HomeMy WebLinkAbout11/18/2003, BUS 4 - STENNER CANYON HYDROELECTRIC FEASIBILITY STUDY council lNov. 18, 2003
Agenda Report " h L)s
CITY OF SAN LUISOBISPO
FROM: John Moss, Utilities Directo
Prepared By: Gary Hende on Water Division Manager
SUBJECT: STENNER CANYON HYDROELECTRIC FEASIBILITY STUDY
CAO RECOMMENDATION
1. Receive and file the Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Facility Feasibility Study.
2. Endorse further evaluation of Alternative 2B relative to reactivation of the Stenner
Canyon Hydroelectric Facility.
3. Approve amendment to contract with Black and. Veatch for additional analysis and
project support for an amount not to exceed $27,255 (included as Task 730 of
Amendment 1 to contract with Black and Veatch for Phase H services for the Water
Treatment Plant Improvement Project, separate agenda report). (See Business Item_'.3)
REPORT-IN-BRIEF
The Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Facility Feasibility Study was prepared by Black and Veatch
to evaluate alternatives available for maximizing the hydroelectric power recovery potential of
the Salinas Reservoir raw water supply system that feeds the Water Treatment Plant (WTP). The
existing Stenner Canyon Hydroplant was constructed in 1984-1985 but has not been operated
since 1994 due to modifications at the WTP and the Cuesta Tunnel (which delivers water to the
hydroplant).
The study evaluated various alternatives and developed capital cost estimates, as well as potential
savings and long term benefits of the project. The most promising alternative envisions
operating the existing hydroelectric plant and utilizing the generated power for operation of the
WTP as well as the Transfer Pump Station. There is a much greater potential savings associated
with providing our own power to the WTP versus selling the power to PG&E at the hydroplant
site and buying power from PG&E (at higher rates) for the WTP.
While the recommended alternative appears financially beneficial, there are still a number of
questions and design issues that must be further evaluated to ensure a successful project that will
not impact the water quality and the operational reliability of the WTP. The recommended action
will provide further.detailed engineering analysis of the remaining questions and assist with
negotiations with PG&E relative to the contract for power purchases.
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Council Agenda Report—Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Feasibility Study
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DISCUSSION
Background
The Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Plant was constructed in 1984-1985 at which time the City
contracted with PG&E to sell the energy generated. The original contract with PG&E required
full power generation during all peak energy periods. This contract requirement could not be
guaranteed due to potential limitations in water quality and storage at Salinas Reservoir which
provides the raw water source for the hydro operation. In the mid-1990's, City staff were
notified by PG&E that we were in violation of the terms of our contract. As such, the contract
was converted to a Standard Offer #1 (SO1) contract which allows excess power purchases at
any time. The current contract pays less for the energy generated than the original contract.
The City has studied the potential for reactivation of the hydroelectric facility in the past and
many questions still remained relative to the ability to safely operate the hydro facility while
maintaining the WTP's water quality and operational reliability. The engineering firm of Black
and Veatch was retained to provide a more detailed evaluation of potential alternatives available
relative to reactivation of the hydroelectric facility. The objective of the feasibility study is to
identify and evaluate alternatives,at a conceptual level, for maximizing the hydroelectric power
recovery potential of the Salinas Reservoir raw water supply system that feeds the WTP.
Issues
There are three main areas of concern raised by staff relative to reactivation of the power plant.
1. Safety - The safety issues involve the physical diversion of raw water to the hydroelectric
unit. The control valves require manual operation below ground level and the high
pressures result in extreme vibrations and the potential for pipe failure.
2. Operations - The second issue has to do with modifications that have occurred since the
hydroplant was last operated. Modifications to the Cuesta Tunnel have reduced the
available water storage in the tunnel which was utilized to provide constant head pressure
for the hydroplant. Also, flows into the WTP were modified so that the pipelines from
Whale Rock and Salinas deliver water directly into the ozone basin. These changes in
operation brought into question whether the hydro facility can be operated under the
current conditions.
3. Power Fluctuations - The final area involves potential impacts to the operation of the
WTP. There is the potential for the hydroelectric facility to cause power fluctuations
which could cause the ozone generation system at the WTP to shut down. Unanticipated
shut downs would cause operational problems and could result in impacts to water
quality.
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Council Agenda Report—Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Feasibility Study
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Black and Veatch has analyzed each of these areas of concern and have formulated strategies
which will minimize or eliminate them. The following list summarizes the analysis and solution
to each of the issues discussed above.
1. Safety - To address the safety issue, the valve vault and pipeline alignment would be
modified to eliminate the 90° bends in the pipeline and install motor operated control
valves to allow remote operation of the valves. The reconstruction of the junction
structure should minimize potential safety related concerns raised by operations staff.
2. Operational - With the modifications to the Cucsta Tunnel as part of the State Water
Project, the previous operation strategy for the hydroplant will likely not work. In
addition, the modifications at the WTP have changed how water is conveyed into the
treatment plant. To address these issues, Black and Veatch has developed a strategy to
potentially utilize the abandoned clarifier from the old water treatment plant which is
located near the hydroplant. The clarifier would be used to control the flow rate to the
water treatment plant and minimize pressure in the pipeline from the hydroplant to the
WTP. The control strategy should allow proper operation of the hydroelectric plant
while providing relatively constant flow rates to the WTP, which is necessary to insure
proper water treatment.
3. Power Fluctuation - The area of concern relative to power fluctuation is still one of the
larger concerns associated with activation of the hydroplant. At the conceptual level,
Black and Veatch engineers believe that electrical transfer switching and other protection
measures can minimize potential impacts to the WTP operations. This issue will have to
be more fully evaluated and developed through conversations with PG&E during project
design. While there may be ways to minimize potential impacts to WTP operations,
there may still be the possibility of unanticipated hydroplant shutdown which could
result in a power "blip" which would likely shutdown the plant ozone power supply
units. An operational strategy and procedure will need to be developed to address this
concern.
Feasibility Study Alternatives
The feasibility study evaluated numerous alternatives available to the City if the hydroelectric
facility were to be reactivated. The study evaluated the capital cost of each alternative, annual
power generation, impacts on the WTP and operational flexibility. The alternatives evaluated are
summarized below. Table 1 on Page 5 summarizes all of the alternatives and resulting annual
costs, net cost/savings (per year) and payback periods. The net cost or net savings takes into
account the annual debt service payments, operation and maintenance costs, energy sales and
savings due to utilizing power from the hydroplant for WTP operations instead of purchasing
power from PG&E.
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Council Agenda Report—Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Feasibility Study
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Alternatives IA and 1B
Alternatives IA and 113 involve Net Cost/(Savings) Compared
restarting the existing Alternative Capital Cost
hydroelectric facility and to Present Condition
selling energy to PG&E under IA $1,006,000 ($35,000)
the existing SOI contract. 1B $1,249,000 ($16,000)
Alternative 1B includes an interconnection with the abandoned clarifier at the hydroelectric plant
site to provide regulating storage that will reduce flow impacts on the WTP.
Alternatives 2A, 213, and 2C
These three alternatives all involve restarting the existing hydroplant, but using the power from
the facility for operation of the WTP and the transfer pump station via a new 12kV electrical line
between the facilities. These
alternatives have the benefit of Alternative Capital Cost Net Cost/(Savings) Compared
significantly reducing power to Present Condition
purchases from PG&E, the cost 2A $2,087,000 ($56,000)
of which are considerably 2B $2,137,000 ($52,000)
higher than the price paid by 2C $2,237,000 ($44,000)
PG&E for power produced under the terms of the SOI contract. The alternatives also examine
different options for selling excess energy generation to either the California Independent System
Operator (2A), PG&E (2B), or Cal Poly (2C).. There are issues with any of the three power
selling options, but it appears that option 2B (sell to PG&E) is the most viable option to pursue.
It will require renegotiation of the power purchase contract with PG&E which will likely result in
reduced prices paid for energy generation. Since there is minimal excess power generated after
the WTP energy demands are met, there is not a significant impact to the project viability from
reduced energy revenues.
Alternatives 3A and 3B
These alternatives consider Net Cost/(Savings) Compared
operating the hydroplant and Alternative Capital Cost to Present Condition
WTP on a 24-hour basis. This 3A $4,295,000 $86,000
may have some operational 3B $2,087,000 ($29,000)
benefits and would generate
power during peak energy demand periods which could result in higher prices paid for energy
produced. Alternative 3A considered construction of a 2.5 mg storage facility near the Cuesta
Tunnel to allow the Salinas raw water system to pump only during off-peak periods. Alternative
3B involves running all raw water, hydroelectric, and WTP facilities around the clock (i.e..
without a storage facility at the Cuesta Tunnel).
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Council Agenda Report—Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Feasibility Study
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Alternative 4
Alternative 4 considers constructing a new hydroelectric facility at the WTP site to take
advantage of the additional Net Cost/(Savings) Compared
head for power generation. Alternative Capital Cost to Present Condition
This option would require 4 $5,711,000_ $218,000
replacing the existing pipeline
from the current hydroplant site to the WTP. There are significant capital costs (above those of
the other alternatives) associated with this option.
Study Recommendation
Of the alternatives analyzed, the most promising appears to be Alternative 2B which may provide
the City with approximately $52,000 in total annual savings compared to the present operation.
With total capital costs for this alternative estimated at $2;137,000, an annual net savings of
$52,000 may be viewed as a minimal rate of return on the investment. Table 1 below provides a
summary of the annual costs for each alternative, the net cost or savings per year and the
estimated payback period.
Table l: Total Annual Costs, Savings and Payback Period
Project Total Annual Net Cost/(Savings) Compared Payback
Costs to Present Condition. . . . .. _ Period (years)
Present Condition $260,000 $0 --
Alternative IA $225,000 ($35,000) 11.1
Alternative 1B $244,000 ($16,000) 13.8
Alternative 2A $204,000 ($56,000) 10.5
Alternative 2B $208,000 ($52,000) 10.8
Alternative 2C $216,000 ($44,000) 11.3
Alternative 3A $346,000 $86,000 18.4
Alternative 3B $231,000 ($29,000) 12.2
Alternative 4 $478,00 $218,000 26.6
While the analysis prepared for the recommended alternative appears promising, there are
additional design considerations which will need further evaluation in subsequent phases if the
Council elects to move forward with the project. It should be noted that the analysis for the
recommenced Alternative 2B (and other similar alternatives) is based on the assumption that the
hydroelectric facility provides the majority of the annual power demand for the operation of the
WTP and the transfer pump station. While Black and Veatch are fairly confident that an
operations strategy, along with system components, can be developed to meet this assumption,
additional analysis needs to be undertaken to properly confirm these conclusions. The electrical
inter-connection system will be installed to automatically pull power from the grid if needed due
to lower hydroplant power generation than WTP demand or if the hydroplant is off-line for any
reason.
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Council Agenda Report—Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Feasibility Study
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If the WTP places a power demand on the PG&E grid, there is an immediate demand charge, on
top of the energy charges, even if the demand was only for one minute during the month. If this
were to occur each month, the projected annual savings may be substantially reduced.
Another factor to consider is that there are times that availability of water from Salinas Reservoir
is reduced due to water quality issues or is not available at all due to low water levels. These
factors will likely increase the payback periods shown above and reduce annual savings.
Summary
The feasibility study for the Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Facility prepared by Black and Veatch
recommends that if the City wishes to reactivate the facility, Alternative 2B is the most
promising project to pursue. While there is a moderate projected annual savings associated with
the recommended alternative, there are still a number of design issues that will need to be further
evaluated to ensure reliable operation of the WTP. In addition, the SOI contract with PG&E will
need to be renegotiated to allow surplus power(above the WTP needs) to be sold to PG&E. This
project will have significant capital costs which should be balanced against potential savings and
obstacles to those savings.
FISCAL IMPACT
The fiscal impact will depend on whether the Council decides to move forward with the project
or curtail further work on the project. If the Council wishes to move forward with the project,
staff would recommend proceeding in a phased approach to continue development of the project
to ensure that the assumptions and design considerations are appropriately addressed. The next
phase of the project would include discussions with PG&E relative to the power purchase
contract and the facilities and safeguards that must be installed for connection to the power grid.
In addition, operational strategies need to be developed to fully address remaining questions
relative to WTP long term,reliable operation.
The scope of work for the next phase has been developed and the additional compensation to
support this work is $27,255. This amount is included in the amendment to the contract for
Black and Veatch which was considered by the Council as part of tonight's agenda report for the
Water Treatment Plant Improvement Project Preliminary Design Report.
ALTERNATIVES
1. Do not proceed with the project - Council could decide to curtail work relative to
reactivation of the Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Facility. The high initial capital costs
and the minimal return on the capital investment could be factors that would support
abandoning the hydroplant facility. If Council chooses this alternative, the scope of work
and related compensation in the amendment to the contract with Black and Veatch will be
modified accordingly.
* Full copy of the Stenner Canyon Hydroelectric Feasibility Study is in the Council reading file.
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