Trinomial CA -SL 0-253 IH Wa1e1 Tan~ P,ospec1 · I ,·, I I .- 1 I I ' . I I Prepared by Appli ed Earthworks , Inc . tN Y2 Mil es Contour Interval : 40 Feet State of California -The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION SKETCH MAP Page 4 of4 Temporary Number/Resource Name: WR-lH DPR 523K (1/95) f) UJ u z UJ 0 f) UJ a:: I I I I Primary# P-40-002531 HRI #/Trinomial CA-SL0-2531 H 1 1 1 1 I I O' 0:, V Q, ii I I I Field Map: R. Baloian -11/MAY/06 Final Map: L. Meckstroth-16/NOV/06 20 Meters Contour Interval: 3 Feet Approximately) 40 State of California Business, Transportation and Housing Agency Memorandum To From Cathy Stettler Associate Environmental Planner Caltrans Environmental Planning Branch Kelda Wilson 1~, . () Archaeologist ~ fJJ~v"\ DEPARTMENT OF PORTATION District 5 Date: File No. June 11, 2007 Local Assistance Railroad Safety ri rail Plrn.3c III, City of SLO San Luis Obispo County RSTPL-5016 (03 7) su~iec1 Section 106 Complete, Railroad Safety Trail Phase Ill The State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) has reviewed the Historic Property Survey Report for Railroad Safety Trail Phase III, dated January 2007, and the revised version dated April 2007. Tb.e documents were prepared in accordance with the J anuai-y 1, 2004 Programmatic Agreement Among the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer. and the Cal(fornia Department of Transportation Programmatic Agreement). In a letter dated March 9, 2007, the SHPO (Milford Wayne Donaldson, FAIA) conc.urred with the determination that the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge and archaeological site CA-SL0-253 lH are not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Subsequently, in a letter dated June 5, 2007, the SHPO concurred with the determination that the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge f,CA- SL0-2530H) is eligible for the NRHP as a contributor to the existing San Luis Obispo/Southern Pacific Railroad District, a property determined eligible for Hie NRHP in 1994. Caltrans, under the authority of FH\VA, has determined a Fir;.ding of No Historic Properties Affected, according to Stipulation IX.A of the Programmatic Agreement aI1d 36 CFR 800.4(d)(l) is appropriate for this undertaking. The requirements of 36 CFR 800 have been satisfied. The project does not have the potential to affect historic properties. In the event cultural material is encountereJ during project constructfon, work shall cease until a qualified archaeologist can assess the m1anticipated discovery in accordance wit]:. foe Programmatic Agreement. I can be reached at (805) 542-4697 with any questions. Cc: Valerie Levulett, District 5 Heritage Resources Coordinator Dominic Hoang, Federal Highway Administration STATE OF CALIFORNIA-THE RESOURCES AGENCY OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION P.O. BOX 942896 SACRAMENTO, CA 94296-0001 916) 653-6624 Fax: (916) 653-9824 calshpo@parks.ca.gov www.ohp.parks.ca.gov June 5, 2007 Gary Ruggerone, Chief Environmental Planning Branch Caltrans District 5 50 Higuera Street San Luis Obispo, CA 93401-5415 ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER, Governor Reply To: FHWA070125B Re: Determinations of Eligibility for the Proposed Railroad Safety Trail Phase Ill, San Luis Obispo County, CA Dear Mr. Ruggerone: Thank you for the additional information you have provided regarding the above project. You are consulting with me about the subject undertaking in accordance with the Programmatic Agreement Among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as it Pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California (PA). The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) is requesting my concurrence, pursuant to Stipulation VIII.C.5 of the PA, that the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0- 2530H) is eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) as a contributor to the existing San Luis Obispo/Southern Pacific Railroad District, a property determined eligible for the NRHP in 1994. Based on my review of the submitted documentation, I concur with the foregoing determination. Thank you for considering historic properties during project planning. If you have any questions, please contact Natalie Lindquist of my staff at (916) 654-0631 or e-mail at nlindquist@parks.ca.gov. Sincerely, I( ;sh~ fr' Milford Wayne Donaldson, FAIA State Historic Preservation Officer STATE OF CALIFORNIA-BUSINESS. TRAi'\/SPORTATION AND HOUSING AGENCY ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER. Governor DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 50 HIGUERA STREET SAN LUIS OBISPO, CA 93401-5415 PHONE (805) 549-3111 @ . FAX (805) 549-3329 TDD (805) 549-3259 http://www.dot.gov/dist05 Mr. Milford Wayne Donaldson, F AIA State Historic Preservation Officer Office of Historic Preservation P.O. Box 942896 Sacramento, CA 94296-0001 Flex your power! Be energy efficient! April13,2007 Railroad Safety Trail Phase III Local Assistance RPSTPLE-5016(037) San Luis Obispo County File # FHWA070125A Re: Determination of Eligibility and Finding of Effect for the Railroad Safety Trail Phase III, San Luis Obispo County Dear Mr. Donaldson: The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), under the authority of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is continuing consultation with the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) regarding the Railroad Safety Trail Phase III Project in San Luis Obispo County. This consultation is undertaken in accordance with the January 2004 Programmatic Agreement among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department ofTransportation (PA). Thank you for your March 9, 2007 letter responding to our initial consultation regarding this project. We hope that this letter and a set of revised reports addresses your comments. In your letter, you concurred with our determination that CA-SL0-2531H and the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge are not eligible for inclusion in the National Register. Response to Your March 9, 2007 Letter 1) You requested additional information regarding our determination that the San Luis Obispo Creek Bridge is not eligible for the NRHP, and whether there is a potential for a historic district associated with the Coastline Railroad. Response to comment: Based on your response, we· have· considered-whether the-· San Euis Obispo· ereek--Bridge·· could be considered a contributing element to the existing National Register-eligible San Luis Obispo/Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District. That District was found eligible to the NRHP in 1994 by Caltrans, and SHPO concurred with that determination on May 4, 1994 see Appendix A of the Historical Resources Evaluation Report for copy of SHPO concurrence). Because the bridge has functioned throughout virtually the entire period of significance for the railroad and has essentially remained unaltered, Caltrans has determined that the bridge does appear to be a contributing element of the San Luis Obispo Southern Caltrans improves mobility across California" Mr. Milford Wayne Donaldson, F AIA April 13, 2007 Page 2 Pacific Railroad Historic District. We continue to believe, however, that the bridge does not merit individual eligibility to the NRHP. The Historical Resources Evaluation Report and the DPR forms have been altered to reflect our revised determination. Additionally, the Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H) and archaeological site CA-SL0-253 lH were considered for their potential as contributing elements of the San Luis Obispo Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District, and were found to be non-contributors to the district (see revised HRER). 2) You asked whether any local historical societies were consulted as part of the Section 106 process. Response to comment: Initial consultation on this project was limited to contact with Alan Ochs of the San Luis Obispo Collllty Historical Society in November 2006. In response to your letter, we conducted additional consultation efforts in March and April 2007 (see Exhibit D). On March 27, 2007, consultation letters were distributed to Ron Clarke and Alan Ochs of the San Luis Obispo County Historical Society; Devin Gallagher of Heritage Shared; Brad LaRose of the San Luis Obispo Railroad Museum; and Jeff Hook of the City of San Luis Obispo Community Development Department. The letters were followed up with phone calls and e-mails. None of the parties expressed any concerns regarding the project, the cultural resources, or the current study results. Jeff Hook supports the addition of the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge to the National Register District; and Brad LaRose did not see any special significance to the bridge. Neither the San Luis Obispo County Historical Society nor Heritage Shared have expressed concerns. Request for Determination of Eligibility Pursuant to Stipulation VIII.C.5 of the PA, Caltrans is requesting your concurrence that the following property is eligible to the National Register of Historic Places as a contributing element of the San Luis Obispo/Southern Pacific Railroad Historic District: San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2530H) We look forward to receiving your response within 30 days of your receipt of this submittal, in accordance with Stipulation VIII.C.5.a of the PA. Finding of No Historic Properties Affected Pending your concurrence regarding Caltrans' eligibility determinations, Caltrans' finding for the-lllldertaking (pursuant to Stipulation IX.A.2) is ''No Historic -Properties-Affected." 'Ihis- finding is due to the fact that the project will not make any physical modifications to the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge. A new bicycle bridge will be constructed adjacent to the property, at a distance of 27.6 feet from the existing bridge. The new bridge will not require physical connection to, or any modification of, the existing bridge and will therefore have no effect on it. In addition, the new bicycle bridge will be designed for architectural compatibility with the bridge and will include an interpretive overlook with historical information about the railroad bridge. Caltrans improves mobility across California" Nir. Milford Wayne Donaldson, FAIA April 13, 2007 Page 3 This letter and the attached documentation are concurrently being retained in Caltrans files pursuant to Stipulation XVI) and distributed to FHWA (pursuant to Stipulation Vill.C.5). If you concur with our eligibility determinations, these actions satisfy Caltrans' responsibilities under Stipulation IX.A.2 of the PA, and no further review will be required. In the event that you do not concur with Caltrans' determinations, further consultation will be carried out in accordance with Stipulation VIII.C.5.b. If you need any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact Caltrans Archaeologist Kelda Wilson (phone: 805/542-4697; fax: 805/549-3233; e-mail: kelda_ wilson@dot.ca.gov.) Finally, thank you for your assistance with this undertaking. Sincerely, Gary Ruggerone, Chief Environmental Planning Branch Caltrans District 5 Attachment: Revised Railroad Safety Trail Phase ill Project HPSR C: Gene K. Fong, FHW A Division Administrator Caltrans improves mobility across Califorma" STATE OF CALIFORNIA-THE RESOURCES AGENCY OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION P.O. BOX 942896 SACRAMENTO, CA 94296-0001 916) 653-6624 Fax: (916) 653-9824 calshpo@ohp.parks.ca.gov www.ohp.parks.ca.gov 9 March 2007 Gary Ruggerone, Chief Environmental Planning Branch California Department of Transportation, District 5 50 Higuera Street San Luis Obispo, CA 93401-5415 ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER, Governor In Reply Refer To FHWA070125A RE: RAILROAD SAFETY TRAIL PHASE Ill, LOCALASSISTANCE, RPSTPLE-5016(037), SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY [SECTION 106 CONSULTATION (RND.01) ON THE RAILROAD SAFETY TRAIL PHASE Ill PROJECT ALONG THE UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD, CITY OF SAN LUIS OBISPO, SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA] Dear Mr. Ruggerone: This letter is a response to the California Department of Transportation's (Caltrans) submission, on behalf of the Federal Highway Administration, of the January 2007 Historic Property Survey Report, Railroad Safety Trail Phase Ill in the City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California (HPSR). Caltrans' submission and my comment on it here are made pursuant to the 1 January 2004 Programmatic Agreement among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as It Pertains to the Administration of the Federal-aid Highway Program in California. Your letter of 22 January 2007 requests that I concur with Caltrans' determinations on the National Register of Historic Places (National Register) eligibility of three properties that the agency found in the subject undertaking's area of potential effects. On the basis of my review of the HPSR, I concur that CA-SL0-2531 H Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (P-40-002529) are not eligible for inclusion in the National Register. Caltrans has also determined that the San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (Bridge) is not eligible for the NRHP. According to Caltrans the Bridge was built in 1901, ·the same year the Southern Pacific Railroad (SPR) completed the Coast Line connecting San Francisco with Los Angeles. The Bridge is associated with the heyday of the SPR operations on the Central Coast. The Bridge was not the original structure, and given GARY RUGGERONE 9MARCH 2007 PAGE2 of2 FHWA070125A the manpower and resources required to finish the railway, it is likely that the subject bridge was constructed shortly after completion of the Coast Line in March 1901. In addition Caltrans states that the Bridge is not a particularly good representation of the period of significance and does not effectively convey the importance of the Coast Line during the first half of the 20th century. The bridge is not associated with any significant persons or specific events. In addition the bridge is identical to the structure that carries the railroad over Monterey Street two blocks away. Therefore it is not architecturally distinct and does not add to the history of bridge construction. Caltrans also notes that the bridge retains superb integrity and the citizens of San Luis Obispo are likely to consider this bridge locally significant. I cannot at this time concur with Caltrans' determination that the San Luis Obispo Cre·ek Railroad Bridge is not eligible for the NRHP. Although the Bridge is not the original bridge located on this line, the bridge was completed shortly after the completion of the Coast Line in 1901. Given the period of significance for the Coastline (1901-1959) this bridge would appear to be significant within the context of the Coastline Railroad. Caltrans states that the Bridge is "not a particularly good representation of the period of significance and does not effectively convey the importance of the Coast Line during the first half of the 20th century". I.would appreciate further information supporting this. statement. lri addition Caltrans states, "the bridge is identical to the structure that carries the railroad over Monterey Street two blocks away." Is there a potential for a historic district associated with the Coastline Railroad? Finally, were any local historical societies consulted as part of the Section 106 process? Please direct any questions or concerns that you may have to Project Review Unit archaeologist Mike McGuirt at 916.653.8920 or at mmcgu@parks.ca.gov. Sincerely, . l(SJ,~frr Milford Wayne Donaldson, FAIA State Historic Preservation Officer MWD:MDM:mdm STATE OF CALIFORNIA-BUSINESS, TRANSPORTATION AND HOUSING AGENCY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 50 HIGUERA STREET SAN LUIS OBISPO, CA 93401-5415 PHONE (805) 549-3111 FAX (805) 549-3329 TDD (805) 549-3259 http://www.dot.gov/dist05 Mr. Milford Wayne Donaldson, FAIA State Historic Preservation Officer Office of Historic Preservation P.O. Box 942896 Sacramento, CA 94296-0001 ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER, Governor Flex your power! Be energy efficient! January 22, 2007 Railroad Safety Trail Phase ill Local Assistance RPSTPLE-5016(037) San Luis Obispo County Re: Determination of Eligibility and Finding of Effect for the Railroad Safety Trail Phase III, San Luis Obispo County Dear Mr. Donaldson: The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), under the authority of the Federal Highway Administration (FHW A) is initiating consultation with the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) regarding the Railroad Safety Trail Phase III Project in San Luis Obispo County. This consultation is undertaken in accordance with the January 2004 Programmatic Agreement among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation PA). Enclosed you will find a Historic Property Survey Report (HPSR) for the proposed undertaking. The HPSR is intended to fulfill three of FHWA's responsibilities under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act: determination of the Area of Potential Effects (APE); identification of potential historic properties located within the undertaking's APE; and evaluation of potential historic properties for eligibility to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Under the PA, Caltrans is responsible for ensuring the appropriateness of the APE (Stipulation VIII.A) and the adequacy of historic property identification efforts (Stipulation VIII.B). We are consulting with you at the present time under Stipulation VIII.C.5 of the PA, which requires that we seek your concurrence on Caltrans' determinations of eligibility for potential historic properties. In accordance with Stipulation III of the PA, the APE and the documents were reviewed and approved by Kelda Wilson, who meets the Professionally Qualified Staff (PQS) Standards in Attachment 1 of the PA as a Principal Investigator -Prehistoric Archaeology. Robert Pavlik, who meets the PQS Standards as a Principal Architectural Historian, reviewed the project's APE and findings. In conjunction with Caltrans and FHW A, the City of San Luis Obispo Public Works Department proposes to construct a paved bicycle path along the Union Pacific Railroad in eastern San Luis Obispo. The 12-foot wide path begins at the existing railroad station and extends approximately 2250 feet near the beginning of an existing Class II bicycle system on Marsh Street. The project will involve construction of two clear span bicycle bridges over Johnson Avenue and San Luis Caltrans improves mobility across California" Mr. Milford Wayne Donaldson, FAIA January 22, 2007 Page2 Obispo Creek. A full project description and depiction of the APE can be found on page 1 and Exhibit C of the HPSR. Consultation and identification efforts for the Railroad Safety Trail Phase III Project summarized in pages 2-3 of the attached HPSR) resulted in the identification of one historical archaeological site and two bridges within the APE that required formal evaluation. These resources had not been previously evaluated for NRHP eligibility, and pursuant to Stipulation VIII.C of the PA, they were formally evaluated for the Railroad Safety Trail Phase III Project. The evaluation is documented in the Historical Resources Evaluation Report attached to this HPSR. All resources identified within the APE that have no potential for NRHP eligibility were exempted from formal evaluation pursuant to Stipulation VIII.C. l and Attachment 4 of the PA Properties Exempt from Evaluation"). Pursuant to Stipulation VIII.C.5 of the PA, Caltrans is requesting your concurrence that the following properties are not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places: CA-SL0-2531 Johnson Avenue Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2529H) San Luis Obispo Creek Railroad Bridge (CA-SL0-2530H) We look forward to receiving your response within 30 days of your receipt of this submittal, in accordance with Stipulation VIII.C.5.a of the PA. Pending your concurrence regarding Caltrans' eligibility determinations, Caltrans' finding for the undertaking (pursuant to Stipulation IX.A.2) is "No Historic Properties Affected," due to the absence of identified historic properties within the undertaking's APE. This letter and the attached documentation are concurrently being retained in Caltrans files (pursuant to Stipulation XVI) and distributed to FHWA (pursuant to Stipulation VIII.C.5). If you concur with our eligibility determinations, these actions satisfy Caltrans' responsibilities under Stipulation IX.A.2 of the PA, and no further review will be required. In the event that you do not concur with Caltrans' determinations, further consultation will be carried out in accordance with Stipulation VIII.C.5.b. If you need any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact Caltrans Archaeologist Kelda Wilson (phone: 805/542-4697; fax: 805/549-3233; e-mail: kelda_ wilson@dot.ca.gov.) Finally, thank you for your assistance with this undertaking. Gary Ruggerone, Chie Environmental Planning Branch Caltrans District 5 Attachment: Railroad Safety Trail Phase III Project HPSR C: Gene K. Fong, FHW A Division Administrator Caltrans improves mobility across California"