HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-05-2018 Item 4 - Cooper
To:SLO Architectural Review Commission and Rachel Cohen
Re: San Luis Square
From:Allan Cooper, Secretary Save Our Downtown
Date:March 4, 2018
Honorable Chair Wynn and Commissioners -
We commend the CHC and the ARC for their patience in fully articulating their concerns time
and time again on this project. The applicant and architect appear reluctant to make changes.
Nevertheless this project could be very close to approval with some very speciÐc design
direction.
We are urging you to require that along the upper Ñoors of the southwest side of the paseo
there be step backs to allow some daylight penetration (this could be accomplished by
eliminating some of the units from 570 and 581 closest to the Jack House as Chair Wynn
suggested), that 590 Marsh Street incorporate a modest cornice along the lines of the
applicantÈs previous iteration, that the black horizontal spandrels on 581 Higuera be painted
white or a lighter color and placed Ñush with the facade, that some of the units from 570 and
581 closest to the Jack House be eliminated and that four units closest to the Jack House be
reduced to the third Ñoor. And Ðnally, that public access to the rooftop deck be less
convoluted. Our speciÐc comments in response to your concerns are below as well as our
response to the applicantÈs Project Statement and Values and Vision for the Community. In this
Project Statement, the applicant has earnestly endeavored to argue for taller buildings in our
downtown. Therefore, at the very end of this letter, we are encouraging you to review our
counterargument with speciÐc emphasis on overly tall buildings in the Downtown District.
Thank you!
CommissionÈs Consensus Items:
All Buildings Project:
Commission: ÅConsider opening up more space with the pedestrian connection, especially in
the middle of the project."
Sta: ÅThe design of the project provides a pedestrian connection between Marsh and Higuera
Streets¼Æ
Applicant: ÅThe applicant has not proposed a modiÐcation to the pedestrian connection. As
designed, the applicant has expressed that the space within the pedestrian connection will be
able accommodate circulation and the ground level activities of the paseo. The design, in part,
is based on European towns, where the most active and interesting public spaces are the
narrow streets and alleys with shops, restaurants and markets lining the way.Æ
Response: Medieval European towns were dependent on natural light. The most
delightful urban spaces in Europe are Ñooded with daylight no matter how narrow the
streets may be. There should be step backs at the 3rd and 4th Ñoors along the southwest
side of the paseo to allow some daylight to penetrate down to the second and ground
Ñoor levels. The interior walls of the paseo should be predominantly light colored.
Building at 590 Marsh Street:
Commission: ÅThe corner glass facade treatment does not match the interior program/activity
taking place within the structure. Corner should match downtown character: less glass,
structured, not open.Æ
Commission: ÅThe top of the three-story projections of the building should be evaluated for the
potential inclusion of some architectural feature or cornice.Æ
Applicant: żthe applicant expressed that any further cornice treatment would detract from
the contemporary architectural character of the building. As such, a cornice has not been
included in the revised plans.Æ
Response: 590 Marsh Street had a modest cornice in a previous, very contemporary,
iteration (see below)¼what is preventing from installing this same cornice now?
Building at 581 Higuera Street:
Commission: ÅRevise the stow-story windows in the structure so that they are more in scale
with the structure and downtown architecture.Æ
Applicant: ÅThe applicant would like to maintain the taller windows on this faade due to their
function and orientation towards Cerro San Luis views. The project was designed to provide
residential units that are daylight Ðlled, urban lofts with nearly Ñoor to ceiling windows similar to
converted warehouse loft spaces. The applicant considered alternative designs yet have
expressed that the architectural look and feel would be adversely aected by the re-design of
this fenestration.Æ
66È - 0Æ TOP
STAIRS
64È - 0Æ TOP
OF ROOF
57È - 0Æ TOP
OF ROOF
44È -0Æ F.F.
32È - 0Æ F.F.
20È - 0Æ F.F.
14È - 0Æ BOT
OF CANOPY
West Elevation
East Elevation
As seen from Higuera Street
As seen from Marsh Street
PREVIOUS ELEVATION
West Elevation
East Elevation
As seen from Higuera Street
As seen from Marsh Street
REVISED ELEVATION
Response: The black horizontal spandrels between the 2nd and 3rd Ñoors facing Higuera
Street are recessive and emphasize the verticality of these window alcoves. There would
be no Åloss of light into these urban loftsÆ as the applicant insists if the spandrels were
instead painted white or a lighter color and were Ñush with the facade (see above).
Commission: ÅAddress height and scale by setting back the entire fourth Ñoor of the structure
and consider other modiÐcations to reduce the massing towards the Jack House property.Æ
Applicant: ÅThe applicant has modiÐed the south and east fourth Ñoor elevations to step
approximately 10 feet away from the third Ñoor. As a result, the project would have less
massing at the upper Ñoor facing the Jack House property, giving the perception from the
ground level of a three-story building.Æ
Response: The applicant has set back only a portion of the fourth Ñoor (four studio units),
not the Åentire fourth ÑoorÆ. Chair Wynn stated that Åcompromise should be made by
eliminating some of the units from 570 and 581 closest to the Jack House. Four units
closest to Jack House would be reduced to the third Ñoor.Æ
Not mentioned in the sta report or the minutes was concern expressed by the ARC about
access to the rooftop deck.
Response: Access to this rooftop deck is convoluted and is not truly ÅpublicÆ.
With regards to Sections 3.A.i.: ÅCityÈs Examples of Buildings Over 50 FeetÆ and 6.B.i:
ÅDowntown Structures with Comparable HeightÆ in the San Luis Square Project
Statement (updated February 2018):
The Anderson Hotel was designed and built in the 20Ès and the PaciÐc Bell Company building
was designed and built in the early 60Ès when there was no design oversight provided by the
City whatsoever. The City freely ignored any design oversight provided by the ARC on the Palm
Street Parking Garage because this was a City-Ðnanced project and providing parking was
then considered an Åoverriding considerationÆ. The City had no design oversight on the County
Government Center @ 1055 Monterey Street because the County was the lead agency and
therefore beyond City purview. By the way, there was broad-based public engagement
focussing on height discussions as part of the update to the Downtown Concept Plan. ÅPublic
Workshop 1Æ, where there were approximately 75 participants, featured a Map 2 and the
question posed on this map was ÅWhat I Like and What IÈd ChangeÆ. In general, the higher
concentration of sad faces were placed on the County Building @ 1055 Monterey Street.
Finally, the highest portions of Hotel Serra, Southtown 18, the Granada Hotel Expansion and
Monterey Place do not impose on the surrounding sidewalks as they are either located in the
center of the block or far back from the street.
With regards to these tall buildings being designed to achieve multiple policy objectives,
including design amenities, housing and retail land uses, these three Åcommunity beneÐtsÆ
should not apply:
Publicly accessible, open viewing spaces at the upper levels
Response: Still not publicly accessible.
Street level features such as a public plaza, public seating and/or public art
Response: Where is the ÅplazaÆ? How small can a plaza be before it is no longer a
plaza?
Directly implements speciÐc and identiÐable City objectives, as set forth in the General
Plan, the Conceptual Plan for the CityÈs Center, the Downtown Strategic Plan and other
key policy documents
Response: Claiming credit for conforming to the Downtown Concept Plan under
ÅOther ObjectivesÆ is a form of double counting.
In response to the applicantÈs San Luis Square Project Statement (updated February 2018) and
more speciÐcally in response to Section 6: ÅEconomic Vitality and the Downtown ProjectsÆ,
Save Our Downtown has its own values and vision for the community and particularly with
regards to tall buildings in the Downtown District (please see below).
Problems Relating to Increasing Building Heights in SLOÈs Downtown District
Save Our Downtown March 4, 2018
We often cite the following aesthetic reason when arguing against taller buildings in downtown
San Luis Obispo: ÅTall buildings will detract from SLOÈs unique small town charm and
ambiance.Æ The practical concern related to this is that tourism will be negatively impacted if
our downtown loses these qualities. But there are numerous other practical arguments against
building tall buildings downtown.
* Tall buildings overtax the CityÈs existing infrastructure with regards to Ñood
mitigation and evacuation, Ðre abatement, disaster relief, trac congestion and police
protection. Low-rise buildings are more survivable in the event of a catastrophic
earthquake when the city will be limping along at reduced water and power
availability.
* Tall buildings, if under-parked, deplete available o-site parking, thereby driving
away shoppers.
* Tall buildings result in the loss of sunlight and views of the hills. Tall buildings
create microclimates which include heat sinks, wind tunnels, down drafts and
acoustically live echo chambers.
* Tall buildings will erode the historic character of San Luis Obispo. Taller
buildings usually result in increasing pressures to either relocate or demolish
low-rise historic buildings. Tall buildings are typically poor neighbors to low-rise
buildings particularly when they minimize the signiÐcance of civic or historic buildings.
* Tall buildings result in the wholesale removal of mature, carbon-sequestering
street trees.
* Tall buildings downtown lengthen the construction timeline which usurps
sidewalks and on-street parking and thereby hampers the economic viability of
existing retail businesses.
* Tall buildings leave construction sites vacant for prolonged periods of time due to
zoning restrictions, complicated land acquisition, community opposition, longer
permitting processes, construction lead times, complex Ðnancing and higher materials
costs. Low rise buildings in less dense areas do not face those hurdles. The average
high-rise apartment building construction time after permits are approved is currently (in
2017) around 24 months, compared to 17.5 months in 2013.
* Tall buildings involve higher construction costs thereby resulting in higher rents and
reduced retail diversity. The higher construction costs can only be Ðnanced through out-
of-town investors thereby marginalizing local investors and local control. Higher rents
place increasing pressures on property owners to rent to the same national chain stores
found almost everywhere. Higher rents place increasing pressures on stores oering
unique, locally-sourced goods and services, as well as farm-to-table restaurants, to
move out of the downtown core. Higher rents result in a higher concentration of more
proÐtable night clubs, bars and alcohol outlets. Downtown becomes less family-friendly
with the increased presence of alcohol outlets and night clubs.
* Tall buildings reduce propinquity, defensible space and eyes-on territoriality. Tall
buildings separate people from the street, reduce chance encounters, are no longer
walkable and force tenants to rely on energy consuming elevators. Tall buildings prevent
children and the elderly from getting the exercise they need because of the extra eort
it takes to get outside.
* Tall buildings will become socioeconomic silos, become vertical Ågated communitiesÆ,
become dormitories for people with high-paying jobs and will displace or exclude,
through gentriÐcation, lower income populations and families.
* While density and public transportation options signiÐcantly reduce per capita
Footprint, the increased auence of city residents correlates with increased
consumption. A $1,000 increase in expenditure is expected, on average, to correlate
with a 0.09 gha per capita increase in Ecological Footprint. A 100 people per square
mile increase in population density is associated with a 0.06 gha per capita decrease in
the Ecological Footprint. Food and beverage consumption is the biggest contributor to
the cityÈs Footprint.
* Tall buildings are inherently inecient because proportionately more of their surface
area is exposed to the sun and wind. Tall buildings use almost twice as much energy
per square foot as low-rise structures. Tall buildings require more steel and concrete,
therefore contain more embodied energy and are less sustainable than low rise
buildings built largely of wood. Concrete is 10 times more GHG-intensive than wood.
* In low-rise buildings the rooftop supply available for solar energy is inevitably more in
line with the energy demands of the building than it is for mid- or high-rises. Most
buildings that generate their own energy do it with solar photovoltaics (PV). If we
assume that a building has only its roof area available for mounting PV, then a single-
story building is much more likely to achieve net-zero than a high-rise. Getting to net-
zero is extremely dicult for buildings of more than four stories. If the project
includes energy-intensive data centers, labs, or other spaces, the challenge gets
tougher.
* Tall buildings tend to lead to densities that the market wonÈt support. Tall buildings are
an attempt to transform human nature in the name of ÅprogressÆ. Tall buildings lead to a
rapid and unsustainable increase in the market price of real property. Tall buildings do
not perform well when a real estate bubble bursts.
* In order to increase density, the blocks of poorly-used, undervalued buildings and land
that exist in transitional neighborhoods should be populated with 3-4 story structures
before locating taller buildings within historic districts or cohesive neighborhoods.
Even if we disregard all of the above practical concerns related to tall buildings, public
opinion in San Luis Obispo is overwhelmingly behind keeping downtown at 3-4 stories.
In a Michael Baker online survey, 79% of the 400 participants polled in the survey said they
"love" or "like a lot" the "look and feel of downtown". In the Downtown Concept Plan public
workshops, the vast majority of the community said they valued our "small town feel and
historic character". Yet a MIG Consultant Team ÅWhite PaperÆ is advocating doubling
downtown densities, promoting density transfers and increasing the maximum height of
buildings.
Broad Based Public Engagement: Height Discussions conducted over 2016-2017.
Stakeholder Focus Groups (48 participants)
Stakeholders expressed the most disagreement about building heights. Out of 48
participants, 5 dots were placed on keeping heights as they are and 5 dots were placed
on increasing heights. We should hardly think that this represents a mandate for
increasing building heights (which the latest draft report recommends).
Public Workshop 1 (75 participants)
Map 2: What I like and What IÈd Change
Åin general, the higher concentration of sad faces were placed on¼County Building¼Æ
Public Workshop 2 (110 participants)
Small Group Exercise Summaries by Group
Green Group: The group generally agreed that heights should stay as they are
through much of the study area, with an interest in maintaining the current look
and feel of central downtown.
Red Group: Most people felt comfortable with the maximum heights as they
currently are (3 stories in the core (most historic) district.
Black Group: With regard to height and massing, the group decided to keep the
scale as is in the downtown core and the SW area.
White Group: Solar orientation was very important to the group and they
generally felt that the existing setting ¼should be the primary factors evaluated
when determining building heights and massing.
Blue Group: For height and massing, the group felt that there should be no
change to the scale of development in the core or center of downtown to better
maintain view sheds
Yellow Group: In general, the group was supportive of buildings that stepped
back at the upper stories.
OverÑow Group: Generally speaking, they do not want to see increases in height
behind the current condition in downtown.
Online Survey (393 responses)
What do you like most about Downtown SLO?
Top reply: 19%: Look/Feel
Neighborhood Meetings (35 downtown residents)
Height, Massing and Intensity of Development
Meeting participants broadly supported limitations on new building height. A few
discussed negative impacts of development on our environment and noise
impacts in neighborhoods.
If we choose to ignore public opinion, then we should listen to the experts.
"Santa Monica Architects for a Responsible Tomorrow" (SMART) has long advocated for a
city that is no taller than four stories. They say, because of climate change, all buildings should
be installing solar panel arrays on their roofs and that in low-rise buildings the rooftop supply
available for solar energy is inevitably more in line with the energy demands of the building than
it is for mid- or high-rises. Most buildings that generate their own energy do it with solar
photovoltaics (PV). If we assume that a building has only its roof area available for mounting PV,
then a single-story building is much more likely to achieve net-zero than a high-rise. Getting to
net-zero is extremely dicult for buildings of more than four stories. If the project includes
energy-intensive data centers, labs, or other spaces, the challenge gets tougher. Moreover,
low-rise buildings are more survivable in the event of a catastrophic earthquake when the city
will be limping along at reduced water and power availability. Finally SMART is concerned that
the 5, 6 and 7 story buildings are causing negative impacts in the form of overburdening their
City's fragile infrastructure, creating trac gridlock and casting long shadows onto the City
sidewalks.Æ
World-renown architect Jan Gehl states the following: ÆI would say that anybody living over the
Ðfth Ñoor ought generally to be referring to the airspace authorities. You're not part of the earth
anymore, because you can't see what's going on on the ground and the people on the ground
can't see where you are," he warns. Some of the negative consequences of tall buildings, as
cited by Steven Snell, include the isolating eects of high-rise residential buildings, the heat
island eects induced by tall buildings, shadows and loss of natural light, the negative impacts
of many tall buildings on the walkability of the street below, and the danger tall buildings
present to birds.
The great architect Leon Krier, who inÑuenced many New Urbanists, writes passionately in the
recently released2nd Edition of the Charter of the New Urbanism bookthat buildings should
have "an unsurpassable maximum of Ðve Ñoors - in short, to walkable building heights."
James Howard Kunstler argues that skyscrapers will quickly become irreparable relics when
peak oil and climate change transform our environment.