HomeMy WebLinkAbout08/30/1994, 1 - WASTEWATER DRAINAGE BASIN B INFILTRATION AND INFLOW INVESTIGATION MEET.'tJG DATE:
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city of San ' IS osespo 30-9�-6:0 .,•,.
COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT ITEM 1vuMdEM:
From: John Moss.I Prepared by: Dan Boyd
Utilities D for Wastewater Collection Supervisor
SUBJECT: Wastewater Drainage Basin B Infiltration and Inflow Investigation
CAO RECOMMENDATION
By motion, receive report concerning Wastewater Drainage Basin B Infiltration and Inflow
investigation results and direct staff to develop and return to Council with a service lateral
investigation and rehabilitation program.
DISCUSSION
The City's wastewater collection system and water reclamation facility has long been
experiencing problems with excessive wet weather Infiltration and Inflow (I/n. The UI has
caused problems with the water reclamation and treatment processes, surcharging, overflows,
effluent violations and the release of partially treated wastewater to the creek due to hydraulic
overloading.
In July 1989, Council directed staff to work towards elimination of I/I rather than designing and
constructing the phase II relief sewer project.
The collection system is divided into fourteen UI drainage basins (A-N). An UI study,
performed by Brown and Caldwell Engineers in 1987, indicated that the more significant
contribution of UI was coming from drainage basins B,D,E,F and H. Subsequently, drainage
basin "B" was selected as the first target basin to be investigated. The investigation consisted !
of smoke testing, video inspection, dry and wet weather flow monitoring, physical inspection
and dye testing.
I/I INVESTIGATION COMPONENTS AND RESULTS
• Smoke Testing
Smoke testing shows pipe leaks that are located under permeable surface materials such
as open fields and lawn areas, inflow sources such as storm drains, roof drains etc.
connected directly to the sewer system, and waste and vent systems that are not working
properly. The majority of the privately owned upper service lateral system (building to
property line) is located under permeable surface material. The majority of the lower
service lateral system (property line to City sewer main) and public sewer system is
located under impermeable surface material (asphalt and/or concrete). 'Subsequently the
smoke test works well for identifying leaks in the upper service laterals and those few
public sewers located under permeable material (mostly easement areas), but does not
work well for the lower service laterals and the majority of the public sewer that is
located under impermeable surfaces.
001111P11►111 city of San 1 .iS OBISp0
COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT
I/I Investigation Components and Results
Page 2
• Smoke Testing Results
The smoke testing performed in drainage basin B tested 601 service laterals and 32,731'.
feet of public sewer. The smoke testing is accomplished by isolatinga section of pipe
(manhole to manhole) and pressurizing the pipe with air and smoke. The smoke is
forced through the sewer mains, service laterals, service lateral vent pipes and any
cracks, offset joints etc. located in the collection system.
The results of smoke testing the service laterals indicated that 10.1% of the service
laterals leaked and 15.1% displayed no smoke through the vent system. No smoke
through the vent pipes indicates other problems, such as, improperly vented waste pipes,
a p-trap in the primary service lateral, and/or the primary service lateral not being
installed at the proper grade. The smoke testing results thus indicate 25.2% of the
service laterals tested had some problems.
The public sewer system not covered by impermeable material also showed some
deficiencies. A less significant number of leaks were identified in the public sewer
system. A majority of the manholes tested leaked because of age and design but appear
to be a less significant source of I/I because of their location in the drainage area.
Only a few inflow sources, a roof.drain, floor drain and storm drain, were identified.
These inflow sources have been corrected.
• Video Inspection
Video inspection identifies pipe defects such as offset joints, root intrusion, cracks,
broken pipe, etc. The video inspection also identifies tap-locations (point of service
lateral connection to the City mainline), infiltration of water from defects, pipe material,
pipe length, and many other important factors related to the inspection. Video inspection
was only performed on sewer main lines. Additional specialized equipment will be .
required to performvideo inspection on private service laterals.
• Video Inspection Results
The video inspection consisted of inspecting 36,442' feet of public sewer. Root intrusion
was the most significant problem identified but does not appear to create a significant
source of I/I in the public sewer system. Numerous structural defects were identified but
also do not appear to create a significant source of I/I in the public sewer system. It is
assumed this is the case because the majority of the public sewer system is located under
impermeable surfaces. Infiltration of,ground water (as opposed to rainfall dependent I/I)
does not appear to be a problem in basin B. The video inspection did reveal 708 tap
locations (not capped) as active services. 601 service laterals were confirmed as the
MY of San L AIS OBISpo
MiS COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT
UI Investigation Components and Results
Page 3
actual number of services in drainage basin B. Subsequently, there are 107 service
laterals that may have been improperly abandoned and may be a significant source of UI.
The video inspection also revealed that 11% of the tap locations identified showed roots
entering the public sewer main from the service lateral. During wet-weather video
inspections numerous service laterals were observed infiltrating rain water at the tap
location.
• Flow Monitoring
Flow monitoring records average flow and peak flows. The flow monitoring was
performed during dry and wet weather. During wet weather the flow monitor showed
a significant increase to the average and peak flows. The increase shows the amount of
UI entering the system for that specific rain episode.
•. Flow Monitoring Results
Flow monitoring performed in drainage basin B evaluated the basin in three sub-areas,
upper, middle and lower. Several different locations through-out the basin were flow
monitored. The data recorded from one monitoring location at the intersection of
Ramona and South Tassajara (upper basin B) will be used as an example. This location
monitored a specific reach of sewer mainline(8,842 feet of public sewer that serves 201
residences). Dry weather flows at this location recorded an average of 7 gpm (gallons
per minute) in July 1991, at 2:00 am. An average of 446 gpm was recorded during wet
weather flows in February 1992, at 2:00 a•m• in the same location. The data recorded
shows the difference between dry and wet weather flows during a specific rain episode.
The overall results of the flow monitoring in drainage basin B indicate the III problem
is wide spread through-out the basin.
• Physical Inspection
Physical inspection of manholes identifiesand records defects, infiltration of water from
defects, inflow sources, material used and physical location of the manhole (if the
manhole is located in street or drainage channel etc.). Physical inspections are also
performed on all sewer mainlines and the surface areas above sewer mainlines to identify
surface material, surface material defects, location, type of pipe etc., to assist in the
evaluation process.
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• Physical Inspection Results
There are 173 manholes in drainage basin B. All of the manholes were inspected and
the results were recorded. Numerous manhole problems were identified and will be
repaired as priorities dictate. Manholes that are found to be in drainage channels which
city of san t..,s oBIspo
COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT
Investigation Components and Results
Page 4
may contribute significant I/I are scheduled for immediate repair. The manhole problems
appear to be a less significant source of IR as related to the overall collection system.
• Dye Testing
Dye testing is performed to verify inflow and infiltration sources. The dye test will also
verify service lateral locations in mainlines. Extensive dye testing was not performed
in basin B, however, the dye test was used to verify the source of water observed
entering the main at a tap location as being infiltration.
• Dye Testing Results
A test was performed on one of the service laterals that appeared to be infiltrating rain
water during a video inspection and also revealed smoke during the smoke testing. Ten
gallons of water mixed with tracing dye was poured onto the ground above the lateral,
the camera was positioned in the City main at the tap location of the service connection,
the tracing dye appeared at the tap location in 3 minutes. Three inflow sources were also
verified through dye testing, a roof drain, floor drain and storm drain. These inflow
sources were identified through smoke testing and verified through dye testing as sources
of inflow to the wastewater collection system. These inflow sources have been corrected.
OVERALL I/I EVALUATION
• Public Sewers
A less significant number of sources were identified infiltrating rain water in the public
sewer system. A majority of the public sewer system is located under impermeable
surface material such as, asphalt and concrete. No significant ground water infiltration
problem was found in drainage basin B and identified inflow sources have been
corrected.
• Service Laterals
The video inspections performed in drainage basin B during the wet weather in January
through March of 1992, revealed- numerous service laterals that appeared to be
infiltrating rain water. The laterals were observed at the tap location in the City main.
The tap locations that appeared to be infiltrating water, displayed a continuous flow at
a high velocity that appeared to be abnormally clear. The water did not display the usual
signs of wastewater, such as, debris, human waste or steam that is generated from a
shower or dishwasher. To substantiate the source of the water the I/I crew contacted
several of the residences in question. They found that some of the residences were not
occupied, and others were'not using any facilities at the time-.of the inspection.
city of San �61S OBtspo
COUNCIL AGENDA REPORT
I/I Investigation Components and Results
Page 5
The investigation indicates that a significant portion of the I/I in basin B is coming from
the service laterals. A video inspection of all service laterals should be performed to
identify the condition of the service lateral system and insure the most cost effective
repair.
SIGNIFICANT NEXT STEP
If the recommended action is approved by Council, staff will present the.results of the I/I
investigation of basin B and seek input from public interest/neighborhood groups to help define
and incorporate public concerns in the development of a comprehensive lateral rehabilitation
program. Staff will return to Council with a program that will be designed to correct VI and
manage the private and public sewer system.
SUMMARY
The recent comprehensive investigation of drainage basin B was completed for publicly owned
sewer mains and manholes but could only partially address the private service laterals through
smoke testing. The privately owned service laterals need to be investigated, rehabilitated and
maintained in conjunction with the City maintained collection system. This will enable the City
to achieve the highest impact on reducing UI. A service lateral inspection and rehabilitation
program will enable the City to manage this portion of the system and insure its safelsanitary
operation.
FISCAL IMPACT
There is no fiscal impact associated with the recommended action. However, a service lateral
rehabilitation program could have a significant fiscal impact. If the recommended action is
approved by Council, staff will provide a detailed cost analysis with the lateral rehabilitation
program once developed.
ALTERNATIVES
Take no action. This alternative is not recommended. The wastewater collection system and
service laterals are aging and in need of rehabilitation to correct I/I. The on-going rehabilitation
of the entire wastewater collection system through long and short range programs will correct
the problems, enhance customer service and provide improved management.
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