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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOilTrains_LtrToUSDT_20150310GNT Y,0 t IS 0 Office of the City Council 990 Palm Street, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401-3249 805 781.7114 slocity of J March 10, 2015 The Honorable Anthony R. Foxx Secretary of Transportation United States Department of Transportation 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, D. C. 20590 RE: Rail Safety — Expedited Action Requested Dear Secretary Foxx: Due to a steady flow of concerns about the transport of crude oil by rail voiced by our citizens for several months, the City of San Luis Obispo has been in contact with the League of California Cities, which has been monitoring transport of crude oil and other hazardous materials by rail, as well as hosting educational forums on the topic. We note that the League has recently adopted as its policy several goals for safety improvements based on input from our key state agencies. The City of San Luis Obispo agrees with the League's position that implementation of these rail safety improvements should be expedited at the federal level to accomplish improved rail safety as soon as possible. The continued increase in the transport of crude oil by rail, combined with recent rail accidents involving oil spills and resulting fires, has served to heighten concerns about rail safety among many of our citizens. Specifically, two derailments accompanied by fires involving unit trains (100 or more tank cars) carrying crude oil in West Virginia and in Ontario, Canada last month have greatly increased public anxiety about what steps the relevant federal regulatory agencies are taking to improve rail safety, and on what timetable. The Board of Directors of the League of California Cities at its February 20, 2015 meeting adopted ten specific recommendations as official policy on this issue. The City of San Luis Obispo respectfully submits these recommendations to you as priority items for improving rail safety. We have three points to emphasize in submitting these recommendations. First, irrespective of whether these improvements are required of railroads, petrochemical companies, hazardous materials shippers, or the owners or lessees of rail tank cars, we urge that they take the form of mandates, rather than the more traditional recommendations. Second, the mandates should be accompanied by the imposition of a hard deadline for their implementation. Third, we strongly recommend that the Department of Transportation include these recommendations for improved rail safety in the final rule for the Safe Transportation of Crude Oil and Flammable Materials. Leaeue of Cities Policy Recommendations — Oil by Rail The City of San Luis Obispo urges the federal agencies with appropriate jurisdiction (primarily the National Transportation Safety Board, the Federal Railroad Administration, and the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration) to take the following actions to improve rail safety with respect to the transport of Bakken crude oil and other hazardous materials by rail: Office of the City Council ins ity org 1) Mandate Electronically Controlled Braking Systems: Require installation of electronically controlled, pneumatic braking systems (ECP) on trains carrying Bakken crude and ethanol by a date certain. This technology allows for faster and more efficient braking to a full stop. 2) Expedite retrofit or phase-out of tank cars failing to meet current safety standards: Require phase-out or retrofitting of older, DOT -111 tank cars manufactured prior to October 2011, to be completed by a date certain. The Association of American Railroads adopted higher manufacturing standards requiring greater structural integrity for these tank cars which took effect at that time to facilitate safer transport of flammable liquids, including ethanol and all crude oil. 3) Mandate Provision of Real -Time Information to first responders in event of accidents: Require via federal regulations that railroads and producers of petroleum and other hazardous materials shipped by rail make available to first responders, via a secure access portal on their websites, the cargo manifest information, or "consist," on trains containing these substances. This information ideally should also be accessible via mobile applications, allowing rapid access by first responders to cargo manifest information in real time, particularly in accidents where the manifest is not available on the train. 4) Federal funding for first responders: Increase federal funding for training and equipment purchases for first responders, to improve their ability to respond to hazardous materials accidents. 5) Mandatory Speed Limits: Impose mandatory maximum speed limits in all areas. 6) Mandate Stricter Reporting Requirements: Lower the threshold for the number of tank cars that trigger a reporting requirement to the California Energy Commission and the State Emergency Response Commission, from 33 to 20. Currently petroleum producers and railroads only have to submit reports of trains carrying Bakken crude oil if the train includes 33 or more tank cars. Each tank car holds 34, 500 gallons. This will lower the trigger for the reporting requirement from shipments of 1.1 million gallons or more, to shipment of 690,000 gallons or more. 7) Identity priority routes for positive train control (PTC): PTC is an advanced technology incorporating GPS tracking to automatically stop or slow trains before an accident can occur. It is specifically designed to prevent train -on -train collisions, derailments due to excessive speed, and unauthorized movement of trains. Require PTC to be employed on all rail lines used for the transport of hazardous materials, with a date certain by which the technology will be online. 8) Mandate railroad industry compliance with Individual Voluntary Agreement negotiated with the U.S. Department of Transportation by codifying the following actions as requirements: (Note: The requirements below have been voluntarily agreed to by railroads, but there is currently no legal or regulatory requirement for their compliance. Such requirements should be codified, given their significant impact on rail safety) Reduced speed for crude oil trains with older tank cars going through urban areas Analyses to determine the safest routes for crude oil trains Office of the City Council 990 Palm Street, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401-3249 805.781 7114 slocity ory Increased track inspections Enhanced braking systems (electronically controlled pneumatic brakes) ECP Installation of wayside defective bearing detectors along tracks Better emergency response plans Improved emergency response training Working with communities through community concerns which oil trains must move to address 9) Clear methodology for funding: Devise a clear methodology on how funds are to be distributed, to ensure that sufficient funds pass through that state and county agencies to the local agencies involved in first response. 10) Regulate the parking and storage of tank cars: Mandate improved safety regulations addressing the storage or parking of tank cars in populated areas. The City of San Luis Obispo understands that this area of regulation is largely pre-empted by federal law; that is why we are urging specific and timely action by the federal agencies charged with regulatory oversight in this area. We do not expect that derailments and accidents will cease altogether, but we anticipate that stricter safety standards will reduce their numbers over time. Land use authority resides with the County of San Luis Obispo, however, the City of San Luis Obispo has gone on record opposing the construction of the Phillips 66 Rail Spur Project, which would result in a significant increase in oil trans through our City. See attached correspondence for your information. Thank you for your attention to this matter. Please contact me or my City Manager, Katie Lichtig at 805) 781-7114 with any questions. ereIy, Ia Howell Marx ayor cc: Senator Dianne Feinstein Senator Barbara Boxer Congresswoman Lois Capps Members of the California Congressional Delegation Federal Railroad Administration National Transportation Safety Board r Office of the City Council 990 Palm Street, San Luis Obispo CA 9 3401-3 24 9 y 805 781 7114 February 19, 2015 San Luis Obispo County Planning Commission 976 Osos Street, Room 200 San Luis Obispo, CA 93408 Dear Planning Commissioners: I am writing at the unanimous direction of the San Luis Obispo City Council to urge you to deny the application of the Phillips 66 Santa Maria Refinery in Nipomo, which wishes to upgrade its facility to allow for crude oil deliveries by rail for processing. This project would significantly increase the exposure of our residents, neighbors, business people and natural resources to the threat of explosions, fire, contamination and other dangerous conditions which would result from this project. Please consider this letter part of the public record of the hearing at which you consider this matter. As you know, trains delivering crude for this project would use Union Pacific rail tracks, which go right through the heart of our City and which are used by both passenger trains and freight trains. Given the increasing record of crude -oil rail accidents in recent years, such an event would have catastrophic effects if it occurred in any populated or habitat area. The primary source of the petroleum anticipated to be transported by rail through our county is from the Canadian tar sands and Bakken (North Dakota) formations, which the U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration has determined is more flammable than traditional heavy crude oil. When oil trains carrying this more hazardous oil derail, not only does the oil spill, but it also often explodes and bursts into flame. Frequent newscasts show us that as oil -by -train transport has increased, so has damage, hazardous contamination and loss of life from explosions. The City of San Luis Obispo is situated in an especially vulnerable area, due to the curvature of the rail line and rail cross over as the line passes through our densely populated residential and commercial areas. Furthermore, the line going over the Cuesta Grade to the immediate north of the City transverses thousands of acres of sensitive wildlife habitat in the City's greenbelt, as well as the campus and agricultural land of Cal Poly University. This rough mountainous terrain is classified by Cal Fire as having a very high danger of wildfire due to the fact that it is virtually inaccessible and has dense forest with century old native trees. Furthermore, the more than century old wooden bridges over which such trains would have to pass are uninspected and not designed to safely support such hazardous freight. The City has previously conveyed its deep concerns regarding this expansion project in EIR comments dated January 27, 2014, attached for your convenience. The project would result in a significant increase in rail traffic, increase in the length of locomotives, and volatility of freight being carried through our City, which would present long term threats to the public Office of the City Council 8 115 78 1 i1u4 ly i)Iq safety of our residents. Our fire fighters and emergency response or hazmat teams are not funded nor equipped to deal with the magnitude of a rail disaster, which would become more likely if this project were approved. The longer, slower trains which would go through our city would also affect multiple intersections and impact vehicle traffic and pedestrian safety in these areas. The City's 2015 legislative platform also states these concerns, as do the following policies, adopted in December 2014 as part of the Land Use and Circulation Element update Resolution 10586): 12.2.4 Railroad Hazards Reduction. The City shall monitor and respond to changes, or proposed changes in passenger and freight rail traffic that may impact the safety and well-being of residents of the community including the transport of combustible materials. 12.2.5 Transport of Combustible Materials The City shall discourage the transportation of oil and other combustible hydrocarbons through the City. For all of reasons stated above, the City of San Luis Obispo requests the Planning Commission to reject this project and thereby protect the health, safety and welfare of San Luis Obispo County residents, including over 46,000 City residents. Sincerely r 4yoHowell Marx r Cc: San Luis Obispo City Council San Luis Obispo County Board of Supervisors State Senator Bill Monning Assemblyman Katcho Achadjian US Congresswoman Lois Capps IE city of sAn luis oBispo Community Development Department • 919 Palm Street, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401-3218 January 27, 2014 Mr. Murry Wilson p66-railspur-comments@co.sio.ca.us San Luis Obispo County Department of Planning and Building 976 Osos St., Rm. 200 San Luis Obispo, CA 93408-2040 SUBJECT: Comments regarding Phillips 66 Rail Spur Extension Draft EIR SCH# 2013071028 This letter serves as the City of San Luis Obispo's comment letter on the Draft Environmental Impact Report (DEIR) prepared for the Phillips 66 Rail Spur Extension Project. The City greatly appreciates the opportunity to comment on the DEIR. In an effort to insure the final project is consistent with the regulations, goals, and community values of the City of San Luis Obispo and the County as a whole, our Community Development Department has reviewed various sections the Draft EIR document and formulated a set of key comments. The City kindly asks that the County consider the comments the City is providing as the Final EIR is prepared. Please find attached a detailed comments table which addresses issues the City sees as most important. The concerns generally fall into one of the following categories: 1. Traffic/Circulation 2. Hazardous materials and Safety 3. Air Quality 4. Noise While the City is aware that the expansion project is taking place outside the City limits, the City of San Luis Obispo is built around the Union Pacific Railroad lines that serve the Santa Maria Refinery and this project which accommodates larger train units, as well as the materials carried has potential impacts to the City of San Luis Obispo and its residents. The project includes an increase in rail traffic, in the length of locomotives, and material volatility of content being carried which may produce long-term effects within our City limits. 5 The City of San Luis Obispo is committed to include the disabled in all of its services, programs and activities. Telecommunications Device for the Deaf (805) 781-7410. item Pale 1'a1a - Hazards and ES -8 Hazardous Material This section states that "The risk [with the movement of trains] was found to be less than significant (Class III)." On January 2, 2014 the US Department of Transportation released a Safety Alert stating the following: The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) is issuing this safety alert to notify the general public, emergency responders and shippers and carriers that recent derailments and resulting fires indicate that the type of crude oil being transported from the Bakken region may be more flammable than traditional heavy crude oil, " The California State Fire Marshal also posted an information bulletin on January 22, 2014 that reinforces the alert issued by the PHMSA. The DEIR discusses that crude oil will be transported from the Bakken region North Dakota). The Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) for the project should consider the safety implications associated with transportation of a crude oil that is believed to be more hazardous than traditional crude oils extracted in the past. If the QRA does indeed incorporate this factor, it should be clearly noted in the DEIR, The City strongly supports mitigation measures AQ -2a and AQ -2b; however, the City would also recommend adding mitigations that will, regardless of recorded emissions, reduce the output of pollutants sourced at locomotives. Such mitigations could involve the replacement of locomotive diesel engines with green technologies. One such technology is discussed in a 2007 Union Pacific news release: UP is field testing an experimental oxidation catalyst (Oxicat) filter on a high - 4.3 -43 Mitigation horsepower long-haul locomotive built in June 1989. The Oxicat, which Measures operates much like a catalytic converter on today's cars and trucks, was installed inside the diesel engine's exhaust manifold to reduce emissions. During static testing using ultra-low sur diesel fuel, particulate emissions were reduced by approximately SD percent with the Oxicat installed. " If a mitigation measure is not added to require the retrofitting of locomotives with greener technologies through this project, the DEIR should require that the SMR consider use of emission -reducing technologies in the future as they become more cost-effective and readily available. K According to the DEIR, "...25 percent of the DOT -111 fleet carrying crude today meets the higher design standards" (that were required for all newly constructed DOT -I 11 tank cars beginning in 2011). In addition to reporting the percent of upgraded trains in the entire fleet, the DEIR should clarify what percent of trains serving the SMR facility have been 4.7-25 Last Paragraph retrofitted with higher design standards. Due to the recent discovery of a more hazardous crude oil, which is discussed in Item 1 above, it is also recommended that a mitigation be developed to require those crude oil tankers servicing the SMR be retrofitted to the higher design standards. The City strongly believes that safety be a first priority for the project because the rail lines that will carry these tankers are within close proximity to residences within the City of San Luis Obispo, The City also recommends that mitigations be added to help cities better prepare for emergency spill situation's. Such mitigations include: 1. Funding for initial purchase and replacement of a sufficient amount of the appropriate firefighting foam to address leaks or fire of the volume of high- risk crude being transported through the City. This may either be, accomplished by stockpiling foam at a City fire station or somewhere within 10 miles of the City (given a capability for 24/7 delivery of the foam to a fire station and/or the emergency scene). Mitigation 2. Funding for initial and on-going training of all emergency response 4.7-5$ Measures personnel on rail and petroleum emergencies. An example of such agency is our Countywide Hazardous Materials Response Team. 3. Awareness training on the emergency response resources available through the railroad authority and Phillips 66, 4. Enhanced local access to rail manifest information (real time) for City and Country Hazardous Materials Technicians and Chief Officers, 5. Collaborate with the City to develop pre -emergency plans for leak or fire anywhere along the rail line that would impact the City's interests including transportation lines, open space, and creeks) 4.12-3 f Table 4.12.1 1 In the "Delay(s)" column the unit is not specified (e.g. seconds), 3 This section states that "According to the county, the Rail Spur Project would result in a sign fcant impact if it causes an intersection operation at satisfactory LOS C to operate at LOS D or worse, or contributes any traffic to a location already operating at LOS D, E, or F." Impact # TR.3 states that trains associated with the project will "...be comprised of 80 tanker cans, two buffer cars, and three locomotives." Traffic in cities may be halted for longer periods due to the increased length of locomotives, Paragraph4.12-1 S The City of San Luis Obispo has intersections that may be affected by theunderbullets increase in locomotive trips and length of locomotives associated with the project, The DEIR does not offer discussion or possible mitigations to address this issue. Specifically, there are three at -grade crossings that occur within the City of San Luis Obispo, The length of train units anticipated may cause significant delays at these intersections, impacting levels of service on City streets. Locomotives also present potential safety impacts to pedestrians. The DEIR needs to address potential impacts to vehicle traffic and pedestrian safety in these areas. 4.12-21 Table: Impact # In the table under the "impact description" column, the word "Increase" should TR.2 be changed to "increased." To the average reader it may seem there is a contradiction of statements regarding train activity associated with the project. For example, the first statement below makes it seem that no additional train transportation will be required after project completion. The second statement conveys that two additional trains will be added per day. The third statement conveys that five trains will be unloaded per week The Rail Spur Project would not increase refinery throughput, nor would it 4.12--21 Paragraph increase the production of coke and sumer requiring transportation from and 4.12- under table for the site via truck or rail (page 4,12-21). 27 Impact # TR.2 The addition of the proposed crude oil train to the SMR would add a peak of two additional freight trains per day (one to the SMR and one from the SMR) to this stretch of the Coastal Line... (page 4.12-27). Phillips 66 would unload up to five trains per week (page 2-14). The DEIR should include a table that clearly presents estimated train traffic before and after project implementation. The impact description states that ..additional rail traffic would not be expected to impact the on -tame performance of the Pacific Surfliner." While 4.12-21 Table: impact this may be true, it would be helpful if the DEIR explained the worst-case TR.3 scenario if on-time performance was indeed impacted by the project. Furthermore, the City would prefer that the "recommended" mitigation measure TR -3a be instead required, 4 i. : N tt ie,. .—'1 var 24 1 '{F .+ Lh V -,l axk 1'Fi •. .`kT•/1.. ,y . 5 .+I .: a. The mitigation measures for Noise impacts are strongly focused on the area in the immediate vicinity of the SMR. For example, Mitigation N -2a describes a Rail Unloading and Management Plan," and Mitigation N -2c describes a Noise Monitoring Plan" for SMR onsite operational activities and the "nearest sensitive noise receptor." 10 4.9-25 Mitigation Measures It is recommended that Mitigation N -2c be revised to require that the Noise Monitoring Plan" address noise impacts associated with locomotives travelling on the UPPR mainline through populated areas. More specifically, the Plan should address train travel during nighttime hours 10 PM — 7 AM). The current noise mitigations disregard the effects of large locomotives traveling through densely populated residential areas during regular sleeping hours. The City is eager to collaborate with the County to identify and implement mitigation measures that the City believes can address impacts to the City. Any mitigation proposed should include substantial and viable measures that are subject to ongoing monitoring, as CEQA, requires. We provide the comments in this letter with the intention that they should assist the County with DEIR revisions needed to reasonably and foreseeably reduce impacts to less than significant levels. The City looks forward to ongoing collaboration with the County and is available to identify and develop mitigations for the project. Sincerely yours, 14erek Johnson Community Development Director CC: City Council Planning Commission Department Heads