HomeMy WebLinkAbout11/16/2004, BUS 8 - MORATORIUM ON MEDICAL MARIJUANA DISPENSARIES council M°`m`D" +
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CITY OF SAN LUIS OBISPO
FROM: Jonathan P. Lowell, City Attorney
John Mandeville, Community Development Director
Deborah Linden, Police Chief(g)
SUBJECT: MORATORIUM ON MEDICAL MARIJUANA DISPENSARIES
CAO RECOMMENDATION
Approve Emergency Ordinance imposing a moratorium on medical marijuana dispensaries.
DISCUSSION
Back rg ound
The voters of the State of California approved Proposition 215, codified as Health and Safety
Code section 11362.5 et seq. and entitled "The Compassionate Use Act of 1996" (the
"Compassionate Use Act"). Additionally, the State enacted SB 420 to clarify the scope of the
Compassionate Use Act and to allow cities to adopt and enforce rules and regulations consistent
with SB 420. This includes controlling sites where medical marijuana is dispensed to primary
caregivers and patients.
The existing City zoning regulations do not provide for the location and/or regulation of medical -
marijuana dispensaries and such uses might be permissible in any zone that allows retail uses,
drug stores, or medical uses. Since there are no current regulations specifically dealing with
medical marijuana dispensaries, if medical marijuana dispensaries were allowed to be established
without appropriate regulation, such uses might be established in areas that would conflict with
the requirements of the General Plan, be inconsistent with surrounding uses, or be detrimental to
the public health, safety and welfare; and if such uses were allowed to proceed as allowed under
the current zoning, such uses could conflict with, and defeat the purpose of, the Council's
direction to prepare for possible later adoption of new regulations regarding medical marijuana
dispensaries.
Further, the City has recently received a number of inquiries regarding City regulations and
requirements for the establishment of medical marijuana dispensaries by parties who have
indicated their intent to operate such facilities.
Prior Council Direction
On October 19, 2004, the Council directed staff to prepare an emergency ordinance imposing a
moratorium on medical marijuana dispensaries since there are many unanswered questions
regarding this use. This action will give staff and Council an opportunity to consider all aspects
of this subject prior to imposing any regulations, if any are desired.
In Ashcroft v. Raich the U.S. Supreme Court will decide if the federal Controlled.Substances Act
can be applied to a qualified patient who possesses and cultivates marijuana for personal medical
Moratorium on Medical Marijuana Dispensaries Page 2
use. Should the Court find the federal law does not apply in such an instance, then in light of the
purposes set forth in S.B. 420 and the strong public sentiment expressed in Proposition 215,
medical marijuana dispensaries and cooperative cultivation projects would appear to be allowed
under California law. We will continue to monitor this case and report back to the City Council
as soon as the U.S. Supreme Court issues its decisions in this matter.
Emergency Legislation
City Charter Section 605 entitled"Emergency Legislation" provides as follows:
Any ordinance declared by the Council to be necessary as an emergency
measure, for preserving the public peace, health or safety, and containing a
statement of the reasons for its urgency, may be introduced and adopted at
once at the same meeting if passed by at least four(4) affirmative votes.
The emergency ordinance, if approved by Council, will take effect immediately on November 16,
2004, and continue thereafter unless terminated by further Council action.
CONCURRENCES
The City Attorney's office, the Police Department and the Community Development Department
concur in the recommendation.
FISCAL IMPACT
None
ALTERNATIVES
The City Council may decline to adopt an emergency ordinance imposing a moratorium on
medical marijuana dispensaries.
ATTACHMENT
1. Emergency Ordinance
G:\Agenda-Ordinances-Resol\Medical Marijuana Dispensaries-Agenda Rpt.DOC
� I
ATTACHMENT 1
ORDINANCE NO. -
AN EMERGENCY ORDINANCE ESTABLISHING A MORATORIUM ON ANY AND
ALL MEDICAL MARIJUANA DISPENSARIES TO TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY
ON NOVEMBER 16,2004.
WHEREAS, the voters of the State of California approved Proposition 215, codified as
Health and Safety Code sections 11362..5 et seq. and entitled "The Compassionate Use Act of
1996" (the "Compassionate Use Act"); and
WHEREAS, the State enacted SB 420 to clarify the scope of the Compassionate Use Act
and to allow cities to adopt and enforce rules and regulations consistent with SB 420; and
WHEREAS, in adopting this moratorium, it is the Council's intention that nothing in this
Ordinance be construed to allow persons to engage in conduct that endangers others or causes a
public nuisance, permits or allows persons to use marijuana for non-medical purposes or allows
any activity related to the cultivation, distribution or consumption of marijuana that is otherwise
illegal; and
WHEREAS, the existing City zoning regulations do not provide for the location and
regulation of medical marijuana dispensaries and such uses might be permissible in any zone that
allows retail uses, drug stores, or medical uses; and
WHEREAS, during the pendency of this moratorium, the City Council has directed City
staff to prepare the necessary ordinances and regulations to regulate the establishment of such
dispensaries in the City by limiting the allowable zones and/or requiring conditional use permits;
and
WHEREAS, the City has recently received inquiries from parties seeking to open
medical marijuana dispensaries in San Luis Obispo notwithstanding the fact that the City has not
yet adopted regulations and requirements for the establishment of such facilities; and
WHEREAS, while the use of marijuana is allowed for medicinal purposes under
California law, marijuana is still a prohibited controlled substance under federal law, and
pending before the U.S. Supreme Court is the case of Ashcroft v. Raich, and a decision on that
matter is expected to resolve this conflict of laws; and
WHEREAS, if medical marijuana dispensaries were allowed to be established without
appropriate regulation, such uses might be established in areas that would conflict with the
requirements of the General Plan, be inconsistent with surrounding uses, or be detrimental to the
public health, safety and welfare; and if such uses were allowed to proceed as allowed under the
current zoning, such uses could conflict with, and defeat the purpose of, the proposal to study
and adopt new regulations regarding medical marijuana dispensaries; and
�-3
Ordinance No. (2004 Series) ATTACHMENT 1
-
Page 2
WHEREAS, this emergency ordinance is adopted pursuant to the requirements of City
Charter Section 605;
NOW, THEREFORE,THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN LUIS OBISPO
DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Finding, Declaration of Emergency.
The City Council of the City of San Luis Obispo hereby finds and declares that there is a
need to enact an emergency ordinance establishing a moratorium on all new medical marijuana
dispensaries, subject to the findings and conditions contained in this Ordinance. The City has
recently received inquiries regarding the establishment of medical marijuana dispensaries in the
City. If medical marijuana dispensaries are allowed to proceed without appropriate review of
location and operational criteria and standards, the dispensaries could have potential adverse
secondary effects on neighborhoods and the City that present a clear and immediate danger to the
public health, safety and welfare. The City finds that if establishment or development of medical
marijuana dispensaries were allowed to proceed while the City is studying zoning proposals and
regulations for this use, it would defeat the purpose of studying and considering zoning proposals
to regulate and/or prohibit this use. Failure to enact this moratorium during the stated period
may result in significant irreversible change to neighborhood and community character. Based
on the foregoing, the City Council does hereby declare this emergency ordinance is necessary to
protect the public health, safety, and welfare while considering revisions to the zoning
regulations related to medical marijuana dispensaries.
Section 2. Moratorium.
The City Council hereby declares a moratorium on any and all medical marijuana
dispensaries and any and all modifications to existing uses to add a medical marijuana
dispensary. Said moratorium shall remain in place until after the U.S. Supreme Court makes a
decision in the case of Ashcroft v. Raich, and the City Council repeals this ordinance.
Section 3. Definitions.
As used herein the term "Medical Marijuana Dispensary" or "Dispensary" means any
facility or location where medical marijuana is made available to and/or distributed by or to two
or more persons in the following categories: a primary caregiver, a qualified patient, or a person
with an identification card, in strict accordance with California Health and Safety Code Section
11362.5 et seq. A "medical marijuana dispensary" shall not include the following uses, as long
as the location of such uses are otherwise regulated by this Code or applicable law: a clinic
licensed pursuant to Chapter 1 of Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code, a health care facility
licensed pursuant to Chapter 2 of Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code, a residential care
facility for persons with chronic life-threatening illness licensed pursuant to Chapter 3.01 of
Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code, a residential care facility for the elderly licensed
pursuant to Chapter 3.2 of Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code, a residential hospice, or a
home health agency licensed pursuant to Chapter 8 of Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code,
84
Ordinance No. (2064 Series) ATTACHMENT 1
Page 3
as long as any such use complies strictly with applicable law including, but not limited to, Health
and Safety Code Section 11362.5 et seq. and the City of San Luis Obispo Municipal Code,
including but not limited to the City's Zoning Code.
Section 4. Effective Date.
This Emergency Ordinance shall become effective on November 16, 2004, and shall
remain in force and effect thereafter, unless terminated by further action of the City Council.
PASSED AND ADOPTED THIS 16th DAY OF NOVEMBER 2004, BY THE
FOLLOWING VOTE:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
David F. Romero, Mayor
ATTEST:
Audrey Hooper, City Clerk
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
Jon . Lowell, City Attorney
Diane le .olds- Medical Marijuana - Page 1
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From: <ANCARTER@aol.com>
To: <asettle@slocity.org>, <cmulholland@slocity.org>, <kschwartz@slocity.org>,
<jewan@slocity.org>, <dromero@slocity.org>, <khampian@slocity.org>, <ahooper@slocity.org>
Date: 11/26/04 10:47AM
Subject: Medical Marijuana
Thought you'd be interested in the attached AP article on the status of
Ashcroft v. Raich, which gets its oral hearing at the Supreme Court on Monday.
Andrew Carter
----------------
Supreme Court to Weigh Medical Marijuana Laws
By David Kravets, AP
OAKLAND, Calif. (Nov. 26) -Traditional drugs have done little to help
39-year-old Angel Raich. Beset by a list of ailments that includes tumors in her
brain, seizures, spasms and nausea, she has found comfort only in the marijuana
that is prescribed by her doctor.
On Monday, the Supreme Court will hear arguments in a case that will
determine whether Raich and similar patients in California and 10 other states can
continue to use marijuana for medical purposes..
At issue is whether states have the right to adopt laws allowing the use of
drugs the federal government has banned or whether federal drug agents can
arrest individuals for abiding by those medical marijuana laws.
California passed the nation's first so-called medical marijuana law in 1996,
allowing patients to smoke and grow marijuana with a doctor's recommendation.
The Bush administration maintains those laws violate federal drug rules and
asserts that marijuana has no medical value.
But the drug eases Raich's pain, allows her to rise out of a wheelchair and
promotes an appetite that prevents her from wasting away.
It "is the only drug of almost three dozen we have tried that works,"said
her Berkeley physician, Frank Lucido.
"I really hope and pray the justices allow me to live," said Raich as she
crammed a blend of a marijuana variety known as "Haze V into a contraption
that vaporized it inside large balloons.
She said the outcome of the case will determine whether her"husband will
have a wife," her"children a mother."
The case will address questions left unresolved from the first time the high
court considered the legality of medical marijuana.
In 2001, the justices ruled against clubs that distributed medical marijuana,
saying they cannot do so based on the "medical necessity" of the patient.
The ruling forced Raich's Oakland supplier to close and other cannabis clubs to
operate in the shadows.
The decision did not address whether the government can block states from
adopting their own medical marijuana laws.
Nevertheless,the federal government took the offensive after the ruling,
often over the objections of local officials. It began seizing individuals'
medical marijuana and raiding their suppliers. Nowhere was that effort more
conspicuous than in the San Francisco Bay area, where the nation's medical marijuana
movement was founded.
Raich and Diane Monson,the other plaintiff in the case, sued Attorney
General John Ashcroft because they feared their supplies of medical marijuana might
dry up. After a two-year legal battle,they won injunctions barring the U.S.
Page 2
j Diane Rei olds._Medical Marijuana
Justice Department from prosecuting them or their suppliers.
"This has been a nightmare,"said Monson, a 47-year-old accountant from
Oroville whose backyard crop of six marijuana plants was seized in 2002."I've
never sued anyone in my life, never mind the attorney general of the United
States of America. For crying out loud, here in California we've voted to allow
medical marijuana."
She regularly uses marijuana on a doctor's recommendation to alleviate back
problems. She says it also helps cope with the recent death of her husband, who
suffered from pancreatic cancer.
Last December,the San Francisco-based 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals
ruled in Raich's and Monson's favor. It said federal laws criminalizing marijuana
do not apply to patients whose doctors have recommended the drug.
The appeals court said states were free to adopt medical marijuana laws as
long as the marijuana was not sold, transported across state lines or used for
non-medicinal purposes.The other states with such laws are Alaska,Arizona,
Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Vermont and Washington.
The court ruled that marijuana for medicinal purposes is "different in kind
from drug trafficking" and outside the scope of federal oversight.
The same court last year said doctors were free to recommend marijuana to
their patients. The government appealed, but the Supreme Court justices declined
to hear the case.
In June, however, the justices agreed to hear the Raich-Monson case. A ruling
is expected to decide the states' rights issue the court left unanswered in
2001.
Acting Solicitor General Paul Clement told the justices in briefs that the
government, backed by the 1970 Controlled Substances Act, has the power to
regulate the "manufacture, distribution and possession of any controlled
substance," even if such activity takes place entirely within one state.
Besides California, the states allowing marijuana to be used as medicine with
a doctor's recommendation are Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Hawaii, Maine,
Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Vermont and Washington state.
Even some states without medical marijuana laws have criticized the federal
government's position. Louisiana,Alabama and Mississippi told the court they
"support their neighbors' prerogative in our federalist system to serve as
laboratories for experimentation."
A number of medical groups, doctors and marijuana supporters also wrote the
court, saying marijuana benefits sick patients.
Raich, whose legal team includes her husband, Robert, said she hopes the
chemotherapy Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist is undergoing for thyroid cancer
'Would soften his heart about the issue."
"I think,"she said, "he would find that cannabis would help him a lot."
The case is Ashcroft v. Raich, 03-1454.
CC: <pmbmother@msn.com>