HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 8a. Study Session - Citywide User and Regulatory Fee Study Item 8a
Department: Administration
Cost Center: 1009
For Agenda of: 2/20/2024
Placement: Study Session
Estimated Time: 90 minutes
FROM: Derek Johnson, City Manager
Prepared By: Whitney McDonald, Assistant City Manager
Timmi Tway, Community Development Director
Emily Jackson, Finance Director
Rebecca Bernstorff, Business Services and Administrative Manager
SUBJECT: STUDY SESSION TO RECEIVE AN UPDATE AND PROVIDE DIRECTION
REGARDING THE CITYWIDE USER AND REGULATORY FEE STUDY
RECOMMENDATION
1. Hold a study session and receive a presentation on the City’s user and regulatory
fees; and
2. Receive public input and provide guidance to staff regarding recommended fe e-
related structural changes and any adjustments to current policies or practices; and
3. Direct staff to perform outreach to interested parties consistent with the Public
Engagement and Noticing Manual ahead of the public hearing scheduled for March
19, 2024, to consider approving new user and regulatory fees consistent with the
completed fee study.
POLICY CONTEXT
As a part of Section 2 – User Fee Cost Recovery Goals – within the City's Fiscal Policies:
Fees are reviewed and updated on an ongoing basis to ensure that they keep pace with
changes in the cost-of-living as well as changes in methods or levels of service delivery.
In implementing this goal, a comprehensive analysis of City costs and fees should be
made at least every five years. In the interim, fees are adjusted by annual changes in the
Consumer Price Index. Fees may be adjusted during this interim period based on
supplemental analysis whenever there have been significant changes in the method, level
or cost of service delivery.
Additionally, as a part of Strategic Approach 1.5.c within the Economic Resiliency,
Cultural Vitality and Fiscal Sustainability Major City Goal, implementing a City fee
program update was identified as a work effort within the 2023-25 Financial Plan.
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REPORT-IN-BRIEF
The City of San Luis Obispo’s last fee study was conducted in 2017 by NBS Government
Finance Group. The City’s adopted Fiscal Policies include User Fee Cost Recovery Goals
that call for the City to review and update user fees approximately every five years to
adjust to changes in the cost-of-living and changes in methods/levels of service delivery
(Attachment A, Fiscal Policies, Section 2, Cost Recovery Goals). As such, the City
contracted with MGT Consulting of America, LLC (MGT) in 2023 to review and update
the City’s user and regulatory fees (commonly known as cost-of-service fees), which
include development review and inspection, as well as fees charged for recreational
classes, sport programs, and public safety services, among others. While the original
scope for the study did include review of development impact fees (AB 1600 Fees), these
fees are currently under review in a separate effort that will be presented to the City
Council in early 2025.
The City's fiscal policy related to User Fee Cost Recovery Goals was most recently
reaffirmed by the Council with adoption of the 2023-25 Financial Plan and identifies cost
recovery amounts dependent upon types of projects/programs. Based on the current
policy, Development Review related programs (including service/permit fees in planning,
building and safety, engineering, and the fire department) should generally have high-
cost recovery (100% in most instances) and programs in Parks and Recreation are
divided into tiers (low, mid, high) dependent on the activities and users (see discussion in
"cost recovery goals" below). The current fee schedule is provided in Attachment B.
The intent of this study session is to ensure that the C ity Council and community share
an understanding of City fees and how fee studies are conducted, prior to future
discussions on the specifics of the recommended fee changes. The report begins by
differentiating between taxes and fees, and within fees, regulatory and user fees; cost
recovery policy levels from the 2023-25 Financial Plan, the purpose of the current Fee
Study and what it includes; the methodology in how the fees were calculated; and
concludes with the City’s current cost recovery level and key proposed structural changes
and recommendations. This report also includes questions to facilitate City Council
discussion and direction regarding the recommended changes to current policies and
practices, which will inform the current fee study. The intent is to enable Council to
approve new fees that can be implemented for FY 2024-25.
DISCUSSION
Background
Where City Revenue Comes From
The City’s financial structure is separated into governmental and business activities,
which are reported and administered through five major funds. Business activities (Water,
Sewer, Parking, and Transit; also known as “enterprises”) are distinguished from general
governmental funds by their similarity to private sector enterprises and are funded
primarily through user charges.
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Taxes. The City’s General Fund is the primary operating fund for general government
operations and is largely funded through various tax revenues. Two main sources of the
City’s revenue are sales tax and property taxes; these specific taxes are levied on the
sale of goods and real property within the city and contribute to the City’s General Fund,
which can be allocated by the Council for any governmental purpose. As a part of the FY
2023-24 adopted budget, tax and franchise revenue make up 87% of anticipated revenue
within the General Fund.
Fees. Fees are charged directly to customers using a particular City service in order to
cover the City’s costs of providing the service and the level of fees is limited to the amount
required to cover City costs. For example, fees are charged to cover the cost of reviewing
plans, permitting, and inspecting a new building. Additionally, California Proposition 26
was approved by California voters in November 2010 and clarified which charges are
considered user fees and which are considered taxes. The significance of this distinction
is that user fees may be raised by resolution of the City Council up to the limit of actual
costs of providing service (as determined by a fee study), whereas the amount of taxes
is limited by the amount approved by voters and may only be imposed or increased by a
majority vote of city voters.
It is important to note that as part of a general cost recovery strategy, local governments
adopt user fees to fund programs and services that provide limited or no direct benefit to
the community as a whole. As cities struggle to maintain levels of service and variability
of demand, they have become increasingly aware of subsidies provided by the General
Fund and have implemented cost-recovery targets. To the extent that governments use
general tax monies to provide individuals with private benefits, and not require them to
pay the full cost of the service (and, therefore, receive a subsidy), the government is
limiting funds that may be available to provide other community-wide benefits. In effect,
the government is using community funds to pay for private benefit. Unlike most revenue
sources, cities have more control over the level of user fees they charge to recover costs,
or the subsidies they can institute. As such, if the City chooses not to increase fees as
recommended by the fee study, the general taxpayer is covering the cost of services they
may not be using. Budgetarily, this results in less revenue and that tax revenues don't
grow but must cover more costs. This means that the City ultimately does not have
enough fiscal capacity to deliver core services, which places our ability to meet some of
our mandates at risk.
Below is an infographic that demonstrates the key differences between taxes and fees
and how each one benefits the community.
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Figure 1 - Tax v. Fee Benefits
User and Regulatory Fees Overview
A City Fee Study is a review of fees for services rendered. Typically excluded from fee
studies are rate-based fees for enterprise services like water, sewer, transit, and parking.
These fees are generally undertaken with specific studies related to the enterprise or
business services. As a part of the FY 2023-24 adopted budget, user fees for services
makes up 13% of anticipated revenue. As a large part of what goes into providing services
to the community is the labor behind the service, it is important to note that staffing makes
up 72% of the City’s General Fund expenditures, as services to the community are
delivered by staff.
The focus of the study that is currently in process is on fees charged for service (user and
regulatory fees) and does not include review of development impact fees (AB 1600 Fees),
as these fees are used to address the impact of new development on general public
services, certain public facilities, transportation, etc. The City’s development impact fees
consist of Transportation, Parks Impact, Water and Sewer, Police and Fire Impact Fees.
User fees are charges collected for a service provided or required due to the request or
voluntary action of an individual/entity. Regulatory fees are imposed to recover costs
associated with a local government agency's authority or obligation to govern certain
activities. Examples of common types of regulatory fees charged include planning,
engineering, fire, stormwater, and building permit review fees.
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User fees include recreational classes and community sports programs and public safety
services, such as fingerprinting or a California Fire Code or hazardous materials permit.
Per Government Code section 66014(a), user and regulatory fees may not exceed the
City’s reasonable costs to provide the service for which the fee is charged.
Below is an infographic that that demonstrates the key differences between regulatory
fees and user/voluntary fees.
Figure 2 - Regulatory v. User Fees
Cost Recovery Policy
As stated above, the City's user and regulatory fee recovery policy (Attachment A)
identifies cost recovery amounts dependent upon types of services/programs for which
the fee is being charged. The City Council has determined that certain fees should be
established at rates that fully cover the cost of providing a particular service. A cost
recovery goal of 100% means that the full cost of providing the service is passed on to
users of the service and recovered through the fee. A cost recovery of 30% means that
only 30% of the cost to provide the service is passed on to the users of the service and
recovered from the fee.
The following infographic outlines adopted cost recovery policy to be considered in setting
user fees and cost recovery levels.
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Figure 3 - Cost Recovery Policy Factors
The City’s Policy also outlines circumstances favoring high-cost recovery and low-cost
recovery levels and indicate the importance of considering the fees charged by other
agencies to aid in assessing the reasonableness of fees.
Low-cost recovery levels are appropriate under the following circumstances:
1. There is no intended relationship between the amount paid and the benefit
received. Almost all "social service" programs fall into this category as it is
expected that general funds will subsidize services that are necessary to certain
groups in need of services that may exceed the group’s relative ability to pay.
2. Collecting fees is not cost-effective or will significantly impact the efficient delivery
of the service.
3. There is no intent to limit the use of (or entitlement to) the service. Again, most
"social service" programs fit into this category, as well as many public safety (police
and fire) emergency response services. Historically, ongoing maintenance costs
to ensure access to neighborhood and community parks would also fit into this
category.
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4. The service is non-recurring, generally delivered on a "peak demand" or
emergency basis, cannot reasonably be planned for on an individual basis, and is
not readily available from a private sector source, either at all or at the level of need
in a community. Many public safety services also fall into this category.
5. Collecting fees would discourage compliance with regulatory requirements and
adherence is primarily self-identified, and as such, failure to comply would not be
readily detected by the City. Many small-scale licenses and permits might fall into
this category.
High cost recovery levels are followed under the following circumstances :
1. The service is similar to services provided through the private sector.
2. Other private or public sector alternatives could or do exist for the delivery of the
service.
3. For equity or demand management purposes, it is intended that there be a direct
relationship between the amount paid and the level and cost of the service
received.
4. The use of the service is specifically discouraged. Multiple Police responses to
nuisance disturbances or false security alarms might fall into this category.
5. The service is regulatory in nature, driven by voluntary property development
choices, and non-compliance with regulatory requirements could adversely affect
those impacted by the individual property owner’s development choices . Building
permit, plan checks, and subdivision review fees for large projects would fall into
this category.
The City's user fee cost recovery goals provide cost recovery levels for Parks &
Recreation Activities as well as Development Review Programs. Development Review
Programs include:
1. Planning (planned development permits, tentative tract and parcel maps, re -
zonings, general plan amendments, variances, use permits).
2. Building and safety (building permits, structural plan checks, inspections).
3. Engineering (public improvement plan checks, inspections, subdivision
requirements, encroachments).
4. Fire plan check.
The policy indicates cost recovery for Development Review Programs “should generally
be very high” and that “in most instances, the City’s cost recovery goal should be 100%.”.
Adopted Council cost recovery goals for recreation activities indicate that cost recovery
for activities directed to adults should be relatively high, and those directed to
youth/seniors should be relatively low (except that cost recovery should be higher where
services are similar to those provided in the private sector). Cost recovery goals for Parks
& Recreation activities are provided below.
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Current User and Regulatory Fee Study Purpose
The City's User Fee Cost Recovery policy calls for the City to review and update service
charges on an ongoing basis to ensure that they keep pace with changes in the cost -of-
living and changes in methods or levels of service delivery. State law generally provides
that fees for services cannot exceed the reasonable actual costs for providing services.
In implementing this provision, the City has adopted the goal of comprehensively
analyzing service costs at least every five years, with interim adjustments annually based
on changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The last comprehensive fee study was
implemented in 2017.
In San Luis Obispo, past fee studies involved multiple Departments and identified the cost
of providing services and comparing the result to the current fee amount to determine
whether it is recovering the full cost of the service provided. Determination of the full cost
of service focuses on labor and uses expenditure and organizational information with
time-tracking data, time estimates, and workload information. A fee study also provides
an opportunity to add new fees, remove outdated fees, or simplify f ee structures. Like all
jurisdictions, the City is impacted by cost increases and inflationary pressures on labor,
materials and supplies, and needs to ensure that service fees are aligned with the cost of
service and provide an opportunity for the City Co uncil to re-align fee amounts with the
adopted cost recovery policies.
The City completed an extensive Request for Proposal (RFP) process from February –
April 2023. In May 2023, the City contracted with MGT and initiated the process to review
and update the City's user and regulatory fees (Building, Development Review
Engineering, Fire, General Government (administrative services like business license
processing), Parks and Recreation, Planning/Cannabis, Police, Public Works, and
Utilities. The infographic below depicts the purpose and process of the comprehensive
fee study.
Low-Range
0-30%
•Aquatics
•Community gardens
•Junior Ranger camp
•Minor commercial film
permit applications
•Skate park
•Parks and Recreation
sponsored events
•Youth sports
•Teen services
•Senior services
Mid-Range
30-60%
•Triathlon
•Golf
•Summer and Spring
Break Camps
•Classes
•Major commercial film
permit applications
High-Range
60-100%
•Adult athletics
•Banner permit
applications
•Child care services
•Facility rentals (indoor
and outdoor)
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Figure 4 - Comprehensive Fee Study Process
The following is a summarized list of fees for each City department or program studied by
MGT in the current User and Regulatory Fee Study, which can also be found in greater
detail in the FY 2023-24 current fee schedule (Attachment B):
1. General administrative services, including:
a. Business License processing and renewal
b. Returned check processing
c. Appeals to Advisory Bodies following administrative (non-planning)
decisions
2. Community Development services, including:
a. Planning and Zoning - entitlement and permit review and processing
b. Building permit review, processing, and approvals
c. Engineering plan review and encroachment permit processing
d. Cannabis applications and licensing
3. Public Works Department services, including:
a. Construction field inspection for public improvements constructed by private
development
4. Utilities services, including:
a. Meter installation and removal
b. Account set-up and disconnect
c. Water and sewer lateral installation and abandonment
d. Wastewater Industrial Users
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5. Fire Prevention services, including:
a. Hazardous occupancy permits
b. Non-mandated and required fire inspections
c. Certified Unified Participating Agency fees (CUPA)
d. Multi-dwelling fire and life safety inspections
e. Fire sprinkler and suppression system review and inspections
6. Police services, including:
a. Various administrative processing fees such as vehicle impound and
release, alarm permits, taxi permits, etc.
7. Recreational facilities, services, classes, programs and permits, including:
a. Youth Services
b. Aquatics
c. Recreational sports
d. Instructional classes
e. Special events
f. Indoor and outdoor facilities
g. Ranger Service
h. Golf Course
8. Information Technology (IT) Surcharge
a. A 3.05% IT Surcharge is included in fees associated with the overhead
related to the Energov permitting system.
Below is an infographic summarizing at a high level what is included in the fee study and
what is not included in the fee study.
Figure 5 - Summary of What's Included and Not Included in the Fee Study Scope
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User and Regulatory Fee Study Methodology
To determine the estimated/reasonable cost eligible for recovery as a user/regulatory fee,
the study identifies the full cost of service eligible for recovery and those costs are
translated into a fee structure for various programs and services. Determination of the full
cost of service uses expenditure and organizational information with time -tracking data,
time estimates, and workload information. The full cost of service is derived for each
service or activity, and includes labor, services or supplies, and various types of
operational overhead costs.
Thus, the user fee study is comprised of two basic elements:
1. Hourly rates of staff providing the service.
2. Time spent to provide the service.
The product of the hourly rate calculation multiplied by the time spent to provide a service
yields the total cost of the service. For example, if the hourly rate of staff reviewing a
permit is $100 dollars an hour, and it takes staff four (4) hours to review a certain type of
permit, then the total cost to provide the service of reviewing the permit is $400.
Hourly Rates. The hourly rate methodology used in this study builds indirect costs into
hourly salary and benefit rates to arrive at fully burdened hourly rates. The fully burdened
hourly rates calculated by MGT are a mechanism used to calculate the total cost of
providing services. Total cost is generally recognized as the sum of the direct cost
together with a proportionate share of allowable indirect costs. The proper identification
of all costs (including labor, operating expense, department administration , and citywide
support) as “direct” or “indirect” is crucial to the determination of the total cost of providing
services.
Direct costs are typically defined as those that are specifically tied to a particular function
or activity, including the labor of persons working directly on the specific service for which
the fee is charged, and possibly materials or supplies for people to work on the service.
Indirect costs are those that support more tha n one program area and are not easily
identifiable to specific activities. Examples of indirect costs are: 1) departmental
administrative and support staff, 2) training and education time, 3) public counter and
telephone time, 4) some service and supply costs, and 5) citywide overhead costs from
outside of the department as identified in the City’s cost allocation plan.
MGT’s hourly rate calculation methodology includes the following:
1. Personnel Services Analysis – each staff classification within the department or
division is analyzed in the study. The first burden factor is comprised of
compensated absences such as vacation/holidays/sick leave days taken in a
year’s time. Staff classifications are then categorized as either direct (operational)
or indirect (administrative or supervisory) labor. In some cases, a classification will
have both direct and indirect duties. The total indirect portion of staff cost is
incorporated into hourly overhead rates.
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2. Indirect Cost Rate – a ratio of indirect cost to direct labor (salaries plus benefits)
is established. There are three elements of indirect cost incorporated, including:
a. Indirect Labor – includes total compensation, administrative and
supervisory staff costs.
b. Other Operating Expenses – most services and supplies are included as a
second layer of indirect cost and are prorated across all fees and services.
There are some service and supply expenses classified as “allowable direct.
Some examples of these are professional services expenses, or sports
supplies. These allowable direct expenses would be directly associated with
specific fees or programs, as opposed to being allocated across all activities
through the indirect overhead.
c. External Indirect Allocations – this represents the prorated portion of
citywide overhead (from the City’s cost allocation plan) which is attributable
to the service for which the fee is charged.
3. Fully Burdened Hourly Rates – incorporates all the elements that comprise the
hourly rates used in this cost analysis.
a. Each direct or operational staff classification is listed, together with the
average annual salary and benefits.
b. The hourly salary and benefit rate is calculated by taking the annual salary
and benefits of an employee and divid ing by 2,0801 available productive
hours in a year.
c. The overhead rate is derived by multiplying the internal and external indirect
cost rates against the salary and benefit rate.
The total combines the salary, benefits, and overhead rates. This is the fully burdened
rate for each staff classification. MGT prepared indirect overhead rates and
corresponding hourly rate calculations using FY 2023-24 budgeted expenditures. In the
case of Building, one hourly rate was developed using the total salary and benefits and
total indirect expenditures and dividing those costs by the number of direct hours available
for staff.
Time Spent. Once fully burdened hourly rates were developed for City staff, staff and the
consultant worked to identify the time spent directly on each of the user fee activities.
Each staff person involved in the user fee services identified time spent to complete each
task associated with all user fee services. To inform this analysis, staff and the consultant
based this exercise on time spent on delivering various services in FY 2022-23 (the most
recently completed fiscal year).
Fee Calculations and Revenue Projections. MGT calculated the cost of providing each
service, both on a per‐unit and total annual basis (per‐unit cost multiplied by annual
volume equals total annual cost). Costs were calculated by multiplying per‐unit time
estimates by the hourly labor rates; additional operating expenses directly associated with
certain services were also added in.
1 2,080 hours is the total hours in a work year at 52 x 40hrs/week.
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Finally, if other departments or divisions provided support into certain user fee activities,
this time was accounted for and added into the analysis as a crossover support activity.
For example, planning and engineering teams often provide cross support to review
building permits, so the time of planning and engineering staff was account ed for in the
total cost of providing the service of reviewing a building permit. Full costs were then
compared to current fees/revenues collected, and subsidies (or over ‐recoveries) were
identified. It’s also important to note that MGT included comparisons to other jurisdictions
as a part of their analysis which will be included in the final report.
Summary of Preliminary Cost of Service Findings
The following table illustrates the full cost to conduct services in each department/division
in FY 2022-2023 as well as the actual revenue realized in that same fiscal year and the
percentage of actual costs that were recovered. This is important background information
that provides the City with valuable insight into the current cost recovery levels and will
help inform necessary changes in fees to better align future fees with cost recovery policy
goals as staff continue to review the final report from MGT.
Department / Division Full Cost to Conduct
Services2
Current Revenue &
Cost Recovery Level
1 Building and Safety (CDD) $4,097,808 $3,952,334 96%
2 Engineering (CDD) $2,114,280 $1,372,852 65%
3 Planning / Cannabis (CDD) $2,301,514 $1,211,812 53%
4 Fire $1,301,320 $962,996 74%
5 Police $250,213 $356,254 142%
6 General Government
(Administration/Finance)
$388,259 $533,154 137%
7 Parks and Recreation $9,840,424 $1,906,407 19%
8 Public Works $67,138 $64,954 97%
9 Utilities $2,029,620 $1,071,626 53%
As shown, the City’s current recovery amount varies significantly depending on the
department/division and also varies within each department/division. As discussed
above, the City’s cost recovery policy guides decisions about the ultimate fee amounts
adopted. Under the current policy, all fees will be recommended to recover near 100% of
identified costs, with the exception of Parks and Recreation, fees established by statute
or applicable administrative code, and some of the Planning fees as discussed in the next
section. Recovery at greater than 100% indicates that a change has occurred since the
fees were last studied in 2017 such that less time is now required for the service (less
time spent on a given task reduces the cost of providing that service). This may occur for
several reasons, such as process improvements or computer system enhancements that
make certain tasks faster. Any services identified as recovering greater than 100% will be
reduced to comply with user and regulatory fee requirements.
2 Annual cost does include all cross-support costs from other departments.
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Highlights and Key Changes per Department/Division
In addition to recommending changes to fee amounts based on current recovery levels
and analysis of staff cost and time spent on activities, staff and the consultant are
developing other recommended changes to the fees. These other changes include
significant changes to the structure of some fees, addition of new fees, removal of fees
that are no longer needed, and renaming and consolidation of fees. Because these are
highlights and key changes, some of the fee changes were not included as a part of the
below summary as they were routine updates. Some of the key changes that staff will
present to the Council with the draft report at a future meeting include:
Building and Safety
Currently, Building and Safety fees include flat fees as well as fees that are
charged on a base + increment schedule as reflected on 30 separate matrixes.
The flat fees are generally assessed for activities that require the same amount of
review regardless of the project (for exam ple, review required for a permit and
inspection of the installation of a new water heater is the same regardless of the
address or size of home). The base + increment fees are generally used for
applications/projects that can vary greatly in the amount of effort needed to review
an application. For example, the time and effort required to review permits for a
new building will vary greatly if the building is a 400 square foot ADU or a 140,000
square foot commercial building.
After reviewing the current fee schedule, and in consultation with the Consultant,
the Building and Safety Division will be proposing an overhaul of the building permit
fee structure in order to simplify the fees and make them easier for staff and
applicants to understand.
o As described above, the current building construction permit fee schedule
is complex. The new proposed structure will reduce the number of fee
categories from 15 to 11. The fees categories are being simplified so that
no project falls under multiple categories.
o Currently, the fee structure is represented as 30 separate matrices. 15 are
for plan check services, and 15 are for building inspection services. Each
matrix represents a building use, and calculates fees based on square
footage and type of construction.
Construction permits will be simplified into 11 categories with a price per square
foot for plan review and for inspections; the categories are aligned with the types
of permits that are issued. These new categories will replace the 30 matrices that
consists of hundreds of different options.
The individual fee categories are currently range in recovering between 75-100%
of the costs.
Engineering
Engineering fees are assessed as either a percentage of estimated construction
costs, a fixed fee or base + increment, depending on the type of permit/application
being reviewed.
o The fee structure for Improvement Plan Check and Construction Inspection
are proposed to be simplified from a tiered scale to a percentage basis. Both
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methods calculate fees based on the estimated construction cost, however
the percentage basis is easier to understand and calculate.
The individual fee categories are currently range in recovering between 20-100%
of the costs.
Planning and Cannabis
The Planning Division assesses fees for a wide variety of activities related to the
use of private property such as entitlement permits for new multifamily and
commercial projects, conditional use permits for certain uses, and general plan
amendments.
Current Planning fees include fixed fees as well as deposit fees.
o Fixed fees are used for planning applications/actions that generally require
the same amount of work regardless of the location/type of project (for
example, all Conditional Use Permit requests cost the same amount).
o Deposit based fees are used for planning applications that have a wide
range of work depending on the complexity of the project, such as a
Planned Development, Rezoning or Environmental Impact Report.
Currently, as outlined in the existing fee schedule, some planning fees are
collected in two phases. A portion of the fee, the “application fee” is collected upon
application submittal, and remainder, the “completion fee” is invoiced when action
is taken on the application. A hold is then placed on the property so when a
subsequent permit is submitted in association with the property, the fee is
collected. This payment system was established in 2017 and provides flexibility for
applicants who wish to pay their planning application fees in two installments.
However, this process impacts Community Development’s ability to realize full cost
recovery for services due to the fact that some planning applications that are
completed and invoiced are never paid by the applicant, do not materialize into
projects for a variety of reasons, or do not require a subsequent permit to
implement the project. When this occurs, the City is limited in its ability to collect
the second installment of the planning fee that was assessed, even though the
planning application was fully processed, and services rendered. The reason that
this approach was established, which originated during the “Great Recession,” was
to distribute the entitlement cost burden to both the beginning and the end of the
project’s lifespan. This practice was carefully crafted in partnership with various
trade and business organizations and was continued as part of the 2017 fee
update. Staff are seeking direction from Council on whether to continue this
practice of splitting the collection of planning fees, as described in question #1 in
the table below.
The individual fee categories are currently range in recovering between 4-100% of
the costs.
Fire
The current fire construction permit fee schedule operates on a base + increment
structure, which currently has a total of 128 fees. For efficiency, a recommendation
is being made to adopt the same methodology/construction categories as Building
and Safety.
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The individual fee categories are currently range in recovering between 40-100%
of the costs.
Police
Some alterations to alarm permit and false alarm response fees will be
recommended that will result in lower fees in light of changes to operations (i.e .
the use of a third party to administer alarm permits) and recommendations about
escalating false alarm response fees.
The individual fee categories are currently range in recovering between 30-145%
of the costs.
Parks and Recreation
The costs of services were evaluated consistent with the methodology outlined
above, which integrates the support costs from other departments, such as Public
Works for programs that utilize City parks and facilities, along with Fire and Police
for special event applications.
Consistent with the adopted cost recovery policy, Parks and Recreation fees will
be evaluated for elasticity of demand of the individual programs within each of the
categories to determine where (if any) fee increases could be made without
jeopardizing loss of participants. The fee structure for Parks and Recreation
services were sensitive to the "market" for similar services as well as to smaller,
infrequent users of the services. This was incorporated into the analysis by the
consultant and staff when reviewing each fee. The fees are divided into divisional
groups: Youth Services- academic year and camps, Youth Sports, Aquatics,
Recreational Adult Sports, Instructional Classes, Special Events (Fee & Non-Fee),
Indoor Facilities, Outdoor Facilities, Jr. Ranger Camp, Golf Course and Special
Events.
MGT identified the current cost recovery for before and after school childcare, as
well as camps, at 49%. The current cost recovery policy identifies childcare to fall
within the 60-100% cost recovery standard and camps to fall within the 30-60%
cost recovery standard. In developing its analysis, MGT has incorporated a more
comprehensive assessment of program overhead resources (including, for
instance, facility and utility costs, as well as supplies, staffing, marketing,
registration, etc.) in the total costs of the City’s childcare services resulting in MGT
identifying a lower cost recovery percentage (49%), whereas the previous fee
study only incorporated the direct Parks and Recreation Department costs which
resulted in an identified higher cost recovery.
MGT identified the current cost recovery for golf operations at 21%. The City’s cost
recovery policy identifies golf services to fall within the 30-60% cost recovery
standard. Fee recommendations for golf course services will take into account
local market comparisons to comparable sized courses, planned programming that
provides equitable access for the community, and supports the 30-60% cost
recovery policy.
Page 196 of 199
Item 8a
The department is recommending implementing a non-resident fee for key
programs and facility rentals such as camps (spring break, summer, and Jr.
Ranger), impacted classes, and facility rentals (Ja ck House Garden, Swim
Center). The incorporation of resident and non-resident fee classifications is a
common practice by municipal recreational agencies. Camps and swim lessons
tend to have waitlists and are impacted by the number of non-resident enrollments.
The non-resident surcharge is expected to have the added benefit of more resident
enrollments, and also help programs meet cost recovery targets without significant
increases to residents.
Previous Council or Advisory Body Action
The previous fee study review Study Session was conducted on February 21, 2017, and
the subsequent Public Hearing was held on April 18, 2017. CPI adjustments have been
made annually through Fiscal Year 23-24.
Public Engagement
Staff began public engagement to inform stakeholders and the public regarding the fee
study and update process in the beginning of February and are currently on the agendas
for the February 15 Developer’s Roundtable meeting, and the March 6, 2024 Par ks and
Recreation Commission meeting which may include recreational community user group
representatives associated with sport field and facility rentals (roller hockey rink, swim
center, golf course).
As indicated in Next Steps below, staff will perform additional outreach until the planned
March 19, 2024 City Council Public Hearing in order to review and discuss the proposed
fee changes and answer questions from interested parties including but not limited to
residents, Chamber of Commerce, Downtown SLO, Student Community Liaison
Committee (SCLC), Neighborhood Groups, and other interested public parties, including
public utilities. Outreach will be in the form of in-person meetings and an Open City Hall
page on the City’s website. Additional informationa l outreach will be conducted after
adoption of any new rates to ensure that the public and impacted groups are aware of the
changes both before and when they are implemented.
CONCURRENCE
All appropriate City departments have been extensively involved in providing information
including budget information, staffing information, and time estimates to the consultant.
All requisite departments have also performed extensive review of draft fee models
provided by the consultant and are all currently finalizing a nd comments and review on
the final report.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) does not apply to the recommended
action in this report, because the action does not constitute a “Project” under CEQA
Guidelines Sec. 15378.
Page 197 of 199
Item 8a
FISCAL IMPACT
Budgeted: N/A Budget Year: 2024-25
Funding Identified: N/A
Fiscal Analysis:
Funding
Sources
Total Budget
Available
Current
Funding
Request
Remaining
Balance
Annual
Ongoing
Cost
General Fund $0 $0 $0 $0
State
Federal
Fees
Other:
Total $0 $0 $0 $0
There are no direct fiscal impacts associated with this study session; aside from the
consultant costs to conduct the study that were budgeted as a part of Fiscal Year 2023-
24. As discussed in the summary section above, the City is currently recovering between
43-157% of costs associated with providing user and regulatory services, depending on
the service. At the planned March 19, 2024 City Council meeting, Council will have the
opportunity to adopt initial recommended fee amounts by staff or to direct further revisions
to the proposed fees and return at a later date for adoption.
NEXT STEPS
Staff will continue work to finalize the draft fee study based on the feedback received at
this study session. In addition, staff will perform additional outreach to interested parties
to review, discuss, and inform the community of the proposed fee changes consistent
with the Public Engagement and Noticing (PEN) Manual. Outreach will inclu de in-person
meetings as well an Open City Hall page including a narrated PowerPoint presentation
and opportunity for written feedback.
On March 19, 2024, staff will return to the City Council in response to direction provided
on February 20, 2024, with recommendations and a resolution to consider for adoption
an updated fee schedule. Pursuant to applicable laws, several categories of fees cannot
become effective until 60 days after adoption. If adopted prior to May 1, 2024, the
comprehensive fee schedule will become effective on July 1, 2024.
Page 198 of 199
Item 8a
FOCUS QUESTIONS FOR CITY COUNCIL DIRECTION
Staff has provided the following focused questions to facilitate City Council discussion
and direction to staff:
Questions for City Council Direction
Yes No
1 Is the Council supportive of Planning fees being collected in -
full at the time of planning application submittal or should the
practice continue to collect fees at the beginning and end of a
project?
2 Should any significant increases in fees be phased in over
multiple years? For example, if a fee increases more than 25%
should the fee increase by 12.5% in year one and another
12.5% in year two or for a longer period3?
ALTERNATIVES
The Council could direct staff to not continue the finalization of the fee study and
delay completion of the fee study until a later date. This action is not recommended
in order to be in alignment with the Fee Cost Recovery Goals within the City’s Fiscal
Policies, including that fees are reviewed and updated on an ongoing basis (every five
years and in the interim annually by CPI) to ensure that they keep pace with changes in
the cost-of-living as well as changes in methods or levels of service delivery.
RESOURCES
City Cost Recovery Goals (Financial Plan 23-25, Fiscal Policies, Section 2)
City Current FY 23-24 Comprehensive Fee Schedule
3 The basis for this option would be to smooth out the inflationary impacts of fees as a result of sustained
and seemingly transitory high levels of inflation.
Page 199 of 199
1
CITYWIDE USER FEE STUDY
STUDY SESSION
February 20, 2024 City Council Meeting
2
Recommendation
1.Hold a study session and receive a presentation on the City’s user and
regulatory fees;and
2.Receivepublic input and provide guidance to staff regarding recommended
fee-related structural changes and any adjustments to current policies or
practices;and
3.Direct staff to defer the Public Hearing to be in alignment with the timing of
the Impact Fee Study,which is anticipated to be completed by January
2025.
3
Background
4
Taxes
v.
Fees
5
Regulatory v. User Fees
6
Cost Recovery Policy
7
Cost Recovery Policy –Parks and Recreation
Low-Range
0-30%
•Aquatics
•Community gardens
•Junior Ranger camp
•Minor commercial film permit applications
•Skate park
•Parks and Recreation sponsored events
•Youth sports
•Teen services
•Senior services
Mid-Range
30-60%
•Triathlon
•Golf
•Summer and Spring Break Camps
•Classes
•Major commercial film permit applications
High-Range
60-100%
•Adult athletics
•Banner permit applications
•Child care services
•Facility rentals (indoor and outdoor)
8
Fee Study Process and Purpose
9
Fee Study Scope
10
Methodology
•Determination of the full cost of service uses expenditure and organizational information
with time-tracking data, time estimates, and workload information.
•The full cost of service is derived for each service or activity, and includes labor,
services or supplies, and various types of operational overhead costs.
•Thus, the user fee study is comprised of two basic elements:
1.Hourly rates of staff providing the service.
2.Time spent to provide the service.
•Hourly Rate Methodology includes:
•Personnel Services Analysis
•Indirect Cost Rate
•Fully Burdened Hourly Rates
11
Methodology –Personnel Services Analysis
Each staff classification within the department or division is analyzed in the study.
The first burden factor is comprised of compensated absences such as vacation/holidays/sick leave days taken in a year’s time.
Staff classifications are then categorized as either direct (operational) or indirect (administrative or supervisory) labor.
In some cases, a classification will have both direct and indirect duties. The total indirect portion of staff cost is incorporated into hourly overhead rates.
12
Methodology –Indirect Cost Rate
Indirect Labor
•Includes total compensation, administrative and supervisory staff costs.
Other Operating Expenses
•Most services and supplies are included as a second layer of indirect cost and are prorated across all fees and services. There are some service and supply expenses classified as “allowable direct”. Some examples of these are professional services expenses, or sports supplies.
External Indirect Allocations
•This represents the prorated portion of citywide overhead (from the City’s cost allocation plan) which is attributable to the service for which the fee is charged.
13
Methodology –Fully Burdened Hourly Rates
Each direct or operational staff classification is listed, together with the average annual salary and benefits.
The hourly salary and benefit rate is calculated by taking the annual salary and benefits of an employee and dividing by 2,080 available productive hours in a year.
The overhead rate is derived by multiplying the internal and external indirect cost rates against the salary and benefit rate.
14
Methodology
•Time spent - Staff and the consultant worked to identify the time spent directly on each of the
user fee activities.
•MGT calculated the cost of providing each service, both on a per‐unit and total annual basis
(per‐unit cost multiplied by annual volume equals total annual cost).
•Costs were calculated by multiplying per‐unit time estimates by the hourly labor rates; additional
operating expenses directly associated with certain services were also added in.
•Finally, if other departments or divisions provided support into certain user fee activities, this time
was accounted for and added into the analysis as a crossover support activity.
•Full costs were then compared to current fees/revenues collected, and subsidies (or
over‐recoveries) were identified.
15
Current Cost Recovery Levels
Department / Division Full Cost to
Conduct Services
Current Revenue &
Cost Recovery
Level
1 Building and Safety (CDD)$4,097,808 $3,952,334 96%
2 Engineering (CDD)$2,114,280 $1,372,852 65%
3 Planning / Cannabis (CDD)$2,301,514 $1,211,812 53%
4 Fire $1,301,320 $962,996 74%
5 Police $250,213 $356,254 142%
6 General Government
(Administration/Finance)
$388,259 $533,154 137%
7 Parks and Recreation $9,840,424 $1,906,407 19%
8 Public Works $67,138 $64,954 97%
9 Utilities $2,029,620 $1,071,626 53%
16
Highlights and Key Changes per Department/Division
Building & Safety
•Simplify the fee structure and make them easier for staff and applicants to
understand.
•Currently,the fee structure is represented as 30 separate matrices.15 are for
plan check services,and 15 are for building inspection services.Each matrix
represents a building use,and calculates fees based on square footage and type
of construction.
•Construction permits will be simplified from 15 to 11 categories with a price per
square foot for plan review and for inspections;the categories are aligned with the
types of permits that are issued.
17
Highlights and Key Changes per Department/Division
Engineering
•The fee structure for Improvement Plan Check and Construction
Inspection are proposed to be simplified from a tiered scale to a
percentage basis.Both methods calculate fees based on the
estimated construction cost,however the percentage basis is
easier to understand and calculate.
18
Highlights and Key Changes per Department/Division
Planning and Cannabis
•Currently,as outlined in the existing fee schedule,some planning fees are
collected in two phases.
•This payment system was established in 2017 and provides flexibility for
applicants who wish to pay their planning application fees in two
installments.
•However,this process impacts Community Development’s ability to realize
full cost recovery for services.
19
Highlights and Key Changes per Department/Division
Fire
•The current fire construction permit fee schedule operates on a base +increment
structure,which currently has a total of 128 fees.For efficiency,a
recommendation is being made to adopt the same methodology/construction
categories as Building and Safety.
Police
•Some alterations to alarm permit and false alarm response fees will be
recommended that will result in lower fees in light of changes to operations (i.e.
the use of a third party to administer alarm permits) and recommendations about
escalating false alarm response fees.
20
Highlights and Key Changes per Department/Division
Parks and Recreation
•Cross support was incorporated into the analysis by the consultant and staff when
reviewing each fee.
•MGT identified the current cost recovery for before and after school childcare,as well
as camps,at 49%.
•MGT identified the current cost recovery for golf operations at 21%.
•The department is recommending implementing a non-resident fee for key programs
and facility rentals such as camps (spring break,summer,and Jr.Ranger),impacted
classes,and facility rentals (Jack House Garden,Swim Center).
21
Public Engagement
Scheduled
•Developer’s Roundtable –February 15
•Parks and Recreation Commission –March 6
Continuing Information Sharing
•Chamber of Commerce
•Downtown SLO
•Student Community Liaison Committee (SCLC)
•Neighborhood Groups
•Public Utilities
•Other Interested Parties
•Open City Hall
22
Questions for City Council Direction
Questions for City Council Direction
Yes No
1 Is the Council supportive of Planning fees being collected in-
full at the time of planning application submittal or should the
practice continue to collect fees at the beginning and end of a
project?
2 Should any significant increases in fees be phased in over
multiple years?For example,if a fee increases more than 25%
should the fee increase by 12.5%in year one and another
12.5%in year two or for a longer period?
23
Recommendation
1.Hold a study session and receive a presentation on the City’s
user and regulatory fees;and
2.Receivepublic input and provide guidance to staff regarding
recommended fee-related structural changes and any
adjustments to current policies or practices;and
3.Direct staff to defer the Public Hearing to be in alignment with
the timing of the Impact Fee Study,which is anticipated to be
completed by January 2025.