HomeMy WebLinkAbout09-01-2015 Item 6 - DietrickCity Attorney's Office
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September 1, 2015
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT
City Council
J. Christine Dietrick, City
RECEIVED
SEP 01 2015
SLO CITY Ci_`
AttOnle
City Council Meeting 9/1/15, Agenda Item #6
Further Analysis of the Appeal of Joseph Gambucci
COUNCIL MEETING:_0q - o 1 '
ITEM NO.:
As you know, at the City Council's September 1, 2015 regular meeting, the Council will
consider an appeal filed by Mr. Joseph Gambucci related to the parking of a boat in the front
yard at his property located at 598 Princeton Place, San Luis Obispo, On August 17, 2015,
the property owner sent an e-mail to the Mayor raising additional grounds regarding his
appeal, some of which were not analyzed in the City's staff report for this item. The August
27, 2015 e-mail from the property owner has been submitted to the Council as Council
correspondence. This memorandum is provided in response to that e-mail.
APPEAL ANALYSIS
Additional Grounds for Appeal No. 1:
Parking conforms to Municipal Code. The parking of the boat and trailer on the driveway
of the Subject Property conforms to the `plain meaning" of the pertinent subsections of MC
17.17.055. Black's Law Dictionary, Seventh Edition at p. 995 defines "plain meaning" as
follows: "The meaning attributed to a document (usu. By a court) based on a commonsense
reading of the words, giving them their ordinary sense and without reference to extrinsic
indications of the author's intent. "
Staff Response:
As discussed in the staff report, the parking of the boat and trailer in the driveway of the
Subject Property is inconsistent with the City's parking standards and therefore does not
conform to the "plain meaning" of SLOMC § 17.17.055.
Additional Grounds for Appeal No. 2:
Application of the Municipal Code regulation is a "taking," an inverse condemnation.
The decision of the Planning Commission amounts to a "non -categorical" taking of an
economic benefit of property ownership. "A regulation... may effect a taking though... it does
not involve a physical invasion and leaves the property owner some economically beneficial
use of his property. " Kavanau v. Santa Monica Rent Control Bd., (1997) 16 Cal. 4t' 761
774. The interpretation of the regulation in the SLO Municipal Code by the Planning
Commission and Code Enforcement is a non -categorical taking as the regulation affects the
existing or traditional use of the Subject Property and, thus, interferes with the property
owners' "primary expectation. " Penn Cent. Transp. Co. v. City of New York, 438 U.S. 104,
125, 98 S. Ct. 2646, 57 L. Ed. 2d 631 (1987). The application of the regulation "interfere[s]
with interests that [are] sufficiently bound up with the reasonable expectation of'[Joseph
Gambucci and Katherine Aaron] to constitute property for Fifth Amendment purposes. "
Matt response:
The City's parking regulations as applied to Mr. Gambucci is not a taking because the
regulation has not deprived the property owner of all economic use of the property. A
reL-ulatory takina occurs when a reaulation becomes so onerous that it has the practical
effect of direct appropriation. Lingle v. Chevron U.S.A., 544 U.S. 528 (2005). Courts
analyze regulatory takings claims using three separate factors to determine whether a
compensable taking has occurred. Penn Central Trans. Co. v. City of New York, 438 U.S.
104, 124 (1978).
1. The economic impact of the regulation;
2. The "investment backed expectations" of the property owner; and
3. The "character" of the regulation.
In order to be considered a compensable regulatory taking, the degree to which the
regulation goes "too far" must be extreme. For example, courts have rejected claims when
the regulation has effectively diminished value of property by as much as 95 percent. See,
for example, Tahoe -Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency,
535 U.S. 302, 319 n.15 (2002) (citing examples of large diminution in value found not to be
a taking); Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., 272 U.S. 365, 384 (1926) (loss in value of
more than 75 percent not a taking); Hadacheck v. Sebastian, 239 U.S. 394, 405 (1915) (loss
in value of more than 90 percent not a taking); William C. Haas & Co. v. City & County of
San Francisco, 605 F.2d 1117, 1120 (9th Cir. 1979) (95 percent reduction in value not a
taking).
In this case, the regulation is simply an incident of property ownership. See Pennsylvania
Coal v. Mahon, 260 U.S. 393, 413 (1922) (Government hardly could go on if to some extent
values incident to property could not be diminished without paying for every such change in
the general law.). The case of Disney v. the City of Concord, 194 Cal. App. 4th 1410 (2011)
is instructive. Although not a takings case, the opinion squarely addresses the right of a city
to regulate parking within the front yard of residences. In that case, the City of Concord
passed an ordinance generally prohibiting recreational vehicles from being stored on a
driveway or in a front yard, or in a side yard except behind an opaque fence, or in an interior
side yard if it encroached into a required setback area. Mr. James Disney filed suit alleging
that the City exceeded its police power. The Disney Court held that the City of Concord had
the right to regulate parking in front yards due to aesthetic concerns.
The issue Disney raises has been persuasively addressed in an Attorney General
opinion. The opinion noted that ordinances restricting parking on private property
are "enacted for purposes of promoting traffic safety or enhancing the appearance of
a city or county," (75 Ops.Cal.Atty.Gen. 239, 241 (1992)) and that under
Metromedia, supra, 26 Cal.3d 848, 164 Cal.Rptr. 510, 610 P.2d 407 and other cases
"[r]egulations to further these two goals fall within the permissible bounds of the
police power of a city or county." (75 Ops.Cal.Atty.Gen., .supra, at p. 241.) The
opinion thus broadly concluded that a city "may generally prohibit by ordinance the
parking of particular categories of vehicles on private property, ..." (Id. at p. 240.)
The opinion further specifically concluded that ordinances such as the one here—
"[b]light control ... ordinances [that] typically prohibit ... the parking of trailers,
motor homes, and recreational vehicles in front yard setback areas (which may or
may not include driveways) for more than a certain length of time"—are
constitutional. (Id. at pp. 243-244). Id at 1416.
In accordance with its police power, the City of San Luis Obispo enacted certain rules
regulating the parking of vehicles in the front yard. Like other rules, such as noise or trash
can regulations, these rules affect incidents of property ownership. However, they do not
constitute a taking as that term is defined by applicable law as discussed above.
Please let us know if you have any questions or comments.