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HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 2 - Update on revised eligibility determinations for Historic Structures in San Luis RanchCity of San Luis Obispo, Community Development, 919 Palm Street, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93401-3218, 805.781.7170, slocity.org CHC meeting of September 24, 2018 TO: Cultural Heritage Committee FROM: Brian Leveille, Senior Planner SUBJECT: (Business Item #2) – Summary of Additional Research and Revised Eligibility Determinations for historic resources in the San Luis Ranch Specific Plan Discussion: The attached mitigation report provides updates on revised eligibility determinations and recommended treatments for buildings to be relocated to the Agricultural Heritage Center in the San Luis Ranch Specific Plan. Additional research has found that the Spectator Barn/Viewing Stand is individually significant under NRHP and CRHP criterion as a rare and surviving example of a racetrack viewing grandstand. As a result, the proposed treatment plan includes salvaging exterior siding material from residence #2 (to be demolished) which was previously removed from the grandstand so that it can be reused for restoration to its period of significance on the grandstand. The Mitigation Report also provides preliminary recommendations for treatment of the structures prior to temporary relocation (Grandstand and Residence #1 - see page 51). In advance of site grading, the next steps are to move the structures adjacent to the future location of the Agricultural Heritage Center. No action is necessary by the CHC. This is an update on progress and status of mitigation measure implementation. Once a detailed plan is developed for the Agricultural Heritage Center, the CHC will review detailed plans for final treatment and placement of the relocated structures (grandstand and Residence #1) and the Main Barn which will be reconstructed. Attached: Mitigation Report for Architectural Resources on the San Luis Ranch, San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California. Paula Juelke Carr, M.A., SWCA Environmental Consultants. September, 2018 Item 2 Packet Page 8 Mitigation Report for Architectural Resources on the San Luis Ranch, San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California SEPTEMBER 2018 PREPARED FOR Coastal Community Builders PREPARED BY SWCA Environmental Consultants 1422 Monterey Avenue, Suite B-C200 San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 Attachment 1 Packet Page 9 Attachment 1 Packet Page 10 MITIGATION REPORT FOR ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES ON THE SAN LUIS RANCH, SAN LUIS OBISPO, SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Prepared for Coastal Community Builders 330 James Way, Suite 270 Pismo Beach, CA 93449 Prepared by Paula Juelke Carr, M.A. SWCA Environmental Consultants 1422 Monterey Street, Suite C200 San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 (805) 543-7095 www.swca.com SWCA Project No. 44844 September 2018 Attachment 1 Packet Page 11 Attachment 1 Packet Page 12 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report i SUMMARY OF ADDITIONAL RESEARCH AND REVISED ELIGIBILITY DETERMINATIONS In November 2016, nine historic-period architectural resources on the San Luis Ranch property were evaluated in connection with the San Luis Ranch Specific Plan Environmental Impact Report (San Luis Ranch EIR) (Bailey et al. 2016; Rincon Consultants 2017). These nine resources included three residences, a main barn, a “spectators’ barn/viewing stand,” a warehouse, and three sheds. The 2016 evaluation made the following eligibility determinations: • The property and the structures on the property . . . do not demonstrate sufficient historical significance in national, state, or local agricultural development or as a unique property type to warrant listing in the NRHP [National Register of Historic Places]. • The San Luis Ranch Complex is eligible for listing in the CRHR [California Register of Historical Resources] under Criterion 1 for its association with the early agricultural development of San Luis Obispo. The San Luis Ranch property has retained the complex of ranch buildings and cultivated fields for over a century. The property is also representative of an early 20th century farm with its associated buildings, agricultural fields and ancillary structures. The buildings reflect the distinctive characteristics of the early 20th century vernacular agricultural architecture, making the San Luis Ranch Complex also eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3. • The project site is not currently within the City limit. Therefore, neither the project site nor any structures on the site are currently listed as a Historic or Cultural Resource according to the above criteria. However, the San Luis Ranch property exemplifies an important period of local history, being established as a family farm and developing into a valuable local agribusiness industry. The property is representative of early 20th century agricultural and industrial development. The San Luis Ranch Complex, as well as cultivated fields, has existed on the property for over a century. The San Luis Ranch Complex is a rare remaining and intact example of a farm complex representing the early agricultural history of San Luis Obispo. Therefore, it is eligible for designation . . . as a City of San Luis Obispo historic resource under Criterion A.1 (Style). This San Luis Ranch Mitigation Report has been prepared in partial fulfillment of Mitigation Measure CR-1(b), as the “detailed historic narrative report” and the “compilation of historic research” specified in Section 4.5 (Cultural Resources) of the 2017 San Luis Ranch EIR. Additional information located during the preparation of the mitigation report has made it necessary to revise some of the 2016 eligibility determinations. Results of Additional Research The Spectators’ Barn/Viewing Stand is the modified but sufficiently intact viewing stand (grandstand) constructed in 1887 as part of the fairgrounds for the first fair held by the State of California District Agricultural Association No. 16 (Sixteenth District Agricultural Association) in San Luis Obispo County. As a late nineteenth century grandstand, it is a rare surviving example of a scarce building type in California. Locally, it is the oldest surviving building from the earliest days of the county fairs held under Attachment 1 Packet Page 13 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report ii the auspices of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association and the only surviving building that links the first District Fair to the present-day Mid-State Fair. Further, hundreds of board feet of the original drop siding removed from the southwest elevation of the grandstand (when it was relocated on the parcel in 1900) were used to clad Residence #2; this original material can now be reclaimed from the residence and used to substantially restore the exterior of the viewing stand. The primary significance of the barn/viewing stand does not lie in its role as a contributing resource to the San Luis Ranch Complex, but as an individually eligible resource connected to San Luis Obispo County’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Fair, horse-racing events at the fair, and the subsequent historic development of the San Luis Obispo County Fair, including the Mid-State Fair. Similarly, the primary significance of Residence #1 does not lie in its association with the Dalidio family, who acquired the property in 1920, but with the Wood family (William Otterbein Wood and his eldest son, William Forrest Wood, and his family). The Wood family acquired the former fairground property in 1900 and built and determined the layout of all of the essential core buildings and structures of the San Luis Ranch Complex: • Residence #1 (built and occupied by the Wood family); • Residence #2 (built by the Wood family using lumber removed from the grandstand); • The barn (built by the Wood family); and • The grandstand (moved and repurposed by William Otterbein Wood as a barn). This report therefore makes the following revised eligibility determinations. National Register of Historic Places The following revisions are made for NRHP eligibility: • The 1887 grandstand is eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A, at the state level of significance, for its direct connection with the State of California’s District Agricultural Association fairs, inaugurated in 1880, and for its direct connection with the incorporation of horse racing in state fairs. The persistence of state revenue generated by horse racing, which started with fairs, was expanded in the 1930s through the advent of pari-mutuel betting and continues today in the revenue stream supporting—among other entities—state universities, such as the California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly). • The 1887 grandstand is also eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C, at the state level of significance, as a rare surviving example of a building type (horse-racing track grandstand) constructed on a fairground under the auspices of the State of California’s system of District Agricultural Associations. California Register of Historical Resources The following revisions are made for CRHR eligibility: • The 1887 grandstand appears to meet the eligibility criteria for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 1, at the state level of significance, for its direct connection with the State of California’s District Agricultural Association fairs, inaugurated in 1885, and for its direct connection with the incorporation of horse racing in state fairs. The persistence of state revenue Attachment 1 Packet Page 14 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report iii generated by horse racing, which started with fairs, was expanded in the 1930s through the advent of pari-mutuel betting and continues today in the revenue stream supporting state universities, such as Cal Poly. • The 1887 grandstand also appears to meet the eligibility criteria for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3, at the state level of significance, as a rare surviving example of a building type (horse-racing track grandstand) constructed on a fairground under the auspices of the State of California’s system of District Agricultural Associations. San Luis Obispo Local Designation The following revisions are proposed for San Luis Obispo Local Designation eligibility: • The 1887 grandstand appears eligible as a Master List property under: o Criterion A(1)(b): as a rare architectural building style o Criterion B(2)(a): for its association with a first-of-its-kind event that made a significant contribution to a broad pattern of local history o Criterion B(3)(a): for its association with an early pattern of local history o Criterion C(2): as a structure that has retained enough of its historic character and appearance to be recognizable as a historic resource and to convey the reasons for its significance • The Wood Family Residence (Residence #1) appears individually eligible as a Contributing Resource under: o Criterion A(1)(a): for the relative purity of its Craftsman style o Criterion A(2)(a): for its notable attractiveness and craftsmanship, especially in a farmstead setting o Criterion C(1)-C(3): for its integrity of location, materials, design, workmanship, setting, feeling, and association Attachment 1 Packet Page 15 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report iv This page intentionally left blank. Attachment 1 Packet Page 16 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report v CONTENTS Summary of Additional Research and Revised Eligibility Determinations............................................ i Results of Additional Research ............................................................................................................... i National Register of Historic Places ................................................................................................ ii California Register of Historical Resources..................................................................................... ii San Luis Obispo Local Designation................................................................................................ iii Project Description ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Historic Context .......................................................................................................................................... 1 Rancho Laguna ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Rancho Laguna Partitioning ............................................................................................................ 3 Early Agricultural Operations Onsite ..................................................................................................... 5 Lucian Garcia Terra (c.1838–1889) ................................................................................................. 5 Domingo Machado (c. 1850–1915) ................................................................................................. 6 From Farm to Fair .................................................................................................................................. 8 Horse Racing an Early Fixture of California District Agricultural Association Fairs ..................... 8 San Luis Obispo Organizes ............................................................................................................ 12 Early San Luis Obispo Horse-Racing Tracks ................................................................................ 12 From District Fair to Mid-State Fair .................................................................................................... 14 1880: The First Iteration – California State District Agricultural Association No. 7 .................... 14 1887: California State District Agricultural Association No. 16 ................................................... 15 The Machado Tract ........................................................................................................................ 19 1887: First Annual Fair .................................................................................................................. 20 1888: The Pavilion ......................................................................................................................... 24 1888: Second Annual Fair ............................................................................................................. 24 1890: Fourth Annual Fair............................................................................................................... 28 1891: Fifth Annual Fair ................................................................................................................. 29 1892: Sixth Annual Fair ................................................................................................................. 32 1893: Seventh Annual Fair ............................................................................................................ 32 1894: Eighth Annual Fair............................................................................................................... 32 1895 ............................................................................................................................................... 34 1896 ............................................................................................................................................... 36 1897 ............................................................................................................................................... 36 1898 ............................................................................................................................................... 38 1899: Ninth Fair ............................................................................................................................. 38 1900: The Last Horse Racing on the San Luis Obispo Fair Grounds ............................................ 40 William Otterbein “Parson” Wood (1826–1905) ........................................................................... 40 1901: The Sixteenth District Fair in the Twentieth Century .......................................................... 41 1946: The College of Fairs and the Sixteenth District Fair ........................................................... 43 Racetrack Grandstands as an Architectural Resource Type ................................................................. 44 San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand ................................. 45 Revised Eligibility Determinations .......................................................................................................... 48 Results of Additional Research ................................................................................................................ 49 National Register of Historic Places ..................................................................................................... 49 California Register of Historical Resources ......................................................................................... 50 San Luis Obispo Local Designation ..................................................................................................... 50 Attachment 1 Packet Page 17 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report vi Revised Eligibility Determinations and Treatment Plan ....................................................................... 51 Treatment Plan ..................................................................................................................................... 51 Residence #1 .................................................................................................................................. 51 Residence #2 .................................................................................................................................. 52 Residence #3 .................................................................................................................................. 52 Warehouse ..................................................................................................................................... 52 Barn ................................................................................................................................................ 52 Racetrack Grandstand .................................................................................................................... 52 Sheds .............................................................................................................................................. 52 Structure at North Corner of Property............................................................................................ 53 Preparer’s Qualifications ......................................................................................................................... 54 References Cited ........................................................................................................................................ 55 Newspapers (individual citations provided in text) .............................................................................. 56 Maps ..................................................................................................................................................... 56 Figures Figure 1. Detail of the plat of the roughly 4,000-acre Laguna Rancho, surveyed by Brice M. Henry in 1858 ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2. Map of the subdivisions of Ranchos Cañada de los Osos and La Laguna, San Luis Obispo County, surveyed by James Stratton, May 1868 ........................................................................ 4 Figure 3. Parson’s 1920 map, Survey No. 119A, is based on Harris’s unrecorded 1875 survey map, Resubdivision of Rancho Laguna. ............................................................................................. 4 Figure 4. Detail of 1880 federal census of the population, showing the entries for the Terra and Machado families, recorded June 1880...................................................................................... 5 Figure 5. Lucian Garcia Terra’s headstone, Old Mission Cemetery, San Luis Obispo. ............................... 5 Figure 6. Schedule B, Productions of Agriculture, of the 1880 Federal Census, showing the farm produce on what is now the San Luis Ranch property. .............................................................. 7 Figure 7. Machado family vault, Old Mission Cemetery, San Luis Obispo. ................................................ 8 Figure 8. The Board of Directors of the California State Fair responds to criticism about the emphasis on horse racing ........................................................................................................... 9 Figure 9. Entrance gate to the Sixth District Los Angeles Agricultural Park (now Exposition Park) ........ 10 Figure 10. The Sixth District Los Angeles Agricultural Park racetrack, 1895 ........................................... 11 Figure 11. Sulky racing was a prominent part of county fair horse racing meets nationwide .................... 11 Figure 12. Sulky race, c. 1910s–20s (Source: Windsor Historical Society, 1954.2.4.406). ....................... 12 Figure 13. Locations of two mid-1870s San Luis Obispo horse-racing tracks. .......................................... 13 Figure 14. Santa Barbara’s Nineteenth District Agricultural Association advertised its own Agricultural Park horse races in 1886, 1887, and 1890 ........................................................... 14 Figure 15. Location of Charles Woods’s 0.5-mile racetrack, superimposed on Block 9 of Map of the Central Addition to the City of San Luis Obispo, surveyed by E. Y. Buchanan in June 1887. ........................................................................................................................................ 17 Figure 16. San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Pavilion, built at the corner of Monterey and Toro in 1888 ...................................................................................... 24 Figure 17. The Pacific Coast Steamship Company advertised excursion rates to the 1888 San Luis District Fair from both Los Angeles and San Francisco .......................................................... 26 Figure 18. Excerpts from Annual Report of the Sixteenth District Board of Directors for 1890. .............. 28 Attachment 1 Packet Page 18 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report vii Figure 19. Excerpts from Annual Report of the Sixteenth District Board of Directors for 1890. .............. 29 Figure 20. Advertisement for upcoming Sixteenth District Agricultural Fair ............................................ 32 Figure 21. Receipts and expenditures for the 1894 Sixteenth District Fair ................................................ 34 Figure 22. The Assembly votes to end State appropriations for District Fairs ........................................... 35 Figure 23. Advertisement for the 1899 fair and races. Smith Shaw is named as president of the Sixteenth Agricultural Association .......................................................................................... 39 Figure 24. The Sixteenth District Fair moves to Paso Robles .................................................................... 41 Figure 25. The 1920 Paso Robles District Fair and Almond Show promised a “well-regulated fair,” including exhibits of new farm equipment .............................................................................. 42 Figure 26. In 1981, the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Fair was branded the “Mid-State Fair” for the first time .............................................................................................................. 44 Figure 27. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing west. .......................... 46 Figure 28. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing southwest. ................. 46 Figure 29. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing southeast. .................. 47 Figure 30. Residence #2, shown here, incorporates some of the drop-siding removed from the grandstand when it was moved to its present location and converted into a barn. .................. 48 Attachment 1 Packet Page 19 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report viii This page intentionally left blank. Attachment 1 Packet Page 20 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) has prepared this San Luis Ranch Mitigation Report in partial fulfillment of Mitigation Measure CR-1(b), as the “detailed historic narrative report” and the “compilation of historic research” specified in Section 4.5 (Cultural Resources), of the San Luis Ranch Specific Plan Environmental Impact Report (San Luis Ranch EIR) (Rincon Consultants 2017). Additional information located during the preparation of the mitigation report has made it advisable to revise some of the 2016 eligibility determinations. METHODOLOGY This historic narrative report is based on a combination of earlier reports and recent additional research. SWCA Senior Architectural Historian Paula Juelke Carr, M.A., carried out the fieldwork, evaluation, and report preparation for this study. The historical development of the farmstead property has previously been addressed in two separate studies by Bertrando and Bertrando (1999a, 1999b) in connection with an earlier proposed redevelopment project (San Luis Obispo Marketplace Annexation: The Dalidio Property). Preliminary research, therefore, included a review of these earlier studies and desktop research in standard secondary sources for the San Luis Obispo area. SWCA made field visits to the San Luis Ranch property at intervals during the report preparation. Site-specific research made extensive use of contemporaneous newspaper articles appearing not only in local San Luis Obispo newspapers (e.g., San Luis Obispo Daily Tribune, Semi-Weekly Breeze), available on microfilm at the San Luis Obispo City-County Library, but also in other newspapers, such as the Santa Maria Times, Los Angeles Times and Los Angeles Herald, San Francisco Chronicle and San Francisco Call, and Sacramento Record-Union—all accessed through the online commercial newspaper service, Newspapers.com. The state’s leading agricultural journal, the Pacific Rural Press, available online through the California Digital Newspaper Collection on the State of California Library website, also reported from time to time on the activities of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association. These sources permitted a very detailed view of the individuals involved in the development of the fair, site selection, construction, and the layout of the various built-environment components on what is now the San Luis Ranch property. Archival collections in the California History Section of the California State Library in Sacramento helped explain the origins of the State of California District Agricultural Association No. 16 (Sixteenth District Agricultural Association). The Western Fairs Collection in the California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly) Library’s Special Collections provided important information on the funding of the State’s District fairs and confirmed the continuity of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association even during the decades when no District-sponsored fairs were held. Federal census records accessed through Ancestry.com yielded valuable information about the farming operations of Lucian Garcia Terra and Domingo Machado, whose adjoining farms made up the tract of land occupied by the fairgrounds. Contemporaneous newspapers also provided details about the Wood family, whose purchase of the fairgrounds led to the development of the San Luis Ranch Complex buildings and structures, including the repurposing of the grandstand into a barn. HISTORIC CONTEXT The San Luis Ranch parcel is one of the few remaining agricultural parcels within the immediate sphere of influence of San Luis Obispo that retains historic significance as a farmstead property. In addition to the historic-period farmhouses, barn, and sheds present onsite is a rare building type—a nineteenth- century racetrack grandstand—modified for use as a barn but still recognizable. In 1900, this grandstand Attachment 1 Packet Page 21 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 2 was moved a short distance from its original location alongside a racetrack that operated nearby in the 1880s and 1890s. This historic context provides the background for understanding the significance of the grandstand in terms of both the development of the County Fair and the inclusion of horse racing, and also provides context for understanding the individual significance of the historic-period buildings and structures that make up the San Luis Ranch Complex. Rancho Laguna When the project area was first encountered by European explorers, the landscape was a broad, natural wetland complex extending westward down the Los Osos Valley toward the Morro Bay/Baywood estuary, and south along San Luis Obispo Creek toward Avila Bay. At contact, the area was documented as being frequented by grizzly bears in great numbers and was therefore not a favorable location for permanent Native American settlement. The wetland’s abundant resources—including tule reeds, fish, turtles, birds, and a host of other plants and animals—were nonetheless important to Native American villages established relatively nearby on more suitable ground, and the project area would have been regularly visited. With missionization, the area came under the jurisdiction of Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, but— except for upland slopes that permitting some livestock grazing—the use of the project area is not likely to have changed remarkably; the local Chumash population would have continued to be the most frequent visitors, hunting, fishing, and gathering useful plant materials. Even as a rancho property, the same combination of limited grazing, hunting, fishing, and gathering would have prevailed. Following the acquisition of Alta California by the United States in 1848, at the conclusion of the Mexican–American War, properties formerly granted under Mexican law were reviewed for validation of title. The 1858 plat map (Figure 1) that eventually confirmed the Laguna Rancho as church property under the administration of Joseph Sadoc Alemany, Archbishop of San Francisco, was concerned primarily with the boundaries of the lozenge-shaped property, identified as Lot No. 37 of Township 31 South, Range 12 East, Mount Diablo Meridian. At irregular intervals around the border, the surveyor annotated the locations of the posts and stone mounds erected as survey monuments and also labeled creek crossings, dry ravines, and wagon “roads” to specific destinations. Three notations are of interest to the San Luis Ranch property: one marks the southeast end of the lagoon, another shows the alignment of an “old stone fence,” and the other labels a “valley.” Attachment 1 Packet Page 22 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 3 Figure 1. Detail of the plat of the roughly 4,000-acre Laguna Rancho, surveyed by Brice M. Henry in 1858 (Source: http://www.slocgs.org/carpenter/LandGrants.html). Rancho Laguna Partitioning James Stratton’s 1868 survey established the base lines for mapping of the region. Lots 64 and 65 (Figure 2) were further subdivided by R. R. Harris in 1875. The San Luis Ranch property comprised lots K, L, M, and N of the 1875 subdivision. These lots form the basis of the current property (Figure 3). Attachment 1 Packet Page 23 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 4 Figure 2. Map of the subdivisions of Ranchos Cañada de los Osos and La Laguna, San Luis Obispo County, surveyed by James Stratton, May 1868 (Source: San Luis Obispo County Maps Book A, p. 83). Figure 3. Parson’s 1920 map, Survey No. 119A, is based on Harris’s unrecorded 1875 survey map, Resubdivision of Rancho Laguna. Attachment 1 Packet Page 24 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 5 Early Agricultural Operations Onsite By 1880, two landowners, Lucian Garcia Terra and Domingo Machado, were residing on and farming the tracts of land that make up the San Luis Ranch acreage. Both operated small general farms, pursuing a mixture of grain and bean farming, with limited butter making, a potato patch, apple orchard, and vineyard, a few hogs and chickens, and some wood cutting to round out the seasons of farm production. This land use was consistent with other early farm activities near the Laguna in the latter third of the nineteenth century. Lucian Garcia Terra (c.1838–1889) As recorded by the federal census taker in June 1880, Leucianis (Lucian) Garcia Terra and his brother Manuel Garcia Terra were neighbors of Domingo Machado on adjoining farms (Figure 4). Lucian (age 40), who owned his farm property, was married to 40-year-old Carolina A. Terra. Both husband and wife had been born in the Azores. Their four children (all of whom had been born in California) were Mary (age 6), Manuel (5), Eda M (3), and Adelaida (2). Lucian is listed as being unable to read or write. His older brother, Manuel Terra (age 49), also born in the Azores, lived separately in his own household. Unlike his brother, Manuel did not own but was renting for a share of the produce. Both Lucian and Manuel are listed as “sick” on the day of the enumerator’s visit. Luciano Garcia Terra died in San Luis Obispo on March 8, 1899 at the age of 61 and was buried in the Old Mission Cemetery on Higuera Street (Figure 5), not far from his former farm property. Figure 4. Detail of 1880 federal census of the population, showing the entries for the Terra and Machado families, recorded June 1880. Figure 5. Lucian Garcia Terra’s headstone, Old Mission Cemetery, San Luis Obispo. Attachment 1 Packet Page 25 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 6 On the same day that census enumerator J. D. Fowler (a fellow farmer and rancher from the Willow Creek area) recorded information about the individual Terra and Machado family members, he also recorded details about their crops (Figure 6): Lucian Garcia Terra tilled 25 acres, which yielded 300 bushels of dry beans. He also planted 1 acre of Irish potatoes, with a yield of 20 bushels. Cutting 10 cords of wood yielded $50. His farm was valued at $1,200, with an additional $75 worth of implements and $40 worth of livestock. Included in the livestock were one milch cow, one hog, and 24 chickens that had produced a total of 250 eggs in 1879. The total value of production for the preceding year was $225. His brother Manuel Terra is listed as having his own crops, but because he did not own the land and was working for a share of the profits, it is likely that he was working for Lucian. Manuel was listed as tilling 30 acres, but he also had 10 acres with 110 bearing apple trees that had yielded 100 bushels in 1879, valued at $600. Another 8 acres of grapes had yielded 450 pounds of fruit. The farm was valued at $1,200, with farm production for 1879 totaling $622. His only livestock was a flock of 12 chickens. Domingo Machado (c. 1850–1915) A 1917 county history notes that Domingo Machado “was born in the Azores islands, came to the United States and located in San Luis Obispo County in 1873, where, the following year, he was united in marriage to Rosa Lima. He engaged in farming soon after at Laguna and later in Los Osos valley, and followed that vocation until his death, August 9, 1915” (Morrison and Haydon 2002, p. 574). The June 17, 1880, census recorded the following information about the Machado farming operations: Domingo Machado grew 10 acres of barley, yielding 350 bushels, and raised 200 pounds of dry beans. Wood cutting yielded six cords of wood with a total value of $24. His livestock included one cow, two hogs, and six chickens, who had produced a total of 12 eggs the previous year. The cow is not listed as a milch cow but was evidently used for cream; 50 pounds of butter was made on the farm in 1879. Machado was active in the Portuguese fraternal organization Uniao Portugueza do Estado da California (U.P.E.C.) and was elected treasurer of the Morro Council of the group in September 1909 (Los Angeles Herald, September 11, 1902, p. 10). A brief notice of Machado’s death, published in the Santa Maria Times on August 14, 1915, p. 5, described him as “a pioneer of San Luis Obispo.” The family vault is an impressive one in the Old Mission Cemetery (Figure 7). Attachment 1 Packet Page 26 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 7 Figure 6. Schedule B, Productions of Agriculture, of the 1880 Federal Census, showing the farm produce on what is now the San Luis Ranch property. Attachment 1 Packet Page 27 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 8 Figure 7. Machado family vault, Old Mission Cemetery, San Luis Obispo. From Farm to Fair Once the frenzied dash for California’s gold fields began to subside in the late 1850s, disenchanted miners and others began to look about them and recognize the economic potential of the state’s arable lands. From San Francisco southward, California’s late-nineteenth-century economy was founded not on gold mining, but on agriculture, stock raising, and dairying. The decades of the 1870s and much of the 1880s were marked by bonanza yields of grains, as California’s virgin soils were plowed and planted for the first time. The scale of the acreage planted required either enormous amounts of labor, or else investment in new types of agricultural machinery, including gang plows, headers, and combines that revolutionized farming (Olmstead and Rhode 2017, p. 2). In the 1890s, orchards also became economically important, relying on railroads for faster transportation of produce to distant markets. Boosterism and hyperbole found their place quite naturally in California’s agricultural sections. The impetus to capitalize on marketing the products found expression in regional agricultural fairs, with exhibitions of each area’s finest products. In San Luis Obispo County, wheat and barley growing, fruit and vegetable cultivation, investments in pedigreed animals to improve stock raising, and seasonal dairying (almost exclusively for butter and cheese) were all in place by the 1870s. The mid-1880s saw the transformation of the Terra and Machado families’ general farm property into the fairgrounds for the county’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association. This transition came about in part because of San Luis Obispo’s recognition in the state as an agricultural county, with prize-winning butter, vegetables, cereals, and horseflesh. Horse Racing an Early Fixture of California District Agricultural Association Fairs The California State Agricultural Society was incorporated as early as 1854; their published Transactions provide important contemporary data on the burgeoning place of agriculture and stock raising in California. An impressive broadside advertising the 1856 State Agricultural Fair, held in San Jose, prominently features the Cattle Show and Industrial Arts Exhibition, but also states “An opportunity will be given for the trial of the Strength of Teams [a plowing match], and of the Speed of Horses, running against time [rather than against other horses]. Prize money was offered for pacing horses, trotting horses, Attachment 1 Packet Page 28 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 9 and running horses, as well as draft teams of horses, mules, and oxen” (Cal Poly Special Collections, Fairs, MS #9, FF141, Folder 5). The State Fair, later held in Sacramento, was certainly designed to promote the interests of farmers, stock raisers, and dairy men, but the Board of Directors had to acknowledge that horse racing had become an important draw for the general public and constituted an important source of revenue for the continued operation of the fair. Figure 8. The Board of Directors of the California State Fair responds to criticism about the emphasis on horse racing (California State Agricultural Society 1876, p. 27). This connection between the early agricultural fairs and horse racing remained constant and controversial. The popularity and income were attractive, but the taint of gambling and other shady activities was a recurring problem. In Los Angeles, for example, businessmen associated with agricultural and stock- raising interests organized a syndicate—the Los Angeles Agricultural Society—with the idea of showcasing local produce and prize animals in a “fairground” setting. In 1872 the syndicate acquired 160 acres of land for an agricultural park (now better known as Exposition Park and the home of the Coliseum and the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History) (Figure 9). They operated the park as a private venture and had a racetrack built onsite specifically to help provide funding, but the enterprise went bankrupt in 1880. In 1882 the Society reorganized as the Sixth District Agricultural Association to be able to reacquire the property and to qualify for state fair allocations. The deed arrangements, land use, subdivision, and operation of the racetrack (and the associated proliferation of saloons, gambling, and general seediness of the locale) became the subject of litigation and general controversy for another decade. A Los Angeles Times editorial (July 13, 1887, p. 4) summed up some of the local opposition to horse racing: There is no intrinsic reason why the animal fairs should not be superb annual successes. This section is rich, enterprising and incomparable productive. It raises the finest vegetables, the finest fruit and finest horses on the continent. The only trouble with the fairs has been in the management. The people have lost confidence and acquired disgust. Attachment 1 Packet Page 29 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 10 The things became so disreputable that attendance was finally left pretty much to the disreputables. Gamblers, swindlers, thieves and strumpets had it pretty much their own way at the park. Mr. Robinson [President of the 6th District Agricultural Association], on behalf of the directors, informs the Times that it is the intention of the association to stop all this. The wheel of fortune and the shell-game must go, and order must be maintained. No gambling privileges will be sold, and if sharpers try to operate they will be cleaned out. The directors did not feel that they could now suppress that universal adjunct of the track, pool-selling; but it will be confined to a single point at a distance from the grand-stand. Let the directors go ahead on their new tack, and they will win. Let them make the fairs reputable, give us something more than horse-racing, stir up the farmers and make a display of our fruits, vegetables and other productions that will be worthy of us, and this intelligent community will appreciate and back up their efforts Figure 9. Entrance gate to the Sixth District Los Angeles Agricultural Park (now Exposition Park) (Source: Los Angeles Public Library Photograph Collection (https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/how-agricultural-park- became-exposition-park). Attachment 1 Packet Page 30 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 11 Figure 10. The Sixth District Los Angeles Agricultural Park racetrack, 1895 (Source: Title Insurance and Trust / C.C. Pierce Photography Collection, USC Libraries, available at: https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/how- agricultural-park-became-exposition-park). Figure 11. Sulky racing was a prominent part of county fair horse racing meets nationwide (Source: Windsor [Connecticut] Historical Society, 2015.1.125). Attachment 1 Packet Page 31 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 12 Figure 12. Sulky race, c. 1910s–20s (Source: Windsor Historical Society, 1954.2.4.406). San Luis Obispo Organizes When San Luis Obispo businessmen established a local Agricultural Society on March 25, 1875 (Angel 1883:207), the directors had to state their specific intent in their constitution and bylaws. The purpose of the San Luis Obispo Agricultural Society, they wrote, was “the fostering, encouraging, promoting, and aiding in developing agriculture, horticulture, domestic manufactures, mechanics, household economy, rural practice and taste, and general domestic industry, stock-raising in the various branches thereof, and the improvement of the races [i.e., breeds] of all useful domestic animals, and for the trial of the speed of horses [emphasis added], and for the dissemination of useful information on these subjects.” From the beginning, then, horse racing was to be incorporated in the Agricultural Society’s proceedings. The construction of local horse-racing tracks in the mid-1870s was a good indication of the growing interest in speed trials on the part of local horse breeders. Early San Luis Obispo Horse-Racing Tracks Local San Luis Obispo newspapers provide good documentation of two racetracks constructed in 1874 and 1875, before the advent of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association. Figure 13, below, shows the location of “G. Leff’s Farm” as well as Harford’s racetrack. Leff Farm The Race Course – In our last issue we made brief mention of the race course being constructed by Mr. G. Leff, about two miles south of town. On Wednesday morning last, we visited the track on which a number of hands were at work, superintended by Mr. Leff. The locality is a most picturesque one; a beautiful green plain dotted here and there with broad spreading sycamores, surrounded at a distance by majestic mountains, on some of which dense pine forests may be seen; the place is really attractive. The track forms two straight and two oval stretches of 220 yards each making the whole length 880 yards, one half mile. It has been carefully graded and will be ready for the races which take place to-day, after which, Mr. Leff contemplates adding such improvements as will be necessary to make it a first-class track. Mr. Leff is a lover, as well as a raiser, of fine Attachment 1 Packet Page 32 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 13 horses and deserves credit for his enterprise and direction (San Luis Obispo Tribune, December 5, 1874, p. 3). Harford Place New Mile Race Course – Mr. N. A. Cook has had surveyed, and is now putting in good condition, a mile track on the Harford place, a mile below town [bisected by present-day Elks Lane]. It is a fine place for the purpose; the ground is perfectly level, and the soil susceptible of being put into the fastest condition. A windbreak on the northwest side would add greatly to the comfort of attendants, and make it, in time, the headquarters of the sportsmen of the county. We hope that Mr. Cook will not stop until all necessary improvements for the convenience of both man and beast are completed. A good race- course is a need that has long been felt, and will go far toward inspiring in our people a disposition to excel in horseflesh. Go ahead with it! (San Luis Obispo Weekly Tribune, November 13, 1875, p. 1). Figure 13. Locations of two mid-1870s San Luis Obispo horse-racing tracks. Attachment 1 Packet Page 33 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 14 From District Fair to Mid-State Fair 1880: The First Iteration – California State District Agricultural Association No. 7 The earliest local agricultural societies—like those of San Luis Obispo and Los Angeles—were superseded in April 1880 when state legislators enacted a law providing for the organization of 11 agricultural districts aggregating individual counties throughout the state. San Luis Obispo County— along with Monterey, Santa Cruz, and San Benito Counties—was assigned to Agricultural District No. 7 (California State Agricultural Society 1886, p. 7). In January 1885, “Governor Stoneman appointed Truman Anderson, of San Luis Obispo County, as a Director of Agricultural District No. 7, for the term expiring December 1, 1888” (Sacramento Record-Union, January 30, 1885, p. 3). During these early years, Arroyo Grande took the lead, holding its own Agricultural Fair (which does not appear to have included a racetrack). As the acknowledged center of activity for the county’s horticultural and vegetable production, Arroyo Grande was a logical host. So extraordinarily fertile was the Arroyo Grande Valley, yielding abundant crops of superior quality and astonishing size, that it was a regular gold medal winner at the annual State Fair in Sacramento. San Luis Obispo, Sept. 27. – The Arroyo Grande Agricultural Association on Saturday decided to hold the fair and cattle show on the 15th and 16th of October. Exhibitors are invited from San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara counties (Los Angeles Times, September 28, 1886, p. 1; Los Angeles Herald, September 28, 1886, p. 1). The invitation extended to Santa Barbara County is especially interesting, inasmuch as Santa Barbara had its own Agricultural Park and racetrack in 1886 (Figure 14). Figure 14. Santa Barbara’s Nineteenth District Agricultural Association advertised its own Agricultural Park horse races in 1886, 1887, and 1890 (Santa Maria Times, November 27, 1886, p. 5; July 2, 1887, p. 3; and August 9, 1890, p. 3). Attachment 1 Packet Page 34 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 15 1887: California State District Agricultural Association No. 16 In March 1887, the state legislature reorganized the 1880 agricultural districts, removing San Luis Obispo County from District No. 7 and giving it its own unique designation: California State District Agricultural Association No. 16—the designation it retains today. In recognition of the new state legislation, the San Luis Obispo County Board of Trade organized an agricultural association that could legally function as, and assume the financial benefits of, a District Association. In May 1887 California’s Governor Bartlett appointed a roster of prominent San Luis Obispo County residents to the Board of Directors for the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association: P.W. Murphy, J. H. Orcutt, E. W. Steele, A. Towler, A. Tognazzini, L. M. Warden, J. P. Webster, and George Van Gorden (Sacramento Record-Union, May 10, 1887, p. 3). The Board immediately proposed to hold a fair in the fall (Los Angeles Times, May 21, 1887, p. 5; and Sacramento Record-Union, same day, p. 8). Even as the fall fair season was drawing near, however, San Luis Obispo newspaper editors had still been agitating for better facilities and discussing the relative merits of candidate locations. As reported in the San Luis Obispo Daily Republic: District Fair The following are the dates of the principal interior fairs: Santa Clara Valley Agricultural Society, August 15th to 20th; Sonoma Society, August 22nd to 27th; Sonoma and Marin (Petaluma), August 29th to September 3d; Sacramento State Fair, September 12th to 14th; Nevada County, September 21st to October 1st; Stockton, September 27th to October 1st; Sixth District, Los Angeles, October 4th to 8th. The date fixed for the San Luis Obispo fair is the first Tuesday after the close of the Monterey fair, which is on the 11th of October, continuing to the 15th. Our Directors will see, therefore that they have more than three months in which to prepare, and that if they choose to exercise a proper energy, they may arouse a public spirit in our people that will, in a measure, redeem them from the charges of neglect of other public matters. With the inspiration of honorable energy, we feel confident of a very excellent fair in October next. The great question at issue now, is the procuring of fair grounds and race course. There are several locations available, as at Arroyo Grande, on the Corral de Piedra, on McCoppin’s or Grant’s land southeast of town [approximately the Vachell Tract and Suburban Tract, respectively]. Or on Orcutt’s place south of town [Orcutt Road]. The last named offers but a half mile course, to which some object. The people of Arroyo Grande from their priority of organization, from having held the first successful fair, from the fact that their products would be the attraction of any fair, and from their superior public spirit, feel that the fair should be held in their vicinity and that their ground should be selected. They certainly have great claims, but the county at large would undoubtedly select this city as the place of meeting. The question may be said to settle upon the selection of a mile course southeast of town or the half mile course on Orcutt’s land. The objection to the first is that it is subject to cold and heavy winds. The track at Orcutt’s is more sheltered, and moreover, for a country fair a half mile course has many points of advantage. The cost of purchase and maintenance would be less, and in the exhibition of animals it would be far more convenient and preferable. In the exercise of horses or in races, the spectator would have a better view, and but a very slight difference is noticeable in the time made. We have heard quite a number of prominent men and experts express favorable opinions of the half mile course (San Luis Obispo Daily Republic, July 6, 1887). Attachment 1 Packet Page 35 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 16 Two weeks before the fair opened, the Los Angeles Times (September 25, 1887, p. 4) announced that the San Luis Obispo County District Agricultural Association fair would run for 4 days, October 11–14, 1887, with entries for the races closing on October 9. As an inducement, $3,000 would be offered in prizes, and “One of the features of fair week will be a polo contest between English and Mexican riders….” The polo match was not as improbable as it sounds. One of the leading “sports” of San Luis Obispo at that time was Horace Annesley Vachell, “a young Englishman who became a landed squire,” with his Tally-Ho property in Arroyo Grande and another on what is now Vachell Lane in San Luis Obispo. In the “late 1870s and along in 1883” Vachell “introduced polo to the hard riding cowboys of his Arroyo Grande farm. He became discouraged, however, and returned to England to write a book called ‘Life and Sport on the Pacific Coast,’ which tells about polo pioneering” (Santa Maria Times, July 5, 1938, p. 1). In his book, Vachell notes that “There were no race-meetings in our county till the County Fairs were organized; but one man would match his horse against another’s, and these matches would generally take place upon the Pizmo sands, a magnificent race-course fifteen miles long and fifty yards wide” (Vachell 1901:16). While the outcome of the polo match does not seem to have been recorded, the 1887 fair was duly held. This first fair, sponsored by the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association, commenced immediately after the 1887 Arroyo Grande Fair ended, with some of the same exhibits sent up to be shown again in San Luis Obispo (Los Angeles Herald, October 8, 1887, p. 1). In a 1916 retrospective article in the San Luis Obispo Semi-Weekly Tribune (July 14, 1916, p. 1), it was reported that the horse racing associated with the fair took place “at the old Chas. Woods racetrack in the block now bounded by Marsh and Higuera Streets and Essex and Johnson streets, where Chas. Woods had a half mile track. At that time E.W. Steele of Corral de Piedra rancho [the newly elected president of the District 16 Agricultural Association] offered prizes for the first [District] fair ever held in the county…” (San Luis Obispo Semi-Weekly Tribune, July 14, 1916, p. 1) (Figure 15). It is important to state, however, that the 1916 newspaper article is at odds with numerous contemporary newspaper articles published not only in the local San Luis Obispo press but also in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Sacramento newspapers, attesting to the many steps taken in the process of securing a permanent racetrack for San Luis Obispo. The half-mile track owned by Charles Woods is far more likely to have been one of several locations being considered by the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association’s board of directors in mid-1887. Another serious contender—along with those (cited above) in Arroyo Grande, on Rancho Corral de Piedra, on “Grant’s land,” or “Orcutt’s place”—was a tract of land south of town owned by Frank McCoppin. McCoppin, an Irish immigrant, had first made a name for himself in San Francisco. In the 1860s he served on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors before being elected mayor. In the 1880s, while a resident of San Luis Obispo County, he was elected to serve two terms in the State Senate. Locally, he was a stock-breeder, served on the board of the Horticultural Commission in 1883–1884, and owned more than 400 acres of farmland to the northwest of town, as well as another tract formerly owned by the Vachell brothers (near present-day Vachell Lane). The latter property, located adjacent to the Pacific Coast Railway line, was the “McCoppin tract” under consideration for a racetrack. Local newspapers assiduously covered the on-again, off-again acquisition of the property: McCoppin Tract Proposed—Fair Association--Grounds for the Race Track Selected The Society to Purchase Fifty-eight Acres of the McCoppin Tract—Running and Trotting Purses, Etc. Attachment 1 Packet Page 36 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 17 Figure 15. Location of Charles Woods’s 0.5-mile racetrack, superimposed on Block 9 of Map of the Central Addition to the City of San Luis Obispo, surveyed by E. Y. Buchanan in June 1887. The city streetcar line ran along one side of the block (San Luis Obispo County Maps Book A, p. 55). The Board of Directors of District No. 16 met in the Board of Trade rooms Saturday, at 10 a.m. August 13th. Present, E. W. Steele, Chairman; P. W. Murphy, L. M. Warden, J. H. Orcutt, George Van Gordon, Coffee Rice and J. V. Webster. Minutes of previous meetings were read and approved. The Committee on Grounds made a partial report, and further statements and recommendations in reference to suitable grounds were postponed till the arrival of Mr. Brown, whose opinion was desired in the matter. Mr. Brown materialized and E. W. Steele made a proposition agreeing to erect fifteen box stalls at the Donahue track and place them at the disposal of the Association during the fair, and agreeing to keep the track well watered and in good condition. Attachment 1 Packet Page 37 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 18 After a lengthy discussion it was decided to resolve the meeting into a committee if the whole to inspect the grounds of Mr. McCoppin. The Directors reassembled at 2 p.m. A motion was carried that E. W. Steele, L. M. Warden, J. H. Orcutt, George Van Gordon and Coffee Rice be appointed a committee with full power to act to employ a surveyor to locate a track, to obtain the value of the land and the costs of the erection thereon of such buildings as are necessary, and make such other improvements as may be deemed expedient for a temporary or permanent location. It was ordered that should investigation satisfy the committee that suitable arrangements could not be made at Mr. McCoppin’s, that said committee be authorized and empowered to make such other arrangements as may be found proper and practicable…. The reading of the minutes was dispensed with and the Directors repaired to the site of the proposed location of the tract, accompanied by Mr. McCoppin, who offered to sell the Agricultural association any amount of land at the rate of $150 an acre. If sixty acres are purchased he will subscribe for $1,000 worth of stock, and will take one-half of balance in cash and the other half in one year from date of said purchase, with interest at 7 per cent. On the deferred payment. He further agreed to give the right of way, according to the Forman survey (Foreman 1876, Harford & Chapman’s Subdivision), along the south side of lots 17 and 26, and will pay half the expense incurred in sinking an artesian well, the well to be located on the ridge and the flowing water to be divided. This committee recommended the purchase of fifty-eight acres, providing the amount necessary can be raised by stock subscription, and if the amount cannot be raised, the committee were instructed to lease the property for a term of years at an equitable rate if such an agreement would be acceptable (San Luis Obispo Weekly Tribune, August 19, 1887, p. 3). Agricultural Park A number of the Directors of the San Luis Obispo Agricultural Park Association met yesterday at the Board of Trade rooms. There were present L. M. Warden, Truman Andrews, Ernest Graves and E. B. Morriss. L. M. Warden was chosen temporary Chairman and C.O. Cummings temporary Secretary. The resignation of Dr. Cox [a Methodist minister] as Secretary was received. A system of by-laws was adopted. It was decided to purchase fifty-eight acres off Frank McCoppin for a race track and exhibition ground at the rate of $250 an acre. The contract has been made to construct a race course and dig and curb a well …. This does not include fencing the course. The amount subscribed for stock in the Association aggregates $12,800, the principal subscribers being: P. W. Murphy, $1,000; Frank McCoppin, $1,000; E. W. Steele, $1,000; Geo. Steele, $500; George Hearst, by George Van Gordon, $500; Goldtree Bros., $500; A. Blochman & Co., $500; E. H. Crawford, $100, and others. At a meeting this afternoon it appeared probable that the above purchase would be rescinded (San Luis Obispo Daily Republic, September 1, 1887, p. 3). The Directors of the San Luis Obispo Park Association concluded not to purchase the McCoppin tract, but have bought 100 acres of the Machado tract one and a half miles south of this city…. The Association will at once commence constructing a race track, erecting necessary buildings and doing other work… (San Luis Obispo Weekly Tribune, September 9, 1887, p. 3). Attachment 1 Packet Page 38 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 19 The Machado Tract In mid-September, with only a month to spare, the task of preparing the newly acquired Machado Tract for the District fair got under way. Again, local newspapers covered the progress of the enterprise, providing several important details about the location, layout, and types of buildings, as well as the racetrack, under construction. Work was commenced yesterday on the grading of the race course on the Machado tract, and also in the building of stables. These determined steps indicate that we are to have a real and thorough fair at last (San Luis Obispo Daily Republic, September 14, 1887, p. 2). The movement for a fair and season of racing in October next is now taking practical shape with a bright promise of success. As previously stated in the Republic the Agricultural Park Association purchased 94 and seven tenths acres of land of Domingo Machado situated about two miles west of this city, paying for the same $200 per acre. Upon this Engineer Buchanan has laid out a mile course, which is now in the course of construction under the direction of H. M. Warden. Buildings for stables, also grand stand, fences, etc., will also be at once erected. This course is of convenient location, lying close to the track of the P.C. Railway which is connected with the street railway on the same gauge, and therefore passengers by the streetcars can ride to and from the center of the city to the Park grounds. A good level road also leads to the course thus affording a pleasant drive. Taking every feature into consideration the selection of this ground for the park appears very fortunate and the best that could have been made. The price $200 an acre, is a wonderful advance over what land was held at a year ago (San Luis Obispo Daily Republic, September 15, 1887, p. 4). Agricultural Park Course (Note the detailed description of the grandstand) In company with H. M. Warden Esq. we made a visit to and examination of the race course made under his supervision for the Agricultural Park Association. The locality is about one and a half miles west of town, south of the Laguna, comprising a tract of ninety-five acres lying between the Los Osos road and the Pacific Coat Railway. The plan of the park is to have an avenue 80 feet wide along the eastern side of the plat leading from the Los Osos road to opposite the grand stand, then turning to the stand with an avenue 100 feet wide. The track one mile in circuit in oval form occupies the western half of the 95 acres, the long axis running northwest and southeast. On the east side are the grand stand, stables, sheds and grounds for horses and cattle. The course has been made perfectly level, requiring two slight cuts of three or four feet, where a small wash of gravel runs across the field, scarcely to be observed in a farm but noticeable when doing particular work. The track will be a good turf soil, and when in order must be regarded as fast. The back stretch affords the finest racing ground, being 1500 feet in length, and the home stretch to past the stand 10000 feet, continuing a few hundred feet straight, and the ends in long regular curves. The grand stand is 36 feet deep by 60 in length with saloon in the northerly end and ladies parlor in the southerly and an open space of 20 feet between. Over these the seats will be erected, rising in the back to give a fine view of the entire course. A hundred yards north of the stand a stable of thirty-two stalls commences, curving with the track, each stall is 12 by 14 feet in dimension, with every convenience required for the purpose. In front of the stable runs a water pipe with numerous hydrants. South of the stand on two sides of a paddock are sheds and stalls for the exhibition of stock at the fair, the cattle sheds being for the Attachment 1 Packet Page 39 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 20 accommodation of about 40 head and as many on the opposite side for horses, with enclosures or pens for sheep, swine, poultry, etc. To these also extends a line of water pipe, with the necessary hydrants. The water supply is from a large tank having 32 feet elevation filled from a well by means of a windmill, the source being abundant, the water good and inexhaustible. The elevation of the tank is such as to send water over the tops of all the buildings and in any quantity desired. The plans of Mr. Warden are comprehensive, showing excellent judgment, fine taste and long-headed calculations for the future. He will plant numerous trees, which in the fertile soil of the tract will grow rapidly, and in a short time a luxurious grove will adorn the grounds, affording shade to stock and shelter from the winds. Am opening will also be made on the side adjoining the railway, so that passengers and freight can be landed at the park at the cheapest rates. The street cars from the city may run to the course during the fair or races, or continually if the park is maintained as a suburban resort. The road leading to the park, as all know, is perfectly level and excellent, affording a pleasant drive, and, combining every thing, it appears that the selection of the grounds was the best that could have been done and the fitting up as near perfect as possible. The tract comprises 95 acres, purchased at a cost of $200 an acre, and the track and improvements will cost about $4,000 more. A portion of the land it is proposed to subdivide into villa lots, which would be very desirable, and undoubtedly profitable to the Association which is now embarrassed with debt, but we would like to see it purchased by the city and improved as a park for public resort (San Luis Obispo Daily Republic, September 29, 1887, p. 2). 1887: First Annual Fair The Sixteenth District Agricultural Association’s “initial effort” was met with glowing reviews from both local and out-of-town newspapers, which carried articles picked up by the California Associated Press: District 16 – The Initial Effort of San Luis Obispo County – The First Annual Fair of the S. L. O. Agricultural Association – A Success – Superb Exhibits, General Co-operation, and Large Fund of Experience Acquired…. The Exhibit At the Fair Grounds the opening day found matters well advanced. The track was in excellent condition for a new one, the grand stand was up and ready for use, although like the judge’s stand it lacked a roof, and there was adequate provision for the stock which was entered. The showing was by no means a meagre one and the quality was of the finest. We will endeavor to make a complete list in our next issue. It is only about three months ago since, as a part of the San Luis Obispo County Agricultural Association, the San Luis Park Association was organized. A month ago this organization purchased 100 acres of land about one and one-fourth miles southwest of this city, and work was at once commenced to prepare a track for the first Fair. So rapidly was the work pushed ahead, that a fine mile track has been made, grand stand, judges stand, stalls, etc., and all necessary arrangements were completed on time, The Fair commenced last Wednesday and where but a short time before was a field devoted to grain, was now a scene of activity and excitement. One hundred vehicles, numerous saddle horses and “citizens on foot” swelled the number present to nearly Attachment 1 Packet Page 40 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 21 1500. The grand stand was well patronized as were the refreshments, saloons and various games… (San Luis Obispo Weekly Tribune, October 4, 1887, p. 1). San Luis Obispo’s First Fair – [Copyright 1887, by the California Associated Press] – San Luis Obispo, October 12 – The first Fair of the San Luis Obispo Agricultural District opened here to-day under the most flattering auspices. The pavilion is crowded with a large assortment of exhibits of the products if the county, and great additions will be made tomorrow. The fair grounds were thronged with visitors this afternoon, and an excellent programme of trotting and running races was carried out. The fair will continue four days (Sacramento Record-Union, October 13, 1887, p. 1). Sport at San Luis – San Luis Obispo, October 13 — First race to-day, free for horses of Santa Barbara, Monterey, and San Luis Obispo counties with a record not better than 2:40, mile heats, three in five, purse $200. Entries, Maud H., Salinas, Eagle, Nettie. Eagle won in three straight heats, Maud H. Second money. Time, 2:42½, 2:44¾, and 2:43 [sic]. County stallion trotting stakes, 2:40 class, three in five. Tamboline and O’Donohue started. Tamboline won the first and second heats, 3:02, 3:04. The third heat O’Donohue won in 2:52. The fourth heat and race Tamboline won in 2:54. An exhibition race was trotted by H. J. Albright’s horse, Fred Arnold, with Van Gordon’s pacer as a running mate. It was the prettiest event of the day. Trotter’s time, 5:37½ (Los Angeles Herald, October 14, 1887, p. 1). In addition to the races held on the fairgrounds, the stalls with prize livestock exhibitions were also popular, with George Van Gordon and E. W. Steele (both on the District board) credited with “superior exhibits of blooded stock.” On October 14, the day that prizes were to be awarded, Steele’s “fine imported Holstein Frisian bull, Anna Dutra, died in his stall at the grounds. He was valued at $1000” (San Francisco Chronicle, October 14, 1887, p. 8). On October 16, 1887, the last day of the fair, the Los Angeles Times reported (p. 4), “It has been a brilliant success. The stock exhibition and parade this morning interested a large crowd.” Unlike the Los Angeles and Sacramento papers, the Pacific Rural Press (November 26, 1887, p. 429) had either sent its own reporter to the San Luis Obispo Fair or had acquired copious notes from one who did. The full report provides substantial detail, especially about the variety of fruits, vegetables, and cereals on exhibit in the temporary pavilion: The Fairs – San Luis Obispo – 16th District The inaugural fair of the 16th District Agricultural Association, held at San Luis Obispo October 12th to 15th, proved one of the most brilliant successes of this singularly successful fair season. The land on which the fair-grounds and track are located had been purchased only a month before, and yet – so wisely and efficiently worked President E.W. Steele and Directors L. M. Warden, P. W. Murphy, and Geo. Van Gordon – all needful structures were finished in time for the exhibition. The display of blooded horses and cattle was extensive, and upheld the reputation for fine stock which this county has for some years past been winning, and the parades and races drew to the park throngs of visitors. Attachment 1 Packet Page 41 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 22 For want of a pavilion, the products of the fields and orchards, domestic manufactures and works of art, were marshaled in Pioneer Hall, which, though by no means small, afforded but about half the space desirable. From all parts of the county came admirable exhibits. That of the Arroyo Grande Agricultural Association occupied nearly all one side of the hall. Mr. Lazcano brought a superb output of peaches, grapes and apples from the San Jose valley. M. Gilbert and F. Riley from Morro, and Mr. Elberg of Los Osos, showed what those sections could do in fine potatoes of enormous size. A. M. Hardie made a splendid showing of fruit and vegetables from the Cayucos country, and the Huer-Huero District was well represented by J. V. Webster. There were peanuts clustered around the roots of plants that had just been pulled from the rich, light soil, grapes and sorghum and sugar cane, flax, millet, vegetables, and fruits until one was constrained to ask if there was any production of the world that would not thrive in San Luis Obispo county. Captain W. D. Haley of Templeton gave the principal address, which was fitting, interesting and appreciated buy his audience. A baby-show and a promenade concert enhanced the enjoyment of the closing day, and the financial outcome matched the other successes achieved. Every one concerned seems complacent, if indeed not elated, and there is serious talk of building a pavilion before another year rolls around. An inspection of the subjoined list of awards will give some notion of the comprehensive richness of the exposition. Awards – Horses Roadsters—Best team, Cleo and Jessie. E. Graves; stallion, Barelas, 4 yrs old or upward, E. B. Ballard; stallion, Al-Allen, J. H. Orcutt. Yearlings, Trotters and Thoroughbreds—1st prize, Elect, E. Cerf; 2d, Dude, and 1st filly, Evelita, Geo. Van Gordon; running yearling, Enterprise, J. Price. All Purpose—Stallion, Crown Prince, 4 yrs old and over, mare, 2 yrs old, sucking colt, E. W. Steele; stallion, Chief, 2 yrs old, T. Andrews; Fanny, 3 yrs old and upward, G. Gates. Geldings—Ned, 3 yrs old and upward, L. M. Warden; 2 yrs old, H. M. Warden. Mares and Colts—Lady Tiffany, 4 yrs old and upward, and colt by Antevolo, Brown & Taylor; Stewart mare, 3 yrs old and Altoona colt; mare 1 year-old, 2 mares and 2 sucking colts, E. W. Steele; mare, 2 yrs old and over, sired by Goldborough, imported from Australia, G. Van Gordon; 4 mares and colts by Gaviota (special), P. W. Murphy; Stallion, Bayard, 3 yrs old, P. Kelly; stallion, DeLesseps (special), J. Wilkinson. Carriage Horses—Span, J. Andrews; single carriage horse, J. E. Mosher. Sweepstakes—Stallion, Altoona and family, G. Steele; stallion, Gaviota with family (special), and stallion, Gaviota, any kind or age, P. W. Murphy; mare, Lady Tiffany, any breed or age, Brown & Taylor; gelding, 3 years old or upward, G. Gates; mare, Princess, with four colts, H. M. Warden; colt, any breed or age, W. H. Taylor. Cattle Holsteins—All (10) awards to E. W. Steele. Attachment 1 Packet Page 42 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 23 Jersey Cow—E. W. Steele. Hereford—All (5) awards to G. Van Gordon, representing Sen. Hearst. Devon Bull—G. Van Gordon. Durham—All (5) awards, H. M. Warden. Poultry There was not a large exhibit of poultry, although there are many fine fowls in the county, and the only award was to Bushnell Hughston for a coop of Langshans. Farm Products Grain, Etc.—Sack barley, W. A. Conrad; sack corn, E. A. Atwood; sack flax, sack hops, collection assorted forage plants, J. V. Webster. Fruits Collection apples, 20 varieties correctly named, W. H. Taylor; collection apples, 12 varieties named, J. F. Beckett; collection, not named, E. Attwood; peaches, Lozcano Bros.; plums, J. Gregory; nectarines, Mrs. E. W. Steele; foreign grapes, W. W. Hays; wine grapes, J. V. Webster; nuts, McD. R. Venable; oranges, E. Leedham; lemons, A. M. Hardie; pears, J. H. Orcutt; quinces, H. J. Price; Japanese persimmons, W. H. Findly; crabapples, J. F. Beckett; blackberries, Mrs. J. V. N. Young; strawberries, G. Jasper; collection various types of fruits, J. P. Andrews; dried apples, apricots, nectarines and peaches, Mrs. E. W. Steele. Garden Products Largest general display fruits and vegetables, Arroyo Grande Agricultural Association; Chili Garnet potatoes, Oregon Blue potatoes, Burbank potatoes, M. Gilbert; Peerless potatoes (40 making 100-lb sack), M. Elberg; sweet potatoes, carrots, onions (different varieties), cabbage, J. V. N. Young; white beans, O. Root; pink beans, J. G. Stevenson; watermelons, Mrs. Lowther; black Spanish melons, F. Melton; Hubbard squash, Butman squash, cocoanut [sic] squash, S. M. Findley; Kershaw squash, J. V. Webster; Crookneck squash, C. Greib; Yokohama squash, Chili Monarch peas, J. Gregory; six squah, total weight 1124 lbs, one squash, weight 216 lbs, China winter radish, T. B. Records; pumpkins, cucumbers, G. O. Taylor; cauliflower, A. B. Hasbrouck; Danvers onions, W. E. Ahalt; Spanish radish, J. McGlashen; Rutabaga turnips, beets, J. D. Roberts; red peppers, G. Jasper; peas, J. G. Stevenson; tomatoes, Mrs. Huyck. Plants and Flowers Hot-house plants, Mrs. Robbins; cut roses and dahlias, Mrs. R. E. Jack; fuchsias, Miss Bouldin; lilies, Mrs. Orcutt; leaf plants, Mrs. Bromley; hand bouquet, Mrs. Sinsheimer; parlor bouquet, Miss Leland; vase bouquet, Mrs. Spencer; ornamental evergreens, Mrs. Hogan. Attachment 1 Packet Page 43 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 24 Miscellaneous Cheese, E. W. Steele; butter, Mr. Wilhoit; hams, bacon and lard, S.L.O. Packing Co.; pickled olives, D. F. Newsom; raw silk and silk cloth, Mrs. Spurgeon. Worthy of Special Mention—Three squash, O. Root; one watermelon, 44 lbs, Mrs. R. S. Brown; cucumbers, R. Farmer; carrots, stock beets and table beets, A. M. Hardie; variety peppers, J. V. N. Young; tomatoes, G. Jasper; cabbage and cauliflower, Jno. Edgar; Keashan squash, J. G. Stevenson; one squash, 190 lbs, carrots, R. Farmer; sunflower, 17 inches in diameter, H. Olmstead; White Elephant potatoes, Jno. Enos; Charal oak potatoes, E. Leedham; Peerless potatoes, E. Jaspers; rhubarb and celery, G. Jasper. 1888: The Pavilion As important as a suitable racetrack was to the fair, it was not the only topic under discussion. Also to be decided was the acquisition of a large exhibition hall—a pavilion—where the county’s agricultural products and home goods could be properly displayed. In July 1888, the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association leased a large San Luis Obispo town lot, owned by the county, at the corner of Monterey and Toro streets. The twenty-year lease required only a token rental of $1 per year. The terms of the lease stipulated that a pavilion was to be erected on the lot and that the building “should be used by the association for no other purposes than for holding fairs and other meetings in the interest of agriculture.” The pavilion was built for $17,000, with funding from a mixture of loans and private subscriptions (San Luis Obispo Tribune Semi-Weekly, July 14, 1916, p. 1) (Figure 16). Figure 16. San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Pavilion, built at the corner of Monterey and Toro in 1888 (Source: The History Center of San Luis Obispo County). 1888: Second Annual Fair The “new and spacious pavilion” just completed in downtown San Luis Obispo welcomed fairgoers of 1888 with “magnificent agricultural, mechanical and art exhibits” (San Bernardino Daily Courier, September 20, 1888, p. 1). The Pacific Rural Press (November 17, 1888, p. 423) also commented, “The building lately put up for fair purposes at San Luis Obispo, at a cost of about $12,000, is considered by Hon. J. V. Webster [of the Huer-Huero region] the best-arranged and most commodious pavilion in the state, outside of San Francisco and Sacramento.” Attachment 1 Packet Page 44 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 25 Among the exhibits listed for the first time were wool; pampas grass plumes; butter; honey; almonds, walnuts, and chestnuts; cherries, prunes, currants, and figs; sweet corn, parsnips, green beans, and leeks; and sugar beets. Livestock exhibited at the fairgrounds south of town near the racetrack included the following: Live-Stock—Horses Thoroughbred—Best stallion, Enterprise, E. Price; best mare, Paloma, Geo. Van Gordon; 2d do. [ditto], Hit or Miss, E. Price. Standard—Best stallion, Duke McClelland, W. H. Taylor; 2d do., Altoona, Geo. Steele. Roadsters—best stallion, Browns’ Monroe S; 2d do., Claremont, G. Van Gordon; 1st stallion I yr, Anteal, Brown & Taylor; 2d do., Dodger, H. G. Petty; best mare, Helvetia, A. Tognazzini; 2d do., Gold Dust, J. H. Orcutt; mare, 3 yrs, Daisy M; mare, 2 yrs, Nellie T.; yearling, female, Carrie, C.R. Callender; 2d do., Percy C., same; sucking colt, P. Edgar; 1st span matched horses, H. M. Warden; 2d do., J. G. Pennington; 1st single roadster, Duke, Jr., N. H. Fitzwater; 2d do., Flora D., R. S. Brown; best stallion & family, Altoona, Geo. Steele. Draft—Best stallion, 3 yrs, Brutus, G. M. Frink; 2d do., Bayard, P. Kelly; stallion, 2 yrs, Cognac, C. A. Rice; sucking colt & 1st mare, E. W. Steele; 2d mare & sucking foal, J. Clausen. Carriage—Best team, H. M. Warden; 2d do., R. M. Shackleford; single horse, John Scott. All Purposes—Best stallion, Young America, R. M. Shackelford; 2d do., Donahue; stallion, 2 yrs, California Chief; mare, 2 yrs, Jennie T.; mare, 1 yr, H. J. Jasperson; stallion & family, Dante, C. R. Callender. Saddle Horse—Hillside, H. M. Warden. Cattle Holstein bull, cows and herd, and Jersey cow, all to E. W. Steele. Poultry Wyandottes—Jos. Welch. Attachment 1 Packet Page 45 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 26 Figure 17. The Pacific Coast Steamship Company advertised excursion rates to the 1888 San Luis District Fair from both Los Angeles and San Francisco (Source: Los Angeles Times, September 12, 1888, p. 7; Santa Cruz Sentinel, September 16, 1888, p. 2). 1889: Third Annual Fair The third annual fair opened on a somber note when one of the jockeys (Edward Collyer of Santa Rosa, riding Pirate, from Salinas) was seriously injured in a riding accident. The horse left the track and tried to jump a wire fence, but became entangled and fell on the rider, fracturing his skull. At the time, he was not expected to live, but a later report was more optimistic about his recovery (Sacramento Record-Union, September 25, 1889, p. 1). “The second days’ races here were largely attended and afforded good sport. There were three trotting and bicycle races (Sacramento Record-Union, September 26, 1889, p. 1). San Luis Fair – A Good Display at the Pavilion and a Large Attendance – San Luis Obispo, September 27 – The fair of Agricultural Association No. 16 is highly successful. The pavilion is crowded with the usual array of vegetables and cereals and a great variety of fruit, and is jammed with visitors from all parts of the county. The races draw large crowds, although only local horses participated (San Francisco Chronicle, September 28, 1889, p. 6). Ruled Off the Track. San Luis Obispo, October 1st.—At a meeting the Directors of the Agricultural Park Association yesterday suspended George C. Smith and the black mare Topsy for six months from trotting on any course under the National Trotting Association under Rule 43. The reported cause is insubordination at Saturday’s races (Sacramento Record-Union, October 10, 1889, p. 4). Attachment 1 Packet Page 46 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 27 After the fair concluded, the Pacific Rural Press published a full account of that year’s San Luis Obispo’s district fair (October 12, 1889, p. 329), with the following description of the racetrack events and the livestock exhibits: We are indebted to the [San Luis Obispo] Tribune for the voluminous reports from which is condensed the ensuing account of the district fair, held at San Luis Obispo the fourth week in September. The evening of the first day of the week for the Third Annual Fair of the Agricultural Association, No. 16, showed everything at the park in a good state of preparation. Stalls to the number of 163 were filled with horses, while the 39 cattle-stalls were all engaged. When the first race was called there was an attendance which has rarely been equaled in our park. The track was in fine order, the day was delightful. An accident to a young jockey cast a temporary shadow over the pleasures of the day, but when it was understood that he will be all right in due time, the clouds dispersed. The program was an interesting one. The races we have our worth seeing; they are honest and square, and the winner may be expected to be the speediest horse, barring accident and the usual chances of the track. The show of stock at the fair grounds, although small in number, will compare favorably in quality with the same class of cattle in other portions of the Union. E. W. Steele makes a first-class exhibit of Holstein and Jersey cattle, comprising cows, heifers and bulls. The Holstein bull Omaha stands at the head of the herd. Some of the bulls and cows are imported, the balance, excepting four head of grades, are thoroughbred. The calves, three in number, and the one and two-year-olds, show out boldly the many good points required in mile and meat-producing cattle. The Jersey cow and calf that he exhibits are almost perfect. Mr. Steele also exhibits a pair of excellent Norman-Percheron mares. The elder one is a true-blooded Duke de Chartres and the younger is her foal. Bierer Bros. of Templeton made a splendid exhibit of pure Jersey cattle. The bull, Jumbo, six years old, that stands at the head of the herd, is large, well formed, with all the good points requisite, and what is more astonishing, perfectly gentle. Don Pedro, a two-year- old bull, son of Jumbo, to all appearances is a perfect facsimile of his sire. Ben Harrison, a bull calf eight months old, is a beauty and very large for that breed, at his age. Of the cows in the herd, Philadore’s Daughter, seven years old, is a splendid animal. Both her sire and dam were imported. Cream, a three-year-old cow, shows all the extra good points of a No. 1 family cow. Baby Bijou, a two-year-old heifer, is perfect in every point. But the beauty of the herd is Zella, an eight-months-old heifer calf. J. H. Orcutt showed five head of horses, all solid bays – the stallion Alallen and four of his colts – fine animals, of good size and form. Geo. Van Gorden exhibited among other horses, a span of matched sorrel geldings, a very fine carriage team. Allbright’s Norman stallion, Pride, was the only draught stallion on the ground. The sheep interest of the county was represented by one lone sheep and an ordinary sized fleece of wool. Attachment 1 Packet Page 47 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 28 In poultry the show consisted of one coop of fowl – a trio of Cochin China breed, and a few Toulouse geese. 1890: Fourth Annual Fair In February, Governor Waterman appointed J. P. Andrews to the board of directors of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association (Sacramento Record-Union, February 26, 1890, p. 3). At the year’s end, the board submitted their annual report to the State Board of Agriculture (Figures 18 and 19). The itemized list of the District’s expenditures, published in the Transactions of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association for the Year 1890 (California State Agricultural Society 1891:691–693), sheds considerable light on the activities necessary for the operation of the fair, including keeping the racetrack in order, repairing the Pavilion, paying membership dues to the National Trotting Association, as well as insurance and taxes, and paying the laborers, gatekeepers, ticket sellers, and police who worked at the fairgrounds during the event. The report also reveals that, by a very wide margin, the mainstay of the association’s receipts was the $2,250 it received as its share of the State’s biennial allocations to the agricultural associations. The Association clearly paid out more in race winners’ purses than it took in from gate receipts—a situation that did not improve. The entries for “Park rent” in 1889 and “rent of Park” in 1890 indicate that the Directors must have transferred some or all of the assets of the fairgrounds property (to an entity called the Agricultural Park Association) and then rented the Park back during the fair season (this has not yet been verified by a search in county records). Figure 18. Excerpts from Annual Report of the Sixteenth District Board of Directors for 1890. Attachment 1 Packet Page 48 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 29 Figure 19. Excerpts from Annual Report of the Sixteenth District Board of Directors for 1890. 1891: Fifth Annual Fair Newspaper articles published in advance of the fifth annual fair document that adjustments to the management of the fairs were under way. In March 1891 the Santa Maria Times (March 14, 1891, p. 4) printed a letter from E. W. Steele, one of the District directors and a frequent prize winner at the fairs, announcing his intent to promote the dairying interest by offering special new premiums for high-quality butter, and by removing his own herds from the competition: At the coming fair of agricultural district No. 16, to be held on the grounds of the Agricultural Park Association, in the city of San Luis Obispo sometime in September next… I will have milk testers and dairy machinery for the purpose of testing the quality of the milk and making the same into butter from each cow shown upon the grounds and entered for a premium, to determine the quality of butter each cow will make during the three or four available days of the fair, and I hereby personally offer the following: Premiums: To the cow that makes the most butter on the fair grounds in the three or four fair days, under test conditions (time to be hereafter determined) of well worked salted butter, Attachment 1 Packet Page 49 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 30 salted one ounce to the pound of butter, a thoroughbred Holstein bull, two years old or more. Second best cow for butter, same conditions, a thoroughbred and registered Holstein bull six months old or over. The society will probably offer a cash premium for the best butter herd of cows, conditions same, to be announced in due time. I hereby promise not to compete for any of the above premiums or allow my cows to do the same. The Directors of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association also decided not to be a part of the newly organizing Southern California [Horse-Racing] Circuit of agricultural associations. They did not send a delegate to the June 1891 meeting in Los Angeles, attended by representatives from Ventura, Orange, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Los Angeles Counties, as well as by prominent horsemen from southern California. Without San Luis Obispo participation, the delegates assigned the dates August 25–28 for the Sixteenth District fair. They also adopted a cut-off date of August 15 for racing entries. “It was also recommended that the different associations include 2:40, 2:30; 2:25 and free for all trotting classes in their [speed] programmes; also a pacing class. With the exception of Los Angeles, all these events are to be open to the horses owned in the southern counties” (Los Angeles Herald, June 28, 1891, p. 5; San Francisco Chronicle, June 29, 1891, p. 2). The following month, the Los Angeles Herald (July 28, 1891, p. 6) announced that “San Luis Obispo has formed a combination with several other northern counties and will not be in the Southern California circuit this year.” It is likely that the San Luis Obispo District Association objected both to the early fair schedule assigned to it, and also felt that it would not be able to offer the full slate of races specified by the Southern California Circuit. It is interesting to note that, when San Luis Obispo finally held its 1891 fair, it was held in September and not in August. Although races were held, the number of entrants was not large: San Luis Obispo Fair San Luis Obispo, Sept. 27.—The annual fair of the sixteenth agricultural district opened today, with more than the usual display of phenomenal products. The attendance was large. An address by Prof. Wickson, of the State Horticultural society, was made. The races were well contested and drew a large crowd. The 2:40 class, trotted between George Van Gordon’s Elsie, E. W. Steele’s Stella C., and C. Lee’s Sleepy Sam, was won by Elsie. Stella second; best time 2:31. The second race, 2:45 trot, was unfinished. There were four entries, each horse taking a heat (Los Angeles Herald, September 24, 1891, p. 5). The Pacific Rural Press (October 24, 1891, p. 354) again offered its comprehensive coverage of the livestock and produce exhibited at the fair: District Agricultural Fairs. Sixteenth District. The 16th District Agricultural Fair, which was held at San Luis Obispo, opened on Sept. 22 and closed on the 26th. The exhibits in the pavilion were unusually large, and fairly large at the park. The displays showed to the best possible advantage the products of the district. The attendance was large, and all appeared to be well satisfied with the results. The following premiums were awarded: Attachment 1 Packet Page 50 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 31 Horses Thoroughbreds—J.M. Price, best stallion 3 yrs old and upward, with four or more colts; best mare 3 yrs old and upward, Hit or Miss; best sucking colt (White Stocking). Standard (Registered)—J. P. Doyle, best stallion with 4 or more of his get (Monroe). G. C. Vachell, 2d best (Acrobat). P.W. Murphy, best mare 3 yrs old or upward (Lulu). G. C. Vachell, 2d best (Sultan Queen)/ Roadsters—H. M. Warden, best stallion 3 yrs old and upward (Highland). P. O. Connors [sic], 2d best (Parnell). D. D. Roberts, best stallion 2 yrs old (Smoker). E. W. Steele, best stallion, 1 yr old (O. N.); best mare 3 yrs old and upward (Stella C.) James Maddock, 2d best. E. W. Steele, best yearling filly (Blanche L.). N. H. Fitzgerald, 2d best (Alma A). E. W. Steele, best sucking colt. E. Graves, best span of matched roadsters. H. M. Warden. 2d best. Draft Horses—J. N. Watson, best stallion 3 yrs old and upward (Black Hawk). Fruit and Stock Association 2d best (Coleman); best stallion 1 yr old (Alliance). E. W. Steele, best matched draft team (Jerry and Forsting). Carriage Horses—E. Graves, best carriage team (Mac and Lew). H. H. Warden, 2d best (Dixie and Gailon). Horses for all Purposes—George Van Gordon, best stallion three yrs old or upward (J. C. S.). Saddle Horses—George Van Gordon, best horse (Robbery Boy). Jacks and Jennies—S. C. Records, best jack (Clever). Cattle Durhams with Pedigree—Hon. L. M. Warden, best bull 3 yrs old or upwards; best cow 3 yrs old or upwards; 2d best ditto; best heifer over 1 yr and under 3; best calf under 1 yr. Jerseys with Pedigree—J. H. Orcutt, best bull 2 yrs old; best cow 3 yrs old or over; 2d best; best heifer over 1 yr and under 3. Holsteins with Pedigree—E. W. Steele, best bull 3 yrs old or over; best bull 2 yrs old; 2d best; best bull 1 yr old, best cow 8 yrs old or over; 2d best; best heifer over 1 yr and under 3; best calf under 1 yr. Herds of Cattle—H.M. Warden, best Durham herd; E. W. Steele, best Holstein herd; J. H. Orcutt, best Jersey herd. Poultry M.A. Newsome, best display of poultry by one person; R. D. Cruickshank, best White- faced Black Spanish; best Partridge Cochins; M. A. Newsome, best White Leghorns; Frank Canon, best Brown Leghorns; M. A. Newsome, best Plymouth Rocks; J. T. Rodgers, best Houdans; M. A. Newsome, best Wyandottes; Naomi Canon, best Bantams; N. H. Fitzwater, best turkeys; Clyde Williams, best Pekin ducks; Jo Green, best exhibit fancy pigeons; M. A. Newsome, largest turkey. Attachment 1 Packet Page 51 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 32 At the Pavilion in town, among other prize winners, P. H. Dallidet had the “best display of the products of one vineyard,” and the awards committee recommended that the University of California’s agricultural experiment station in Paso Robles be given a gold medal.” The West Coast Land Company also was awarded for the best display of almonds and the best display of dried fruits. 1892: Sixth Annual Fair Although in 1891 the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association had affiliated itself with the Northern California Circuit, by 1892 San Luis Obispo was revisiting the possibility of becoming part of what appears to have been a differently constituted Southern California Circuit. This time, the Sixteenth District was expected to send delegates, along with Tulare, Kern, Santa Barbara, Ventura, San Diego, Orange, San Bernardino, and Los Angeles Counties (Los Angeles Times, March 26, 1892, p. 2). 1893: Seventh Annual Fair The San Luis Obispo fair opens September 26th and continues five days (Santa Maria Times, September 2, 1893, p. 3). Available press coverage on the opening day of the seventh annual fair focuses on the racetrack events, which included five-eighths of a mile events and a trotting race in the 2:40 class (San Francisco Call, September 27, 1893, p. 2). The following day, both the San Francisco Call (September 28, 1893, p. 2) and the San Francisco Chronicle (September 28, 1893, p. 3) summed up the scene at the fairgrounds with identical reports, stating, “Splendid weather, a fine track, a large attendance and good racing marked the second day of the fair.” Of special interest is the comment that the “second race was a non-professional affair,” suggesting that professional drivers were routinely employed in trotting events, just as Edward Collyer (the professional jockey from Santa Rosa injured at the track in 1889) was evidently employed in a running race. 1894: Eighth Annual Fair The San Luis Obispo fair for 1894 opened on September 25 and closed September 29 (Figure 20). Figure 20. Advertisement for upcoming Sixteenth District Agricultural Fair (Santa Maria Times, August 11, 1894, p. 3). Attachment 1 Packet Page 52 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 33 It is unlikely that the eighth annual fair was a joyous occasion, as San Luis Obispo farmers, stock-raisers, and dairymen were suffering through a severe drought. As reported in the Sacramento Record-Union (August 29, 1894, p. 4), San Luis Obispo County sent a representative, Charles O. King, to Sacramento to appear before the State Board of Equalization for tax relief because of widespread crop failures: In addition to the petitions from residents which he presented the day before, and which revealed the state of destitution to which the drought and failure of crops had reduced the farmers, he stated facts that had come under his own notice. He had lived among the people, he said, for years, and as Civil Engineer, Assessor, and manager of an abstract bureau, had become thoroughly conversant with qualities of land, property and property values throughout the county. Templeton, which is the best section for cereals in the county, had last year in warehouses 80,000 sacks of grain. This year there are not more than 10,000 sacks, and in some places farmers did not raise their hay or enough grain for seed. In the county records this year there are 680 pages of chattel mortgages, a thing never known before. A letter from the agent of the Southern Pacific at Paso Robles, states that last year there were 17,000 tons of wheat and 350,000 sacks handled. This year there were 100 sacks. There was a large number of letters to the same effect. Even on the coast the drought affected the farms deeply, and in the most improved sections the situation was much the same. In the vicinity of Creston, in the hill lands, which are regarded as the best for wheat, not a thrashing machine went in this year, and a farmer states that from 800 acres of land he managed to cut twenty-seven tons of hay. All throughout the eastern part of the county the residents have been forced to leave their farms and go elsewhere to seek employment in order to support their families until the rains come and they can go to work once more. In the San Miguel district a frost came in May and totally destroyed the fruit crop. Horses and cattle have no saleable value, and no money can be borrowed. There were 752 tax sales this spring in the county. Not surprisingly, the annual report submitted by the Sixteenth District at the end of 1894 (Figure 21) reflected the county’s economic downturn caused by the drought. Despite advertising “Big Purses, Big Premiums” (Figure 20), receipts at the Park were greatly reduced: the 1890 fair took in $1,308.50; the 1894 fair garnered only $458.75. Once again, only the state’s allocation of $2,250 allowed the association to make the promised payouts. Attachment 1 Packet Page 53 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 34 Figure 21. Receipts and expenditures for the 1894 Sixteenth District Fair (California State Agricultural Society 1895, p. 286). 1895 On January 1, 1895, James Budd was inaugurated Governor of California and immediately ushered in a program of fiscal “retrenchment” in the face of what he viewed as legislative extravagance (Figure 22). Later that month, a new bill proposing a Southern California State Fair was introduced. As proposed, the fair would be an annual event held at the Agricultural Park in Los Angeles; the directors of the new district would be drawn chiefly from Los Angeles (the Sixth District Agricultural Association), but also from San Diego, San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, Kern, Inyo, and other interested counties. The State would not be responsible for funding the prizes and premiums, but the expectation was that “something near $15,000 can be secured . . . This matter of money will be left for the general [State] appropriation bill…” (Los Angeles Herald, January 17, 1895, p. 7). As reported in the Los Angeles Times (January 31, 1895, p. 2), the bill, which further entailed “the abolition of the existing system of district fairs,” was presented to the Assembly Committee on Agriculture: Attachment 1 Packet Page 54 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 35 It was tacitly agreed to report a bill providing for the holding of two or three State fairs at central points in the State, and to cut off the all State appropriation for the numerous district fairs. It was agreed, however, that the agricultural districts should remain at present, but without State appropriations, and that it should be left to the various county boards of Supervisors to determine whether such district fairs should be given financial help. Figure 22. The Assembly votes to end State appropriations for District Fairs (San Francisco Call, February 15, 1895, p. 2). The bill immediately became a political football, in which the appropriation for the State Fair in Sacramento became pivotal. Proponents of the district fairs denounced any attempt to defund them as selfish, and that it was “a poor policy to take from the farmer his only appropriation . . . If you deny this money the only direct effect the farmer will feel will be the loss of his fair.” An opponent made the rejoinder, “Rather than have this curse of district fairs brought on this State…I will vote for no appropriation at all” (San Francisco Call, February 15, 1895, p. 2). One telling comment came from Assemblyman Dodge of Alameda County, who “asserted that in fact the fairs were simply in the interest of the racehorse men and racetrack gamblers” (Los Angeles Times, February 13, 1895, p. 2. Although the Assembly voted to discontinue funding for the district fairs, the Senate voted 27 to 6 to retain it, without reductions in the allocations (Los Angeles Times, March 1, 1895, p. 2; Sacramento Record-Union, March 2, 1895, p. 5). Despite the headline that appeared in the Sacramento Record-Union on March 6, 1895 (p. 5), “The State and District Fairs Are All Right,” they were not—Governor Budd vetoed the bill. The Santa Cruz Sentinel (July 1, 1895, p.2) sarcastically observed, even though the Governor had vetoed the district fair allocations, “he signed a bill allowing an expenditure of $20,000 per annum for the State Fair, which should be named the Sacramento Fair, because it is of trifling interest beyond the outer lines of Sacramento County.” San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association did not file an annual report for the Year 1895 to the State Board of Agriculture. The Transactions of the California State Agricultural Society During the Year 1895 (California State Agricultural Society 1896) included reports from the following districts: Attachment 1 Packet Page 55 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 36 • District 2 (San Joaquin County): held a successful fair that included horse racing • District 6 (Los Angeles County): held a successful fair that included horse racing • District 18 (Alpine, Inyo, and Mono Counties): held a fair; no track events • District 19 (Santa Barbara County): “No fair was held this year, on account of loss of our Pavilion by fire, the general depression in all classes of business, and the lack of State appropriation” • District 31 (Ventura County): held a fair with track events; no Pavilion No further Transactions were published until 1900. 1896 For the rest of the nineteenth century, district fairs were successful only insofar as they could be funded as county fairs or by some other means. A San Francisco Call editorial (January 6, 1896, p. 6) summed up their view of the financial realities: The district fairs, which until last year received state aid…have been having such troubles lately as will likely lead to their complete abandonment. State appropriations are always uncertain quantities, and dependence upon State assistance operates to the production of a laggard home interest. The only sensible way in which fair associations can be handled is as private enterprises, preferably as corporations like the San Francisco and Oakland concerns, in which the small price of shares serves as an inducement for popular investment and a widely distributed interest in the success of the enterprise Governor Budd, having secured funding for the State Fair in Sacramento, was amenable to the concept of two or three regional fairs rather than numerous district fairs. He believed, however, that the entire system of agricultural fairs, including the State Fair itself, needed to be reorganized. The Sacramento Record- Union (February 18, 1896, p. 2) provided an overview of his approach: The State Fair. Governor Budd’s Ideas of that and District Fairs. Governor Budd is opposed to making any appropriation for the State Fair as it is conducted at present. He believes that horseracing can take care of itself, and that attention should be given to the agricultural, viticultural, and horticultural interests of the State, and efforts made to foster and encourage them. He believes also that this can easily be done under proper laws and intimates that a bill reorganizing the whole system would be favorably considered by him. 1897 In 1897 the whole purpose of district fairs seemed to be undergoing reconsideration. Governor Budd continued to adhere to his belief that the system required reorganization (San Francisco Call, January 6, 1897, p. 3). Horseracing as a standard feature of fairs was increasingly criticized. As the state’s latest appropriation bill was debated, fiscal conservatism at times became intertwined with moral outrage on one hand, and the equally persuasive argument that the expenditures were not only wasteful but pointless. As reported by the San Francisco Call (February 24, 1897, p.3), Assemblyman Melick of Los Angeles “thought that at this time, when the people were crying out for actual economy, to appropriate such a large sum of money for such purposes among the different counties was an extravagance that should be stopped. District fairs were productive of no good. ‘In Los Angeles County,’ he continued, ‘we know that Attachment 1 Packet Page 56 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 37 we can raise better products than in any other part of the world, and we don’t need to bring them together.’” Stanford Professor of Horticulture Emory E. Smith agreed that the fairs had been derailed by horse racing: State and district fairs should be restricted to their original purpose—the stimulation of local production. Horse racing for money and gambling of all kinds should be absolutely forbidden. This would remove the crowds of thugs and gamblers which at present are such a prominent feature of these occasions. The producers of the district and the bona fide investigators would show an increased interest and would reap the benefit of the money spent in their behalf. If the fairs are not a success without horse racing for money and gambling of various sorts, close them up and appropriate the public funds for some more useful purpose (Los Angeles Times, April 3, 1897, p. 11). Governor Budd vetoed appropriations for district fairs again in 1897. The response to this trending lack of state support for district fairs showed the different values attached to them. In late April 1897, “representatives of the principal district fair associations met at the office of the Pacific Coast Trotting Horse Breeders’ Association to arrange a circuit for the summer and fall seasons. The convention was called at the request of several district associations which had become discouraged at the failure of the Governor to approve appropriations made by the last Legislature…” (Los Angeles Times, April 28, 1897, p. 2). The San Francisco Call (May 10, 1897, p. 4) seemed to issue a public challenge: County Fairs. Since Governor Budd went to the pains of denying the proposed appropriation for county fairs in 1897, which was to be paid out of the State treasury according to a long established annual custom, there has arisen in certain counties a conviction deep and abiding that an omission of the district fairs this particular year would be in the nature of a national calamity. It may never before have occurred to them how absolutely indispensable those institutions are, but the gubernatorial edict against them immediately made prominent the fact that district fairs are as necessary as the very sir we breathe. Nothing can deter these certain counties from holding fairs this season. They will hold them even though they have to defray the expenses out of their own pockets or by county appropriations. Movements are afoot in several districts throughout the State to this end, and already they can walk alone. They are likely to be better fairs than have been held in the same places for many years, in view of the accentuated value which an attempted abolition of them has caused them to assume. Local pride, reaching clear to the pockets of the patriots professing it, will have an added effect. People will take more interest in the quality of the things which they buy themselves. The county fairs held in California in 1897 will undoubtedly be splendid successes, and the circumstances that the custom is to be carried on, despite the loss of State appropriations, argues that the country people have all the time been sincere in their enjoyment of its advantages, and that they have the right kind of appreciation of it when they are willing to pursue it on their own hook and at their own expense. Attachment 1 Packet Page 57 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 38 1898 In August 1898, in opposition to Governor Budd (a Democrat), the Republican Party specifically included “aid for district fairs” in its party platform for the 1899 gubernatorial election, stating: “We believe that a judicious appropriation should be made and maintained whereby the State and district fairs shall be properly aided, and thus awaken a new interest in agricultural, horticultural, and stock-breeding pursuits” (San Francisco Chronicle, August 25, 1898, p. 5). One surprising aspect of the defunding of the fairs is the fact that the state’s district agricultural associations persisted; that is, they retained validity as legal entities recognized by the state government. In December 1898, Governor Budd appointed several new directors, at their own request, for the board of directors of Agricultural District No. 18, which included Alpine, Inyo, and Mono Counties. The Sacramento Record-Union reported (December 11, 1898, p. 4): “When in 1897 no appropriations for district fairs were made, the appointment of Directors in many districts was allowed to lapse. The Eighteenth District, however, at a mass meeting called for the purpose, appointed Directors of its own, and proceeded to hold its fairs, securing by subscription, entries, etc., nearly $2,000. The fair was a success, hence the petition to the Governor to make appointments which had been allowed to lapse.” 1899: Ninth Fair In San Luis Obispo, the racing at the Sixteenth District track was drawing to a close. Benjamin Sinsheimer, former secretary of the local Agricultural Park Association that had owned the racetrack property since at least 1889, gave an interview to a local paper, explaining the fiscal realities of the track’s decline. The Race Track—About to be Converted into a Grain Field—Should be Kept in Form for the Fair this Fall—One of the Owners Explains It has been reported to this paper that the San Luis Obispo race track, belonging to the Parks Association, is being plowed up and made ready for the planting of a crop of barley. It’s all right that there should be a large acreage of barley sown this year, for there are going to be fine crops, but the race track should be reserved for the races at the Agricultural Fair we are going to have this fall. There seems to be little doubt that the Legislature will revive the agricultural fairs, at the present session, and San Luis Obispo will want one this fall. The race track will need to be in good form at that time. A well- known horseman said today: “The track has all been plowed up, but if they were to stop where they are, we could get the course back down into condition by fair time, although it would even with our best efforts be slow this year. However, if they go ahead and plant grain there this year, it could not be placed in condition for races by this fall. “For two or three years, when there has been no chance for a fair, they have left the track undisturbed, but now that we are sure to get an appropriation, they want to ruin the race course” [emphasis added]. Mr. Ben Sinsheimer, who was secretary of the old Park Association, was interviewed at his story this afternoon. He says there is reason to plow up the track. “You see, the Park Association does not now exist,” said Mr. Sinsheimer. “Stockholders would not pay up their assessments, and so those of us who had all the money in it had to take it. The Association is dead, and the owners of the property now are Messrs. Warden, Murphy, the two Steeles and myself. The track has been standing there of no use to us or to anybody, and so it was decided to utilize the ground.” Attachment 1 Packet Page 58 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 39 “But in what condition will the track be for the races this fall if we get an appropriation for a fair?” was asked. “Well, the fair is a very uncertain matter, and if we find that we are to have one, the grain can be cut for hay, and the track can be gotten into condition, I think. The present owners would be glad to sell the park, especially to some one who wants to have a fair there. If we have a fair, the track will be there in condition” (San Luis Semi-Weekly Breeze, January 20, 1899, p. 2). San Luis Obispo was able to host two final seasons of races on what is now the San Luis Ranch property. In July 1899, the Directors of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association elected new officers and directors and advertised the races scheduled for the coming event (Pacific Rural Press, July 1, 1899, p. 7; Santa Maria Times, July 22, 1899, p. 2) (Figure 23). Figure 23. Advertisement for the 1899 fair and races. Smith Shaw is named as president of the Sixteenth Agricultural Association (Source: Santa Maria Times, August 19, 1899, p. 3). On August 19, 1899, the track was sold at auction “to satisfy a mortgage held against the Park Association” (Sacramento Daily Union, August 22, 1899, p. 8; San Luis Obispo Weekly-Breeze, August 25, 1899, p. 4). The new owner, former state senator and current judge George Steele of Edna (headquarters of the Steele family’s Corral de Piedra Ranch), had been on the board of the Park Association and was one of the principal stockholders. Steele successfully bid $10,000, against one other bidder. The San Luis Obispo Semi-Weekly Breeze reported that the track would “continue to be used for racing purposes.” Attachment 1 Packet Page 59 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 40 1900: The Last Horse Racing on the San Luis Obispo Fair Grounds George Steele must have quickly sold off the property he had acquired. In January 1900, the San Luis Obispo Weekly-Breeze (January 2, 1900, p. 1) reported that Smith Shaw, as President of the Sixteenth Agricultural Association, had “leased from George W. Long the racetrack property, for the County Fair next fall. The Association agrees to pay $100 for the use of the property, the lease to expire when the races close.” The final races on the San Luis Ranch property were held in September 1900. The Santa Maria Times (August 11, 1900, p. 3) announced that the fair would open on September 26 and continue for 4 days, with the directors of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association “sparing no pains to make the fair a success in every way.” At the end of the season, the end had come: Good Bye to the Race Track -- William Wood, Who Recently Purchased the Property, is Making a Farm of it. William Wood, who recently purchased the race track property, is busily engaged in converting the grand stand into a residence. Mr. Wood is not yet decided whether to destroy the track and make a grain field of it or maintain it as a racing course. The track will probably be a thing of the past in a short time for Mr. Woods is a farmer and thinks that more can be made by sowing the race course than in any other way. The passing of the old track, which has been the scene of many exciting events in the past, will cause sorrow to many sports and compel them to look elsewhere for a site for a race track. It is doubtful if as good a place can be found near San Luis Obispo (San Luis Obispo Semi-Weekly Breeze, November 9, 1900, p. 2). William Otterbein “Parson” Wood (1826–1905) William Otterbein Wood was born in Scioto County, Ohio, in 1826. He came to California in 1849, where he remained until 1852. He moved back east to Illinois in 1852, where he remained until 1868, when he returned to California. In 1871 he moved to Ventura County, where, in addition to farming, he founded and was pastor of the first Baptist church established in the county (he was known locally as “Parson” Wood). In 1891, the San Francisco Call (July 4, 1891, p. 6), quoting the Ventura Free-Press, noted that Wood was farming 620 acres in Springvale, Ventura County, including 360 acres in barley and 125 acres in beans. As a prosperous Ventura County farmer, he gradually acquired additional property until, as reported in the Oxnard Courier in 1903 (May 2, p. 9), he had “2000 acres of land devoted to [sugar] beets, beans and grain,” along with 300 head of cattle. At his death in 1905, his estate was valued at $350,000 (Oxnard Courier, September 1, 1905, p. 5). In 1900, the year he purchased the racetrack property in San Luis Obispo, W. O. Wood was a 73-year-old widower who was still a farmer and still a Baptist pastor. Given his past success with farming barley and beans in Ventura County, it was not surprising that he selected the former Machado Tract in San Luis Obispo, where Florian Garcia Terra and Domingo Machado had successfully produced both these crops in the 1880s. His eldest son, William Forrest Wood, also a farmer, is likely to have moved to San Luis Obispo with his family in 1900, to live on the property and conduct the farming operations. They were also active in the local Baptist church. Attachment 1 Packet Page 60 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 41 Quoting the San Luis Obispo Telegram, the Oxnard Courier reported in 1909 (October 15, p. 7), that the Wood family was moving from San Luis Obispo to Glendale, although the “local Wood ranch, near the race track, will continue to be farmed by Mr. Wood . . . and from time to time the family will be in San Luis Obispo on business and pleasure.” The article also noted that “Mr. Wood’s extensive interests” were largely in southern California, including “large tracts of the famous bean lands” in the Oxnard Plain. Although purely speculation, the Wood family’s strong financial interests in farming and their strong support of the Baptist church probably combined to end any possibility of continuing horse racing on the San Luis Ranch property. In this regard, it is interesting that W. F. Wood, on his departure for Glendale, commented, “I have great faith in San Luis Obispo, and am sorry to be called away at this time when the outlook for moral and business advancement is so bright.” The Oxnard Courier remarked, “The Baptist Church will especially miss Mr. and Mrs. Woods, as they have been true pillars of strength to Rev. Holman B. Turner and his people.” 1901: The Sixteenth District Fair in the Twentieth Century In March 1901, the state appropriation for the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association fair was increased from $1,400 to $1,750 (Amador Ledger, March 29, 1901, p. 1), and the San Luis Obispo Tribune (April 25, 1901, p. 4) began agitating for a new racetrack location: What About a Fair? It will soon be time for the holding of the county fair and one of the things to be considered is the securing of a race track for the races. Some rustling must be done at once. Although the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association secured a new location for the 1901 fair in Paso Robles, there is no indication that horse racing was included either that year or subsequently. Agricultural and livestock exhibits dominated the press coverage (Figure 24). Figure 24. The Sixteenth District Fair moves to Paso Robles (Los Angeles Herald, September 29, 1901, p. 12). San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association County Fair, held in Arroyo Grande in the fall of 1909, received $1,000 in funding from the County Board of Supervisors. The following year, the association’s directors were reportedly “getting everything in shape for a good exhibit to be held at San Luis Obispo from October 19 to 22, inclusive. It is expected that the fine agricultural exhibit of Luther Attachment 1 Packet Page 61 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 42 Burbank, which was shown at Stockton this week, will be seen there” (Pacific Rural Press, October 1, 1910, p. 271). Paso Robles appears to have hosted several Sixteenth District Agricultural Fairs in the 1910s, as suggested by the comment, reported in 1920, “Paso Robles has held several successful fairs in years gone by” (Santa Maria Times, August 30, 1920, p. 4). By 1920, when the program was announced for the September 15–19 Paso Robles District Fair and Almond Show, there is clear evidence that the fairs were centered on agricultural, horticultural, livestock, and industrial (i.e., farm equipment such as tractors) exhibits, but were beginning to also feature “a varied amusement program” that included “about all things one might expect to find at any well-regulated [emphasis added] fair,” which was a coded way of stating: No horse-racing or gambling (Santa Maria Times, August 30, 1920, p. 4). In 1920, Paso Robles again hosted the Sixteenth District Fair (Figure 25). Figure 25. The 1920 Paso Robles District Fair and Almond Show promised a “well-regulated fair,” including exhibits of new farm equipment (Santa Maria Times, August 30, 1920, p. 4). Attachment 1 Packet Page 62 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 43 Documents from the Fairs Collection (Record Group II: Division of Fairs and Expositions) in Cal Poly’s Special Collections, reveal the absence of state funding for San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association from at least 1921 through at least 1943. By 1910, state funding for fairs favored the Los Angeles Exposition hosted by that county’s Sixth District Agricultural Association, and by 1921 the state appears to have switched to an aggregate appropriation for the “encouragement of County Agricultural Fairs” (Fairs Collection, Record Group II: Division of Fairs and Expositions, Allotments to the State District, County, and Citrus Fairs for Capital Outlay, 1937–1954, folder 8). This aggregate biennial allocation started out at $50,000 in 1921, rose to $100,000 in the 1923 and 1925 funding cycles, slipped to $70,000 in 1927, then to $60,000 in 1929 and 1931 before ceasing altogether in 1933. Of the allocated capital funding, San Luis Obispo’s County Farm Bureau Fair received $867.45 in 1923 and $240.75 in 1924. The San Luis Obispo Fair Association—which was a separate entity from the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association—is documented as paying out $372.00 in premiums (i.e., as prizes for exhibits) in 1926; receiving $94.50 in state funding and paying out $1137.50 in premiums in 1927; and receiving an allocation of $298.16 in 1928. It appears likely, therefore, that both the 1927 “San Luis Obispo Fair” at Paso Robles (Santa Cruz Evening News, August 26, 1927, p. 6) and the 1928 “San Luis Obispo County Fair” held in San Luis Obispo August 23–25 were sponsored by the San Luis Obispo Fair Association, rather than the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association. Reviewed by the Los Angeles Times (September 9, 1928, Farm and Orchard Section, p. 12): . . . the San Luis Obispo County Fair . . . was “old-fashioned” in every sense of the word. Agriculture was its keynote, commercial and industrial featured playing but a small part alongside the showing of farm products and the rural side being emphasized in every detail. It was like old-times, too, the way the farmers swarmed to the exhibit. San Luis Obispo county is strong in Farm Bureau centers and every locality was represented by complete and extensive displays of its particular products. No further allocations to the Fair Association were made between 1929 and 1936, no doubt because of the Great Depression. Despite receiving no funding from the state, San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association (like other district associations) remained on the books. During World War II, most of the fairs had suspended operations, and the wartime curtailment of pari-mutuel betting at horse races had eliminated state aid to fairs (Santa Cruz Sentinel, January 30, 1943, p. 8). Late in the war, the San Bernardino County Sun (November 26, 1944, p. 2) reported that the State Division of Fairs and Expositions did not expect a “large-scale revival of county and district fairs at least until 1946.” Reorganization of District fairs was tackled in the post-war era. 1946: The College of Fairs and the Sixteenth District Fair In the lead-up to the revival of the Sixteenth District’s fairs, in February 1946 Cal Poly hosted and co- sponsored the first Western Fairs Association College of Fairs (Santa Maria Daily Times and Courier, February 18, 1947, p. 1). The program was designed “to improve efficiency of management during the post war expansion of an industry” (Nevada State Journal, January 30, 1946, p. 9). Sessions covered “every phase of fair operation, management, planning and promotion,” including the necessity of making the fair manager a full-time paid position (Santa Maria Daily Times and Courier, February 18, 1947, p. 1). When the Sixteenth District revived its fair in 1946, it was called the San Luis Obispo County Fair. Documents in the Western Fairs Collection at Cal Poly show that, in 1976, the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association—described on its letterhead as “an Agency of the State of California”—was still in charge of the San Luis Obispo County Fair (Western Fairs Collection, Record Group III [Joint Commission on Fairs Allocation and Classification], Box 43, Folder 29). In 1981, the association announced the rebranding of the fair as the San Luis Obispo County Mid-State Fair (Figure 26). Attachment 1 Packet Page 63 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 44 Figure 26. In 1981, the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Fair was branded the “Mid-State Fair” for the first time (Santa Maria Times, July 27, 1981, p. 18). Racetrack Grandstands as an Architectural Resource Type Racetrack grandstands— which are basically partially enclosed, roofed bleachers—offer a good example of architectural form following function. They are found worldwide and, besides being associated with horse racing, are sometimes seen next to ball fields, but the purpose is the same: to elevate spectators so that they have a clear and unobstructed view of the track or field. The seats (usually benches) are therefore built in banks of stair-stepped levels. Generally there is a broad, side-gabled roof supported on tall (sometimes even spindly) posts or timbers, occasionally braced at the top and perhaps ornamented with scrollwork brackets. The low side walls of the grandstand are constructed with a prominent diagonal line (at a 45-degree angle), and above this line the grandstand may be open to the air, with no enclosure of Attachment 1 Packet Page 64 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 45 any kind. Typically the area underneath the seating is fully enclosed and is used for storage, refreshment stands, or other similar purposes related to spectator comfort; consequently there are often doors and ground-floor windows in the main body of the structure. The vast majority of grandstands are wood- framed with wood siding, but dressed stone, brick, and metal siding are also seen. The antecedents of American grandstands are British, which often bear Victorian architectural flourishes. For the sake of comparison, Appendix A presents a variety of grandstands from other American states and elsewhere in California. San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand Despite a great deal of popular interest in the racetrack and livestock show that accompanied the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association fair, the San Luis Obispo venue was ultimately a financial venture that failed. The local press—along with prominent out-of-town newspapers in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Sacramento—provided ample publicity, and local boosters did their best to promote it. The fairs appear to have been well attended, with exhibitors and visitors from all around the county and beyond. The Pacific Coast Steamship Company and the Pacific Coast Railway did their bit to transport eager fair-goers to the racetrack. The District Association directors, who were also prominent landowners, horse breeders, stock raisers, and horticulturalists, were hoping to make a go of it, but were practical businessmen when hard decisions had to be made. After 1900 the fair location migrated back and forth to Paso Robles, Arroyo Grande, and back to San Luis Obispo before finally acquiring a permanent home in Paso Robles in 1946. From 1887 through to the present day, the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association has been the umbrella agency for the county fair. Its present iteration began in 1946, when it was billed as the San Luis Obispo County Fair. As the Mid-State Fair, the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association continues to open its gates and welcome new generations of locals and out-of-town visitors to brave the sweltering summer days and enjoy the long summer evenings for a few fleeting days each July. Figures 27–29 are photos of the current state of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, taken by SWCA Senior Architectural Historian Ms. Carr on July 13, 2018, and Figure 30 is a photo of Residence #2 from the San Luis Ranch EIR (Section 4.5, Photo 2, Rincon Consultants 2017), which incorporates some drop-siding removed from the grandstand. Attachment 1 Packet Page 65 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 46 Figure 27. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing west. The shed roof additions and the modifications to the southeast elevation are not part of the original grandstand. Figure 28. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing southwest. The drop siding, doorways, paneled door, and windows are all original. Side rooms housed the saloon and the ladies’ rest area. Attachment 1 Packet Page 66 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 47 Figure 29. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing southeast. A pair of hinged doors and a hayfork were installed at the gable peak, and the shed roof addition was constructed when the grandstand was modified for use as a hay barn. The angled window opening shows the original raked incline of the grandstand seating; paired windows below are original. Attachment 1 Packet Page 67 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 48 Figure 30. Residence #2, shown here, incorporates some of the drop-siding removed from the grandstand when it was moved to its present location and converted into a barn. REVISED ELIGIBILITY DETERMINATIONS In November 2016, nine historic-period architectural resources on the San Luis Ranch property were evaluated in connection with the 2017 San Luis Ranch EIR (Bailey et al. 2016; Rincon Consultants 2017). These nine resources included three residences, a main barn, a “spectators’ barn/ viewing stand,” a warehouse, and three sheds. The 2016 evaluation made the following eligibility determinations: • The property and the structures on the property . . . do not demonstrate sufficient historical significance in national, state, or local agricultural development or as a unique property type to warrant listing in the NRHP [National Register of Historic Places]. • The San Luis Ranch Complex is eligible for listing in the CRHR [California Register of Historical Resources] under Criterion 1 for its association with the early agricultural development of San Luis Obispo. The San Luis Ranch property has retained the complex of ranch buildings and cultivated fields for over a century. The property is also representative of an early 20th century farm with its associated buildings, agricultural fields and ancillary structures. The buildings reflect the distinctive characteristics of the early 20th century vernacular agricultural architecture, making the San Luis Ranch Complex also eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3. • The project site is not currently within the City limit. Therefore, neither the project site nor any structures on the site are currently listed as a Historic or Cultural Resource according to the above criteria. However, the San Luis Ranch property Attachment 1 Packet Page 68 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 49 exemplifies an important period of local history, being established as a family farm and developing into a valuable local agribusiness industry. The property is representative of early 20th century agricultural and industrial development. The San Luis Ranch Complex, as well as cultivated fields, has existed on the property for over a century. The San Luis Ranch Complex is a rare remaining and intact example of a farm complex representing the early agricultural history of San Luis Obispo. Therefore, it is eligible for designation . . . as a City of San Luis Obispo historic resource under Criterion A.1 (Style). This San Luis Ranch Mitigation Report has been prepared in partial fulfillment of Mitigation Measure CR-1(b), as the “detailed historic narrative report” and the “compilation of historic research” specified in Section 4.5 (Cultural Resources) of the 2017 San Luis Ranch EIR. Additional information located during the preparation of the mitigation report has made it advisable to revise some of the 2016 eligibility determinations. RESULTS OF ADDITIONAL RESEARCH The Spectators’ Barn/Viewing Stand is the modified but sufficiently intact viewing stand (grandstand) constructed in 1887 as part of the fairgrounds for the first fair held by State of California District Agricultural Association No. 16 in San Luis Obispo County. As a late nineteenth century grandstand, it is a rare surviving example of a scarce building type in California. Locally, it is the oldest surviving building from the earliest days of the county fairs held under the auspices of the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association and the only surviving building that links the first District Fair to the present-day Mid-State Fair. Further, hundreds of board feet of the original drop-siding removed from the southwest elevation of the grandstand (when it was relocated on the parcel in 1900) were used to clad Residence #2; this original material can now be reclaimed from the residence and used to substantially restore the exterior of the viewing stand. The primary significance of the barn/viewing stand does not lie in its role as a contributing resource to the San Luis Ranch Complex, but as an individually eligible resource connected to San Luis Obispo County’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Fair, horse-racing events at the fair, and the subsequent historic development of the San Luis Obispo County Fair, including the Mid-State Fair. Similarly, the primary significance of Residence #1 does not lie in its association with the Dalidio family, who acquired the property in 1920, but with the Wood family (William Otterbein Wood, and his eldest son, William Forrest Wood, and his family). The Wood family acquired the former fairground property in 1900 and built and determined the layout of all of the essential core buildings and structures of the San Luis Ranch Complex: Residence #1 (built and occupied by the Wood family); Residence #2 (built by the Wood family using lumber removed from the grandstand); the barn (built by the Wood family); and the grandstand (moved and repurposed by William Otterbein Wood as a barn). This report therefore makes the following revised eligibility determinations: National Register of Historic Places The following revised determinations are made for NRHP eligibility: • The 1887 grandstand is eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A, at the state level of significance, for its direct connection with the State of California’s District Agricultural Association fairs, inaugurated in 1880, and for its direct connection with the incorporation of horse racing in state Attachment 1 Packet Page 69 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 50 fairs. The persistence of state revenue generated by horse racing, which started with fairs, was expanded in the 1930s through the advent of pari-mutuel betting and continues today in the revenue stream supporting—among other entities—state universities such as Cal Poly. • The 1887 grandstand is also eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C, at the state level of significance, as a rare surviving example of a building type (horse-racing track grandstand) constructed on a fairground under the auspices of the State of California’s system of District Agricultural Associations. California Register of Historical Resources The following revised determinations are made for CRHR eligibility: • The 1887 grandstand appears to meet the eligibility criteria for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 1, at the state level of significance, for its direct connection with the State of California’s District Agricultural Association fairs, inaugurated in 1885, and for its direct connection with the incorporation of horse racing in state fairs. The persistence of state revenue generated by horse racing, which started with fairs, was expanded in the 1930s through the advent of pari-mutuel betting and continues today in the revenue stream supporting state universities such as Cal Poly. • The 1887 grandstand also appears to meet the eligibility criteria for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3, at the state level of significance, as a rare surviving example of a building type (horse-racing track grandstand) constructed on a fairground under the auspices of the State of California’s system of District Agricultural Associations. San Luis Obispo Local Designation The following revisions are proposed for San Luis Obispo Local Designation eligibility: • The 1887 grandstand appears eligible as a Master List property under: o Criterion A(1)(b): as a rare architectural building style o Criterion B(2)(a): for its association with a first-of-its-kind event that made a significant contribution to a broad pattern of local history o Criterion B(3)(a): for its association with an early pattern of local history o Criterion C(2): as a structure that has retained enough of its historic character and appearance to be recognizable as a historic resource and to convey the reasons for its significance • The Wood Family Residence (Residence #1) appears individually eligible as a Contributing Resource under: o Criterion A(1)(a): for the relative purity of its Craftsman style o Criterion A(2)(a): for its notable attractiveness and craftsmanship, especially in a farmstead setting o Criterion C(1)-C(3): for its integrity of location, materials, design, workmanship, setting, feeling, and association Attachment 1 Packet Page 70 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 51 REVISED ELIGIBILITY DETERMINATIONS AND TREATMENT PLAN As a result of the additional information and the revised eligibility determinations, the treatment plan for the grandstand will be modified to better demonstrate its connection to its racetrack origins and to its revised period of significance, 1887–1900, when it was an important, prominent, and architecturally distinctive element of the racetrack grounds, designed to cater to the spectators who came to view the “speed programme” elements of the fair. After William Otterbein Wood acquired the racetrack property in 1900, he plowed up the race course, moved the grandstand to its present location, removed several lengths of the redwood drop-siding from the front of the building, and converted it to a barn. He reused the wood siding to clad a house he built (Residence #2) shortly thereafter. Residence #2 is slated for demolition as part of the proposed redevelopment project; the original drop-siding from the grandstand will be carefully removed and used for restoration of the grandstand building. Elements associated with the grandstand’s use as a barn will be removed, as they obscure the significance of the building as a racetrack grandstand. There are several positive results that stem from the revised eligibility determinations: • The grandstand will be more properly understood for its important connections to the Sixteenth District Agricultural Association and the development of the San Luis Obispo County Fair; • A rare building type will be freed from later, inconsistent additions and will be partially restored using its own reclaimed original materials; • The grandstand will be relocated to a place more consistent with its original location (with a similar viewshed, which it currently lacks); and • The grandstand gains the potential for reuse as a viewing stand. This report also recommends contacting the California Mid-State Fair Heritage Foundation, whose mission statement is: To preserve and enrich the heritage of the 16th District Agricultural Association (http://www.thecmsfheritagefoundation.org/). • California Mid-State Fair Heritage Foundation P.O. Box 8 Paso Robles, CA 93447 (805) 238-3745 Treatment Plan Residence #1 • Cut down vegetation and remove fencing around perimeter of residence. • Take black-and-white “as-built” photographs • Prepare building for moving to temporary relocation area. • Secure building at temporary relocation area. • Move residence to permanent location on San Luis Ranch development. • Restore exterior according to Secretary of the Interior Standards (SOIS) for Restoration of Historic Properties. Attachment 1 Packet Page 71 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 52 • Rehabilitate interior according to SOIS for Rehabilitation for Historic Properties to accommodate Historic Building Code and adaptive reuse in San Luis Ranch Development. Residence #2 • Cut down vegetation and remove fencing from perimeter of residence. • Demolish additions on west side. • Take black-and-white “as-built” photographs. • Carefully remove original drop-siding from residence for reinstallation on grandstand. • Demolish remainder of residence. Residence #3 • Demolish or remove residence from site. Warehouse • Demolish or remove warehouse from site. Barn • Although the barn did not originally have a metal roof, it is not advisable to remove it for any “as- built” photographs, as the essential form is intact as it is. The hay fork should be retained for interpretive purposes. • Take black-and-white “as-built” photographs of the barn interior. • Disassemble the barn, retaining all salvageable lumber that may be serviceable for the construction of the barn at the new location. • Build the new barn using salvaged lumber to the extent feasible and appropriate. • If the barn is to be placed on a concrete slab, the floor will be finished with an Americans eith Disabilities Act (ADA)-compliant stabilized surface approximating the appearance of the local soil. Racetrack Grandstand • Remove barn-era additions on north, west, and south side of racetrack grandstand. • Take black-and-white “as-built’ photographs • Prepare building for moving to temporary relocation area. • Secure building at temporary relocation area. • Move building to permanent location on San Luis Ranch Development • Restore building according to SOIS for Restoration of Historic Properties, retaining hay mow and hayfork assembly for interpretive purposes. Sheds • Cut down vegetation from perimeter of sheds and remove debris from interior of open-sided sheds. Attachment 1 Packet Page 72 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 53 • Take black-and-white “as-built” photos. • Demolish sheds. Structure at North Corner of Property • Demolish structure. Attachment 1 Packet Page 73 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 54 PREPARER’S QUALIFICATIONS SWCA Senior Architectural Historian Paula Juelke Carr, M.A., meets the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Professionally Qualified Staff as both historian and architectural historian. Ms. Carr has more than 25 years of experience in California history and architectural history, including more than 11 years as an Associate Environmental Planner (Architectural History) for the California Department of Transportation, District 5. Attachment 1 Packet Page 74 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 55 REFERENCES CITED Angel, Myron 1976 History of San Luis Obispo County, California, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers. Fresno: Word Dancer Press, in association with Friends of the Adobes [facsimile of original 1883 edition published by Thompson & West, Oakland]. Bailey, Ashlee M., Susan Zamudio-Gurrola, and Shannon Carmack 2016 Cultural Resources Survey and Evaluation: City of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Ranch Project. Prepared by Rincon Consultants. November 2016. Bertrando and Bertrando Research Consultants 1999a Historical Resources Inventory and Evaluation for the San Luis Marketplace Annexation: The Dalidio Property, San Luis Obispo, CA. Submitted to Applied EarthWorks, Inc. 1999b Historical Evaluation for the Existing Structures on the Proposed San Luis Obispo Marketplace Annexation: The Dalidio Property, San Luis Obispo, CA. Submitted to Applied EarthWorks, Inc. California Mid-State Fair Heritage Foundation 2018 The California Mid-State Fair Heritage Foundation. Available at: http://www.thecmsfheritagefoundation.org/. Accessed August 2018. California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly) Library Special Collections Various Dates Fairs Collection, MS #9, FF141, Folder 5 Various Dates Fairs Collection, Record Group II: Division of Fairs and Expositions Various Dates Fairs Collection, Record Group III: Joint Commission on Fairs Allocation and Classification, Box 43, Folder 29 California State Agricultural Society 1876 Transactions of the California State Agricultural Society During the Year 1875. Sacramento: A.J. Johnston, Supt. State Printing, 1876. 1886 Transactions of the California State Agricultural Society During the Year 1885. Sacramento: A.J. Johnston, Supt. State Printing, 1886. 1891 Transactions of the California State Agricultural Society During the Year 1890. Sacramento: A.J. Johnston, Supt. State Printing, 1891. 1895 Transactions of the California State Agricultural Society During the year 1894. Sacramento: A. J. Johnston, Supt. State Printing, 1895. 1896 Transactions of the California State Agricultural Society During the year 1895. Sacramento: A. J. Johnston, Supt. State Printing, 1896. Morrison, Annie L., and John H. Haydon 2002 Pioneers of San Luis Obispo County & Environs. San Miguel, California: Friends of the Adobes, Inc., in association with Word Dancer Press, Sanger, California [facsimile of original 1917 edition]. Attachment 1 Packet Page 75 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 56 Olmstead, Alan L., and Paul W. Rhode 2017 A History of California Agriculture. University of California: Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics. Available at: https://s.giannini.ucop.edu/uploads/giannini_public/19/41/194166a6-cfde-4013-ae55- 3e8df86d44d0/a_history_of_california_agriculture.pdf. Accessed August 2018. Pollock, Rosemary 2009 “A Brief History of the Ventura County Fair: 1874-1946.” Journal of Ventura County History 52(1):2–19. Vachell, Horace Annesley 1901 Life and Sport on the Pacific Slope. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. Provided by the Library of Congress. Available at: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gdc/scd0001.0017188780A. Accessed August 2018. Windsor Historical Society 2016 Glory Days of Sage Park. Windsor Historical Society Chronicles 34(3). September 2016. Newspapers (individual citations provided in text) Los Angeles Herald Los Angeles Times Nevada State Journal Oxnard Courier Pacific Rural Press Sacramento Record-Union San Bernardino County Sun San Francisco Call San Francisco Chronicle San Luis Obispo Daily Republic San Luis Obispo Semi-Weekly Breeze San Luis Obispo Daily Tribune San Luis Obispo Tribune San Luis Obispo Weekly Tribune Santa Cruz Evening News Santa Cruz Sentinel Santa Maria Times Santa Maria Daily Times and Courier Ventura Free-Press Maps Buchanan, E. Y. 1887 Map of the Central Addition to the City of San Luis Obispo, California, as laid out for Edwin Goodall, in June 1887; revised to December 1887 by James L. Drum. Foreman, S.W. 1876 Harford & Chapman’s Sub-Division of Lands in T.31.S. R.12.East. M.D.Mer. in San Luis Obispo Co., Cal. Surveyed July 26, 1876. Attachment 1 Packet Page 76 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 57 Harris, R. R. 1875 Map of Resubdivision of Rancho Laguna (unrecorded). Henry, Brice M. 1858 Plat of the Laguna Rancho, Finally Confirmed to J. S. Alemany, Bishop, etc. Surveyed under Instructions from the U.S. Surveyor General by Brice M. Henry, Deputy Surveyor, July 1858. Parsons, A. F. 1920 Survey No. 119 A, September 14, 1920. Stratton, James 1868 Map of the Subdivisions of the ranchos Cañada de los Osos and La Laguna, San Luis Obispo County, California. Surveyed by Jas. T. Stratton, May 1868 (San Luis Obispo County Maps Book A, p. 83). Attachment 1 Packet Page 77 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report 58 This page intentionally left blank. Attachment 1 Packet Page 78 APPENDIX A Examples of Racetrack Grandstands Attachment 1 Packet Page 79 Attachment 1 Packet Page 80 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-1 RACE TRACK GRANDSTANDS AS AN ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCE TYPE A common theme in articles about surviving examples is their rarity and efforts to preserve them. Also included here are contemporary photographs of important racetrack elements that the San Luis Obispo track once possessed: railings, judges’ stands, and stables. No photographs or sketches of the San Luis Obispo racetrack have yet come to light (although it is likely that some exist), but the key elements are very likely to have resembled some of these structures. Grandstands in Other States Figure A-1. Grandstand, Springfield, Maine (https://www.thespringfieldfair.com/directions?lightbox=dataItem-j5b6lj2n1). Attachment 1 Packet Page 81 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-2 Figure A-2. Grandstand, entrance gate, judges’ viewing stand, press/guests’ viewing stand, Sage Park, Windsor, Connecticut, c1910s (Source: Windsor Historical Society https://windsorhistoricalsociety.org/glory-days-of-sage-park/). Figure A-3. Stables, track, railings, and a judge’s viewing stand at one of the turns, Sage Park, Windsor, Connecticut (Source: Windsor Historical Society, 2016.1.69, https://windsorhistoricalsociety.org/glory-days-of-sage-park/). Attachment 1 Packet Page 82 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-3 Figure A-4. Regner Park Grandstand, West Bend, Wisconsin (https://www.washingtoncountyinsider.com/head-nod-to-history-and-the-old- grandstand-at-regner-park/). Figure A-5. Franklin County Fairgrounds, Hilliard, Ohio, 1941 (http://blog.likingstuff.com/2014/07/a-grand-and-celebratory-old-hilliard.html). Attachment 1 Packet Page 83 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-4 Figure A-6. Fairfield County Fair grandstand, Lancaster, Ohio, destroyed by arson in 2016 (https://www.farmanddairy.com/top-stories/fairfield-county- landmark-burns-to-the-ground/372259.html). Figure A-7. New Butler County (Ohio) Fair grandstand, 1913 (https://lillianscupboard.wordpress.com/category/fairs/). Attachment 1 Packet Page 84 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-5 Figure A-8. Canton, Ohio Agricultural Park grandstand, June 2018 (P. Carr, photo). Figure A-9. Judges’ stand at Trempealeau County Fair racetrack, 1897; the pony “chariot race” was an exhibition event (http://trempealeaucountyhistory.org/?page_id=793). Attachment 1 Packet Page 85 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-6 Figure A-10. Rising Park Fairgrounds, Mt. Pleasant, Ohio (https://i.pinimg.com/originals/01/2d/82/012d82f681408ec60bf1ba3ae5de580b.jpg). Attachment 1 Packet Page 86 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-7 California Grandstands Figure A-11. Fresno Fairgrounds with clubhouse and grandstand, c. 1890 (http://store.valleyhistory.org/images/detailed/0/PF_045a.jpg). Figure A-12. Advertising cut for October 8–12, 1895 Ventura Agricultural Fair, held at the Agricultural Park (Pollock 2009). Attachment 1 Packet Page 87 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-8 Figure A-13. Sonoma County Fair Grounds. The grandstand was replaced in 1955. Figure A-14. Ballpark grandstand in Healdsburg, Sonoma County, renovated in 2012 as the Clarence Ruonavaara Grandstand in Recreation Park (https://patch.com/california/healdsburg/healdsburg-turns-out-for-dedication- of-clarence-ruona89daa179e5). Attachment 1 Packet Page 88 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-9 San Luis Obispo’s Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand Figure A-15. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing southeast. A pair of hinged doors and a hayfork were installed at the gable peak, and the shed roof addition was constructed when the grandstand was modified for use as a hay barn. The angled window opening shows the original raked incline of the grandstand seating; paired windows below are original (SWCA, July 13, 2018). Attachment 1 Packet Page 89 San Luis Ranch Architectural Resources Mitigation Report A-10 Figure A-16. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing west. The shed roof additions and the modifications to the southeast elevation are not part of the original grandstand (SWCA, July 13, 2018). Figure A-17. Sixteenth District Agricultural Association Grandstand, camera facing southwest. The drop siding, doorways, paneled door and windows are all original. Side rooms housed the saloon and the ladies’ rest area (SWCA, July 13, 2018). Attachment 1 Packet Page 90