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HomeMy WebLinkAbout11/12/2019 Item 10, Papp (2) From: James Papp < > Sent: Sunday, November 10, 2019 1:58 PM To: E-mail Council Website Subject: Letter in favor of building the new SLO Rep AND preserving the National Register—eligible Heyd Adobe Attachments: The 1939 Heyd Adobe.pdf Dear Council Members, I'm writing to advocate building the new SLO Repertory Theater and preserving the 1939 Louis and Lucy Heyd Adobe. I think we're smart enough of a city to figure out how to have both. Performing arts are crucial to bring new ideas to a community, but the free people's theater of historic architecture tells us how we got where we are, and it's available to everyone, all the time, without a ticket, without a dress-up occasion. It wasn't initially I who thought of researching and advocating for the Heyd Adobe, it was one of our Latino city parks maintenance guys who asked me one day, upset that an adobe would be torn down. Just as it wasn't I who thought of preserving and display part of the tilhini Aqueduct but members of the yak tityu tityu. Cultural resources professionals have a duty to work for communities that are not always heard. To cities, new stuff seems more exciting than old stuff, but to communities within our cities, old stuff is crucial to who they and we are. Three understandable misconceptions about the national significance of the Heyd Adobe, the feasibility of relocating an adobe, and relocation as a mitigation have led us to our current situation, where San Luis Obispo's theatrical culture has been unnecessarily pitted against built culture. I'm attaching a 17-page document (mostly pictures!) to explain the historical context, relocation logistics, and mitigation in detail, but to cut to the chase: National Significance It wasn't possible to ascertain in 2011, when the cultural resources component of the EIR was done, how significant the Heyd Adobe is. Our databases of newspapers and ephemera have increased exponentially since then, allowing us to put local resources in national context. Bitudobe, adobe with bitumen emulsion substituting for straw as the binder, was invented in 1936 and so revolutionized the 1890s-1990s Adobe Revival in the Southwest that in the revival's latter half Bitudobe became ubiquitous. It qualified for the FHA and made adobe accessible to the urban working and middle class. But the uptake was slow. By 1939 only four Bitudobe houses (one by Julia Morgan) rated brief mention in the press, plus a Bitudobe chicken coop at the Nebraska State Agricultural College that made the round of rural papers. In 1939, the Heyd Adobe became the world's first Bitudobe demonstration house, with an extended press campaign, open house, and rare manufacture of the bricks on site, driven by the partnership between enthusiastic clients and an evangelist � architect-builder-brickmaker, William Scott. Lucy Heyd, a practical nurse, and Louis, a hands-on workingman who had been a press operator, pump station engineer, and steam cleaner of automobiles, "fell in love" with the concept of constructing a modern adobe. Bitudobes populate the National Register of Historic Places, from the Civilian Conservation Corps compound at Casa Grande Ruins to the Chancellor's Residence at UCSD, but the Heyds' adobe is one of the few working people's houses to qualify for the National Register. Feasibility of Relocation Another thing that was not obvious is that it is perfectly feasible to relocate an adobe structure. Eric Brandt, the Central Coast's go-to building mover, has established that, though he's also pointed out that it's easier and cheaper to relocate on-site. An off-site move would be $200,000, the equivalent cost of a new tiny house ADU or 2 % spaces in the parking garage. Mitigation Finally, it wasn't clear that under California statute (14 CCR § 4852), relocation can be—under circumstances preventing destruction—mitigation: "A moved building [...] that is otherwise eligible may be listed in the California Register if it was moved to prevent its demolition at its former location and if the new location is compatible with the original character and use of the historical resource." The city was under no legal obligation regarding the tilhini Aqueduct, but it did the right thing, and community, tribe, and developer are proud that it did, because it not only represents the quality of who we were in the past but—just as important—the quality of who we are now. We boast a number of architectural firsts and one-offs that have become icons of SLO: the first motel in the Heineman brothers' Motel Inn, the only Greek Revival cinema in S. Charles Lee's Fremont Theater, the only Usonian office building in Frank Lloyd Wright's Kundert Medical Clinic, the only Julia Morgan children's playhouse in the Zegar Playhouse. Lucy and Louis Heyd and William Scott's adobe is one of those world one-offs. It will become an icon if allowed to survive. Let's do the right thing with the Heyd Adobe and instead of demolishing this nationally significant building make sure it is used as intended, to house our community's people and bring our community pride on the National Register of Historic Places. Please make sure the SLO Rep does not have to rise on a legacy of cultural destruction. Please follow the unanimous recommendations of the Planning Commission and Cultural Heritage Committee and commit staff to finding a solution that preserves the Heyd and its eligibility for the Master List and California Register and resultant Mills Act and SB451 tax credits. James Papp, Historicities LLC Architectural Historian Secretary of the Interior Professional Qualification Standards Below, samples of how the Heyd Adobe might be accommodated on site z � � �. � ..�.. .. J ,,, �,�. .. f� 1 � �� � ��N� ��' x �� h f � f �� ""�u �l � � �� � ��� ' �. ,���•... iM�Fr 2������,��ua� 1 ��' �u�q � -�h� �� � � ..��� � ,�'h����t'�� �� .,,,,,,,,;, ;��� � ������������ � � �;� ,.�i �� �,�� _������ I M�--��.� � ' � G a'u),,, f Gru � �' � � � � � �°'�oo�w���oo�;ro. � ��,,� 4 � ���, ����V�`�� 7,� :� �-t—o�.... �„�'"'��"I I � �, � ��l �Y � , � i ,,,,„,���: I� ,,,,,I,r i i �r k V,.. ������� jryV ���I� y�,�, /��,.r��� h � ��.. � � I �� � a r � � � � `�f�� �o��� I� I� ��� ,.�I„� � a�(�i�� �����F��� � �� j� � �, �I � °i � ` ' ; � �"'"� i ��v��r �! b � .i{ . . 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" m� `�m�m���� � , ., F�i„=,;,si i, a��i�.. ���' '���� 6 �'� ,;�' � �f ... � , � � 1 J i � � � � G � � u � ��t- � , ; � p � � ,wl�;', £ I lf p I J } � �����r�'�%/�J �, '°,,,,,,, �w� rl;i f � � �'i� � I � � �Il�a��,a���Y ��� � � � � ( ' u ,� ��.,,r i �� �� � �� ' �.�. ' ���� � ' �� ' �a� � � ,����� � �� ���'� � ��� � � t����� ��.,:�. .. �.r � ��°��� I�� ��� � n..m ����I,� � , . �__.�� . �� � ,� � ,�� ..� �.���� . �� � � �� �„' ....... .... �� ��'��' � �� , � w,�� � � �' � � ,�a � � i � ��� �,� r . �� , �� �� � � �� �� �� � ` ���� � �, � � ,. � �� i � 1I £ � � J � �' J ,� �� �� � I '�, �"� �`����„� �� �m�� � °�,,� ;� � , ��� � � �" y �' �e , � , ,y r � " � v o� "O��' „.,-,� �. �ti „�� , � '� � �7 �:� ,a�M.�„", ...... `� . r �"- P . �� �,��u ��n�„t� ��;„x .,,,�., fi� �--�d � �� r� �'�9�IN'��I��`I�"'� ��������; �^-�� �� � " 3 THE 1939 HEYD ADOBE• 614 MONTEREY STREET• SAN LUIS OBISPO America's First Bitudobe Demonstration House An Adobe Revival Building Eligible for the California and National Historic Registers � � � � �r ��� `� � ;���a� � �' �` � ��,,, ,� � � � , ti f' ', �� , i ,, „ � � � ! ,%ty ' ,,,,. � , � /� f �% ja�o;��� ,, � '� ,��� ��" ' .,�i . � � Ci��� ir � , � I���������� ������p�,��i�I����� �� .,�� �� 7 � /i. x°t �'� �����II���� IVi�Iill��l�� ��� � '�, » i ,,; r. �' , � i� � �., � �� � � y,i�l � . � /� n✓ �. 5 /hf � � f w �.,'�.�Viu �� -�;�:.. , ,r� ,�Ilii/�/IF�� i:,!( l�l��Y,,,,,�w�,�X�I�,�7��',vhi/ rr�wF.,;J�,.��.;,. u � i rl, fi �r SUMMARY Only 14 adobes are left of a town once entirely adobe: 1 from the 18th century (the Mission San Luis Obispo), 2 Indian adobes from the early 19th (Sauer and Sauer-Adams), 8 documentable to the mid 19th (Andrews, Butron, Dallidet, Hays-Latimer, La Loma, Mancilla-Freitas, and Rodriguez), and 3 from the 20th (Heyd, Smith, and Nelson-Garris). Four of these are clearly eligible for the National Register of Historic Places through historic association, architecture, or construction; documentation; and integrity: the Mission; the Dallidet Adobe,birthplace of our wine industry; the Sauer-Adams Adobe, our earliest known hotel; and the Heyd Adobe,a pioneer building in the Adobe Revival. The Adobe Revival was first described in 1895,two years after the birth of the Mission Revival (in the California Building at the Chicago World's Fair), one year after the birth of the Pueblo Revival (in William Randolph Hearst's Hacienda del Oso). But adobe remained a material for the rich (being work-intensive) and poor (being readily available) until 1936, when the American Bitumuls Company invented Bitudobe, a mix of adobe and asphalt that qualified for FHA loans,bringing the Adobe Revival to the middle and working classes. The Louis and Lucy Heyd Adobe is the first known Bitudobe demonstration house. Modestly but innovatively designed by builder-architect William Scott in traditional and Mid-Century Modern, constructed of the earth on which it stood, it was accompanied—like no other Bitudobe house before it—by a newspaper campaign and open house. For its method of construction,the Heyd Adobe is a rare working- to middle-class house eligible for the National Register. By the 1940s, Bitudobe was used for everything from houses to apartments, classrooms to airports around the US and Canada,though it was concentrated in adobe's cultural cradle of the Southwest. Bitudobe became so ubiquitous that by the 1950s it was simply referred to as adobe, and it was widely used in California through the end of the century. The Heyd Adobe—retaining its integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling,and association—is one of the most significant and best preserved sites of America's Adobe Revival. 1 TIMELINE r%%�i// ,,,,��,��„��m�t�l, /i j� 111��IIIIIi��f� 1884 Helen Hunt Jackson publishes Ramona, starting ��� � °°� �-� °'" a wave of Mission Era nostalgia. Four years r �� �� , , �-9�" later, San Luis Obispo's Ramona Hotel, "as ����� � � �� � � � , �� beautiful as the heroine after whom it is � - named," is built—in Tudor Revival style. i�U �� � � ,� �� i �x 1893 The Chicago World's Fair's California Building, � i �� �, ��� � �� designed by A. Page Brown and A. C. �t Schweinfurth, is the first Mission Revival building, an amalgam of Missions Santa �' ` i Barbara and San Carlos Borromeo J ��� ; Ramona, 1916 edition, Little, Brown, Boston i ° i 1894 The Hacienda del Oso, designed by A. C. Schweinfurth for William Randolph Hearst in Pleasanton, is the first Pueblo Revival structure 1895 An article on the Adobe Revival in Colorado Springs is published in newspapers across America The California Landmark Foundation is founded in Los Angeles 1924 Invention of bitumen emulsion 1936 Invention of Bitudobe 1938 Julia Morgan designs a Bitudobe clubhouse at Lakewood Estates,Walnut Creek 1939 Louis and Lucy Heyd commission their adobe from architect-builder William Scott. The bricks are made on site from the surrounding dirt. The Telegram- Tribune announces construction in May; the open house is August 1. 1939-40 Scott designs and builds a 4,400-square foot Bitudobe hilltop courtyard ranch in Santa Barbara for Dr. Horace Pierce, pioneer of the avocado industry 1941 Hans Sumpf's invention of the lay down machine multiplies by ten the adobe bricks a team can manufacture in a day.Yards in California's major metropolitan areas,Arizona, and New Mexico create an industry of Bitudobe design and construction that persists for more than half a century. 1946 A booklet published by the American Bitumuls Company features Scott's Pierce Adobe. The contemporary press discusses Bitudobe as a solution for the postwar shortage of materials and skilled construction workers. 1967 San Luis Obispo's second known Bitudobe,the Murray and Joan Smith House at 117 Longview Place, designed by Murray Smith,a Cal Poly theater professor, is constructed by students 1974 The city's third known Bitudobe,the Nelson and Garris Commercial Building, is constructed at 605 Santa Rosa Street. Both the Smith and Nelson-Garris Adobes use bricks manufactured by Hans Sumpf in Fresno. 2 THE MISSION,PUEBLO,AND ADOBE REVIVAL MOVEMENTS The Adobe Revival coincided with the Mission Revival and Pueblo Revival.While the latter two are stylistic movements that have most often used stucco, concrete,brick, stone, and wood to achieve their effect,the Adobe Revival is based on a building material and its historic, environmental, and aesthetic context, including the • craft of manufacturing and assembling it • ability of nonprofessionals to build their own structure • economy and environmental friendliness of building from an autochthonous material and benefiting from ambient solar heating • appearance of authenticity • sensual effect, such as visual irregularity, aural soundproofing, and tactile warmth Hence the Adobe Revival is an offshoot of the 19th-century Arts and Crafts movement, attempting to alter modern life by integrating traditional building methods into it. ��%,; „, � o%%%%/// � �Ji/ ,, �i������ ; ��,,, i/i/ . ��,� , ,. � ��Y%�, � °;,��/� � 1 �. � ���/�����i � „ '"� i'�� � '�" � ��///�/� � �� w �� i �"���� � � � f����� � ia/� , ; f� ;, � , F ' m ��m �. i�' �� w �//✓,�/� � � ��.^^�� , 1S r . . �u'� ''�Al�m "^^,�,y�,l� � � i r //�JJf/�Oi/IfINN �i: � �� �'��`��ui�"� `'"i '�,'� � f�� �J i/%ii/'/;��r��cr/!il,/l s!6G,%f� �n , �' y w�d i'' a»„�., r � �/�"99'� '� � � � ;a�mnwm'"�'iY� �1t1k1��� � � '�� U ' �II�' � ,'1"'� � '�„' .e w P' •"��'� `� �� r�y ��� �,a���i�t/i�i�i��ii � ����`���a � � � „ � �4"� ,� �,r �, �' ��� ,�'�"i�t ' � '�„ � �� � ` � ` �� ,� �' r a r r � � ,/i i �i� � r� . j y,�� ��� o,M .'�" �/ ���� jn�� ,�a ��`� � "�� I� a�"° �f� '"� �� 4, � �„ � M ° m , ,�,- , i � Wr�. y �^��� e,a"e,�/� � � ,,.. ' � � " � � ��yrr � ( �" �4 �?';, , f '„ s, ,� .' �' i I Il o. . „ � pi �r,, , .� rdtl� ,. �� �.�„� ��: �/%��✓%ia,ii" �� m�mm �,� „ „ , ,,. - , ��e,. - . �. �y ��l/��� ///ii//i�r r%//�����U����hJ���i � i' /%ii �� V��li������ii%� /i o°i� i iiao//�%��%i�j �".�� i`rii�i� � i i/��iii i%i i %%��l%/ i�i z o . i�,�Jl�,� � i /ri oirY/� �:G'�, ��✓N//���1� � �� ,n�� � �J',/�iJy�%% '���flt���;,. % rrf� �,/+,�, ,��///��///„%�������%/O/i�ii//!1///��l/�� �//�/ii�i��r/��//r. California Building, Chicago World's Fair,A. � �, � ,r ,,�'�� � ,,,,��. ��� � Page Brown and A. C. Schweinfurth, 1893 �a;�����"���� ��'� r�,: �,�, e.,� „ �/��/iiii//G/.ii/ //�/ ���o�i�/�///i/,,,�"/%///�", /ir �i�„��� j/%//�ii�, „!,///i%��i�ripo/i / ,!,��.,. i Di ,, ,;,, ,, , i�/ll,//,l%%�%%///,//,,//i�%��,i//////%%/%////% iii////i��%oa�i/i� i��%/�//%/iii'�i���/�� < � ' ,,,, �, ,��i;;,-i���//.,,, ���//��j� ���� „j ��%/!�i�/� ���,�i/�/ „ i, , „„ „�,;,,L�//%ii,,,,ii��,/i%/%%///�/ �ii ii�,//�/�.J" ij/i,����c',%%%�% //////�� ��iiii�i���/////U/i„ii/� � `„ .; , , ,,, , , „ � ii///�////�%iii����/� ��� //�� ��ii/�i�; �,,,r,i�„ �/��iiii�/// ��ii... -, i�>� „ %i�"�, /�,�i� �//l� ��ii/ ,,,,;> /`/�i,/�ii iiiiii�����ii %/� �/ii%%//,,�j,//%��� c,%/,%�/� �,�,/i//�i/� �i/����i/�����%���,�;i�iii i;,. �!,, ii�� ...�%�,,� ���.f/!/�/���j/�i/ �, ;e, .//..,,,,,,i ,'iiir ��i i/,i��, �,,,,i � i�� � /,� i✓i,�/ /.../ ..,..uiG,.,, // „ / , ��/� / ./ /i//i'� i��/ /,,,,,,,i�i iii ,,,iiiiii //� o'J //// �i�i �l� �/ / , / ii, ii ii , c,,,,. f�,�-.iii�i�� ���� /' ��% % i/� ,/ / �// / / i /�„ Ni,,,;,,, - �. /i�,/,/���� / /��/���//������ /�%/. /�/ ���i %f�/,/i�„ , / � /��ii ���/� //� l�%%,// /�/ � /����/��/�/' ������������/���/�%���/%9�%������ �iii/i ii��/ , � l i � � e j� � ��""f �� (�"; III�, n� B IH ,�,o, � �„ � Hacienda del Oso,A. C. Schweinfurth, 1894. From the American Architect and Building News. 3 �, , � �:� � � % �- ���aA,���R��*kaa�rcnd��z��4;5�urt���p�f�,r��; � �� - �,"� , � �!'" � ; - d-��r�.ox�w���s,���t�l��l�a d�s�"h�"w�u;l��', � �� y :.'" '� ' fl��w��°ah"'3r�L�ue�w���wa���sa��"��m�u���' . , > ����r��� V,rr✓-��t9���� ! �:: , , i � u�p���'�� � ; 6;",�+yrunuJeme 1k�s�kk,H "��m�yt+v , 4 ,,� %���nc+��:ruKranf��ti�u��tl�r�r� f�u li � j i ' ,��� , ' " �i °%j��, ;� �r ; ii��'„ F;, t � j� � � �� f %i�i' � �r 'i J�' 1'I � i /'�,/i�/'%%/%/ / � , ��,�l/ �j���I�//% �� � `�, � �� /%�, , , ���� � �%/✓////i�//�������l'���y�»� , ' �l 11f111. � �.. �rr%, , � � � � „ % , �����w��,����,�����,��,��,r,��,�,���,�����,�����������, :�����,���,��w��������. ������.�����,�,���.,�-�w�������<��m�� The Motel Inn, 1925, in 'fireproof'concrete: the Mission Revival as roadside advertisement Birth of the Adobe Revival An unsigned column with one � illustration—alternately headlined "Adobe �., :. � �� � House Coming In: Colorado Springs Setting � � -•:� -. the Fashion for the Remainder of America" •�:1�_� • � �'� y� � and "Again in Use: Adobe Houses Are Once .' �:��- � ; � i t,• - � More Being Built in the West"—ran in � ,y,� • � ?�,,�, January and February 1895 in at least . y.� 4�.,,�,-�r'r.�"�s � • �„�,� seventeen newspapers nationwide and ���`��=.��� probably many more that have not been f digitized. They included, from west to east, lcEw snon� HODSE AT COiAItADO B!@IR06. papers in South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan,Alabama, Georgia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Connecticut and Massachusetts, states where there was little tradition of residential adobe. It did not appear in any of the contemporary newspapers in the California Digital Newspaper Collection. The author argued that the first American houses were of adobe, and "adobe houses now promise to become quite a fad in the West," tracing that fad to Colorado Springs,where General William Jackson Palmer "set the adobe house fashion ... several years ago." "We seem to be at last on the trail of a genuine national school of architecture." However, "Mexicans have been imported to make the adobes," and they"closely guard the secret." The author captured the zeitgeist of the new West: a search for the Old West's authenticity. Mission Era reference was used by inventors of the California Bungalow Greene and Greene (Arturo Bandini House, Pasadena, 1903), innovator Theodore Eisen (Charles Lummis House-El Alisal, Los Angeles, 1895-1910), and modernist Irving Gill. 1895 also saw the founding by Lummis of the California Landmark Foundation,the first group to focus on preservation and restoration of the missions. Growth of the Adobe Revival in the Early 20th Century Universiry of New Mexico president William Tight, not satisfied with the camous's Pueblo Revival style, in 1907-08 guided the adobe construction of the Estufa, a fraternity building in the form of a kiva. In 1911 East Coast socialites Jack and Gertrude Nairn commissioned New Mexico's Casa del 4 Gavilan, an adobe courtyard ranch house. The Cimarron News and Cimarron Citizen said it would "afford all modern conveniences to be desired" and be "one of the most picturesque residences in America" (22 July 1911, p. 1). Both buildings on the National Register. In 1913 Santa Barbara's Morning Press wrote that brothers-in-law Frank Cruz and Carlos Castillo, "descendants of early Santa Barbara families," were building adjoining adobes on Canon Perdido Street, "the first ... to go up in Santa Barbara in more than a quarter of a century" ("Adobe Bricks Come into Use Again, Houses to Be Built of That Material: First Effort in City in Many Years to Return to Early Spanish Style," 9 Oct.). These adobes have since been demolished and replaced with stucco apartments. A 1922 article in the Morning Press touted � �a � � � the "Romantic Carillo Studios Building," a � �������,���,"��,��"��������������������r������������ new Monterey Style adobe, adding the �� �� ,�r, � t „ �,o,,, ,«, ,,,, � contractor had won "an enviable � i ' reputation for his buildings of genuine J � � � ���� ; adobe construction,following the methods ` � �� � , , � „ ,,,,�`, li%� , , ; » f ,��fJ� ' 1,���r!� J�l�����1�%�i ,,' J and practices of the Spanish Fathers with �� ����� �' � � ` ' �,u��,��„���yr�t��, ��r r � � two houses under construction and many ', � ' � ;', °''; � � 1 examples already around Santa Barbara t , �% � �f ' r�, �o, r�y� , �r,���g ( � � , "� ,iu, � � �, ,>„��yr,, � '� �° „ ,,,,��� �i� ��� � ; ( Carillo Studios Building to House Variety ; �, of Arts, First of Which Will Open Doors y Monday," 25 June). The building, extant,is i �°,� ��°� °������ �° °°°° °°°°� °�� ������ �rw��"�° a Santa Barbara Structure of Merit. Democratization of Adobe in the Mid 20th Century Adobe's availabiliry, environmental practicality, and usability by non-experts came to the fore as the Adobe Revival moved into the mid century.A 1920 New York Times article led with, "Out in California,where adobe is coming back,women and girls have turned builders and are rearing some attractive looking bungalows," closing with the observation that the "saving in brick and tiles,the principle items in home construction, is an important factor in the cost of providing the small home" ("New Adobe Dwellings," 9 May). In 1939 United Press distributed an item from El Segundo on a program for relief clients to build adobe houses for themselves on county land ("Adobe Houses Come Back," New Orleans Item, 9 Jan.). Do-it-yourself guides included W. E. Groban's 1941 Adobe Architecture:Its Design and Construction (Washington, DC: US Forest Service), Paul and Doris Aller's 1946 Build Your Own Adobe (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press), Mark R. Harrington's 1948 How to Build a California Adobe (Los Angeles: W. Ritchie), Hugh Comstock's 1948 Post-Adobe (Monterey), G. F. Middleton's 1953 Build YourHouse ofEarth (London: Angus and Robertson), and William Lumpkins' 1961 La Casa Adobe (Santa Fe: Ancient City Press). 5 � 4r r�rlii/, llll�l " ,w ,J � � � . J �i 1 � � � � ��. , W, �:n wm..�� A '�N. + �Ilsfi F Y M,��,x J`MdWY ,F� M"r , + � �u;-µ �....a �....iu.e���m 71°r.y ��'��`�r, .. . � i (uw , ���� � ��� i, � �� ��"� � �"�, �^p �rf� �� ��,,,ti��� �� � � . �,�,,,�' i t y , y � � ..,,,�, �� f � � �,. � � �l � fl I ��� � I°a � p �� �r� � � � +49 ���� Jtl. N I � l� 4 ie � ���� �rrF�v� �°i (� ���,'rr�µ, �?;.,a�kr ��, . �i� � rz� r , k �; �� �� � � ��� � � I n i � . y. M ,.p "4. � ° v�M �� M I . . ' v j ���� � r r C , � �r� � � � ��r b�� , � �� , m.W �� � �o = � �, �� ; ��� � �„;�'�� � �� �� �� � ���?� � �uo . F ��. � ����� � �� ' � � ,� �`�m�,y� '� ' ��'"�u a". d a° ,f r�� �;�, , �w,�,� : , 4��'�� �'� ' w� »��- �"�Wp����� � M� h I��w��i , �-�i i � �� ��a^ 1 ' s .� �� �� ���° ���1 � ii ui �� �� . ,� � � �d�d� �"r w v `��i / � i/i� � ';� mi � � ' Jl�f��p a� ��,.�; M ��.� „ � �nr � ,,,. �� ,,; �; � '� � 1 p����",n�fi� ia " �,yi � �� r�� � 1,�� �r � � �� � �� ` � � �� ,� `%�v�ry �� 4�� Ni �l ( : i i u �P � ; r�., „oo�""'� / v� � i V � ,�m�+ u � �k tfq>'�J�'w �;�"��f!,� � ' '� ^;� ,. �v""k MP ,.."��� ,� '�li ,'�j� ,!^�"k �"^r : �� `ri "a��� . " `°�, ,� " ��� ,,,b1�i � . i i ��0" ' ;,.. � ti¢u;, firtrr w,�- ", �� , d, �„tiq I ��. )- U �, � �, � ✓';�.;�: �'I�'r�<<, ��!�,.� h I � 1 � �i From Bill Lumpkins'La Casa Adobe, 1961 Cover of Post-Adobe, 1948 ����r���;����� �c�����uu��ua�°����� � ����� a�,�,�� ��ab�~���a����a����,����ro���i���� ��a�����, ����� ��n�� ��a�i�uc�� �'��� �� ,�� �����. �°ua�'�a�� ����������"��u,� �� , �,� `„ �� �i�u�u ���t t�w���s�� ��n�^,�� ��a�na� � �I k �ti�� � � � ��, �� �� � �� � � '� ��� � ' �� °� ���� , ������u����1��j��„ , �� �� �, ,�� , ,% � '���i � b� °'" � '/ ' � ✓°�����j� �ii u1%���� �i �/l � �/� ��/ .� i�j�, fi���IVPo I� p �� �, ,,,,,�rru���yn�rrw����, ��r�'n �� '� �i�,� ���fU� ,�<'� ��j i � � �"� ' �� m r p r, � d< ,. � �r � '"" � � � � �� � �;� � � %� f1�,o.� � ��,� % �� � r 1 i7Hlf��� N' , ;i: � u7iar" I� �� � � �lv �" � t ,�wmN. �� � ^V � � �rg� r��� r?� � ..,�.�,.a �dl ° �tt` � � ,,�m� ����`PPEj A ��� % �" 9 ' �rm �r���✓ry �„r� ���1 � �, r� i///,,, �r� � I i101�j , � �'M1�% wiV�iV rry �f � Ah9. � f � �t✓r/ � �' � U �� �� �a � �� ^ � �� � t�� �;� ���� � , � � �� � � � �r�r2.Jt � I ������ il i � , �1P� '�,� � " ,�,,,,,.1 s " ' „ � /�!.,' p / �nk,�u rrYa�.0 I,�M�` .i, / u rtlr�w (����� �U� /�,���� �� �u„iii��+' � �,��w��t�Y'�P?��r�u�,���r. �u � � Il1�1�1111f1(�1�����/ia,,..., f,���!'��f,c.,.���rr�ucr,���aih?�,�y�r�ii,�,�,;,:"., Slow but chic self-building illustrated in Post-Adobe BITUDOBE The inventions in 1936 of Bitudobe and in 1941 of Hans Sumpf's lay down machine—the latter allowing adobe bricks to be manufactured at the rate of thousands rather than hundreds per day (Buxton et al)—meant that adobe structures could be presented as a solution to the Depression crisis of lack of funding for materials and the World War II and postwar crisis of lack of availability of materials. Bitudobe, also marketed as Caladobe, is adobe mixed with emulsified asphalt (itself invented in 1924),which both takes the place of straw in strengthening the bond of the adobe and makes it waterproof. The manufacturer touted "a quart of oil to each slab" (B. Z. 6 »�� � �,� �� ,,;,,, %� � : ,�� � ��� f, �� ��,�� � � �� :�f ; j %�� �i� ��� ���%i�i/, � , �%'%�,�f�� �%! ��i � � /� / /� � �, i:/ � �, �� ,, �� ��/�� �i�� ,'I, � � � � �� v„r, �, � ��; �. � ��� �� / �, �� r , i, i r °�rr,F � �r ry� o�� ; �% � � � � ��� ������ i '�� ,, : �,. ., , �,�,� a �� l �� %ii / � � � %���ii%/�%'//i %'„ iiii%��� r�/��j/ii�/ � ii//�ii/ �, �//f�j�/j/��1�i/�%/i '/�� ��! j� / /%//�%j � � �� ��� "� //,/��j � ������� � I �/� �i//�� �"i�//i// ��i��/% �iii � // �////�,,,,,, � �- ���i�f ��, /,,����� �j/ - �, I�!' '"�j/i'��" � %J u�����ii��%�jJ� � , , � A Bitudobe brick with, on the right, a treated and untreated brick exposed to water. r � � ' '� � i �, � / � r, , , �� �� �������� ��r��� � � ��' � �� � + i , I��'�, ; y , � �,� ; � ������,�����r�� �������;����e�'��'�������,�,���w�+�"�,���� ��u������������,I������'��� ��`����,������ ���������� ��""�� ��� �� ��'�������� ���re �a���u����;����G�� ��������„ Postcard, Donald G. Larson Collection on International Expositions and Fairs, Henry Madden Library, California State University Fresno 7 Body, "Along the Creek," Telegram-Tribune, 9 May 1939, p. 10),which suggests the Heyd Adobe contains about 1,200 gallons of oil. From 1936 the American Bitumuls Company of San Francisco marketed Bitudobe as manufactured bricks and as an emulsion to add to bricks made of autochthonous earth on site. Sample self-made bricks could be sent to the Bitumuls lab to test for structural soundness. Since Bitudobe was approved by the Federal Housing Administration for home loans, it made the Adobe Revival accessible to the middle and working classes,whether they built their own adobe or purchased one. The Bitudobe Industry Albuquerque had a Bitudobe subdivision by 1937. During World War II,the billboard company Foster and Kleiser began manufacturing Bitudobe "at military request" (Foster and Kleiser—The History of Outdoor Advertising,"Aug. 2007, notablekleisers.blogspot.com). In 1945 its Caladobe Department began production and sale for residential and commercial use. In 1947 this division was sold to J. E. Dietrich in Fresno. Hugh Comstock's 1949 Post-Adobe listed twenty-one Bitudobe manufacturers in California, concentrated in the greater areas of the East Bay, Monterey Peninsula, Sacramento, San Joaquin Valley, Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, and San Diego. Hans Sumpf had a yard in Fresno and William Scott, designer and builder of the Heyd Adobe, in Carpinteria. Former Cal Poly student Forrest Holly,blinded by a high school football injury, opened an adobe yard and construction business in Ramona, San Diego County and became the subject of a 1996 CBS biopic, What Love Sees, starring Richard Thomas. „� � � � - � �� � 1�, ,,, � , � i�� ;i� � ��: � o,a � � ', � %' � i �� � �i , % � //, ,,, �� �� � The Adobe Bric�Manufactnring Compan�, � � ��!/�i/jj�'%��%/��� // / � ����i'��/ �„%i „ , ���/��� � also known as L. R. Green, operated in , i�� � , � , r �� � , , � � � � � ', � Escondido from 1949 till Lawrence Green s � � , � fi% ,�%� �% /J �� I % � � ,�,,�,��f� ��� �� ,� / z death in 1971,producing—during the brick f� /� t � i� l� �///,� '� � � �� � �/� !!�� �'!ii � o°, ��� ���i�'�� i/ � � ; drying season of April through October—as � , ,� �� , � �/ � � �t�'��'�� � / � ' �f /��� �f������� � many as 4 500 bricks a day, enough for one ��� i%����; �' ��,, � ���/�% � � � �� , � ��� �,��,��!�r ����j� � � and a half houses. (Michael Buxton et al., ���� � , � , � �% �/o��%' , , , � „///, r ,// . � , � ,. �.. , � , ,� � ,, / ��,, ii ,�i � , � r� i Archaeologlcal Manlfestatlons of a � � ��� � � l � �/� �j , ,� j , � �� � �;�� ����,/���,�� / � Mechanical Adobe Manufacturing Site Near ���/���i�" , ,, ������ � Escondido, California, 1947-197.�. � �������/�, „ i,,,�/�����i � / � / , i:l r/�1, ///< ,f i rt/./or„�� �..,J�„ /.,O/r � �i,�r ✓i,;, . .,�. ,1 A�i� In 1949 Green teamed with Charles Paxton's Adobe Construction Company of La Jolla to build an adobe development near Lake Hodges, for which they appear to have bought the Foster and Kleiser plant that fueled Green's later production, supplying such other adobe construction specialists as Escondido's Weir Brothers ("Construction Begins on 100 Adobe Homes in Rural Tract,"San Diego Union, 1 May 1949).William Lumpkins in "Adobe: Notes on the Production and Placement of Adobe Brick (Sun-Dried) in Walls for the Building of Housing" (1977) worked out that acquisition of a lay down machine only became cost efficient in excess of three million bricks, or 750 houses. By the late 1990s, adobe was seen as a problematic for San Diego's earthquake risk. San Diego's historic Bitudobe buildings are in high demand, and new construction concentrates on restoration. The UCSD chancellor's residence, a 1952 adobe designed by Lumpkins,was 8 added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2008, retrofitted and restored in 2012- 13, and received the Governor's Historic Preservation Award in 2015. Bricks for the 1967 Smith Adobe and 1974 Nelson and Garris Commercial Adobe were supplied by Hans Sumpf. Sumpf,who opened his yard in the mid 1930s and invented the lay down machine, died in 1985,the company continuing till his wife's death in 2005. THE HEYD ADOBE Louis Reiser Heyd, Sr. and the Heyd Adobe's Predecessor Building By the 1886 Sanborn map,the lot at 614 Monterey was occupied by a 1- or 1 1/z-story wood-frame building. In 1904 Louis Reiser Heyd, Sr., an Alsatian immigrant to San Luis in the 1870s, was advertising it as his place of business for cleaning and dying suits (26 July 1904). The shed had been converted to a cleaning and dying plant by the 1891 Sanborn. Heyd died at the address in 1917 (Daily Telegram 10 March 1917), his widow Eliza Falque in 1933. � q „ ,_,�� � ��� �"��� � �� ,�r � � � �YG � .�� � m� �"� .,�i n � , � .....�........� ....-�—m._. .... ... ...M...,.�. .,�..��..�.. .r'�. � ... �� � �..� l �` � � � ��' ��� � . "�.'�� r � � '� I �. ,,w^;�' s „a� y ����.��,�� j �/JJ�yU B ��o- „ '��q..���N' .,. �r,�,� � w.�..,� s��� � � ���..� �.�.F. ��.�� ����� n�� n�° � R�._ . � � � � � r � � ���� � ..... �.._.. �..�� � ��� � � ��w� � ��� �� �� . �� � � �� ,.. ..�. �n,� �,� �F �.� ,..�a F.w��,� R� �a� �v,,...��� ,u���.� �N, � �k �, �����m: ���F,������ �.., � ���.��.wd� �.��,� � a..,,m�6 ��,���.� � a� w��. �� �� �:� � ������� "�'�� � ` m � The 600 block of Monterey Street in 1886, showing Louis Heyd, Sr.'s one-story wood dwelling second from left, the Pollard and Hays Latimer-Adobes in brown, and the Pacheco-Wilson House at far right where the Carnegie Library is now. Sanborn map. � ���� w� eo.�� � At left: 1891, the shed now a ,� °°°,°�°; , ,����^�^��- .� �� dyeing and cleaning shop , w�� � � �, �� ��� ��''� „ � � �, ��� I�» w� �� �1 1/� � � � � � �„� ��� ^�� �'������ At right: the 1926-56 ;;�� ��� �� � � �� �tiw Sanborn map, with the Heyd ��� � ��� ���� r� �� ��� ��� ' Adobe (coded grey) and ,i� � :�� , � ���� ��: � '� ��"����� Iater wooden extension (in �.� ��„�� M,� � ��a� �y r�d: , � �"'� yellow) at back �� �..n �,� .��,� � �' �� � I � � � �M� �� ��,� � �� � � � �� � � J � �a ��� � �P�����, �� �,,,,,� �mow�� �H,�d��� �� �1�� Louis Reiser Heyd, Jr.and Lucy Kiger Heyd Louis Heyd,Jr., usually referred to as L. R. Heyd,was a hands-on, experientially-taught practitioner with technology. He turned up in local newpaper reports as a press-operator for the Tribune, injured when his hand got caught in the press (Daily Telegram 9 Nov. 1911). In World War I he was rejected from the Marine Corps for being an eighth of an inch under the height requirement,then accepted 9 after spending a week"taking exercise and practicing stretching" (18 Oct. 1917). In 1920 he was an engineer at a Union Oil Company pump station (22 July 1920), in 1923 owned a furniture store in San Luis Obispo (22 Jan. 1923), and in 1925 applied "to run a steam boiler for cleaning automobiles at Milton Righetti's service station" in San Luis Obispo (8 Dec. 1925). In 1930 he was back working for Union Oil (23 Oct. 1930). This is the last report of his professional activities in the newspaper until 1946,when he advertised Heyd's Miscellaneous Repair Shop at the 614 Monterey address. "If it's broken, I'll fix it. [...] Pre-war prices. No overhead" (Telegram-Tribune 2 Nov. 1946). ���i������a ��;�� Lucy Kiger Heyd advertised herself as a practical nurse and �,��chil,a�c�� Lu�ach���� was an officer in the Pythian Sisters, a leader in their sewing '"°�� �'�'��'��"���"��"���" ����"�Cry�'Gr��a� club, and also an officer in the Park Past Chiefs. May 21, x�c� �w�•���y ��at-�a�y :�t �r��; ���c �� ���� �°�L� �$���a �� ��� �<�x�- 1946, finds her appropriately hosting an enchilada luncheon t��M•�y �t�°ec�k�. �xa ��aa�:Pxul�ala 't�eL�c9�- �+�� �'�� ��a����a �� ���a�. at her Adobe Revival house (Telegram) Building the Heyd Adobe According to a telephone interview (20 July 2018) with Bonnie Heyd Greenaway,the daughter of L. R. and Lucy Heyd, her father saw another adobe house being built and "fell in love" with the concept, demolishing the wood house he had inherited from his father and mother. The Heyd Adobe consists of a concrete perimeter foundation topped by a wall of 16x12x4" adobe bricks in header bond, forming a 16"-thick wall whose thickness is a single brick. Built after the Long Beach earthquake, it is reinforced with rebar.At the height of 23-24 bricks (depending on ground elevation) the entire structure has a perimeter concrete capping beam 6" high by 16" deep,which (varying from American Bitumuls practice would) elegantly and efficiently forms the lintel of all the doors and windows, apart from a small porthole window on the back. The angled wood roof beams are supported on this capping beam,which is a updated version of traditional adobe construction,where a wood capping beam was used to distribute the weight of the roof beams. Two courses of adobe bricks form a crown molding on the exterior above the capping beam; three courses top the beam on the interior. At least some interior walls are also of adobe,though these are stretcher bond, hence 12" thick.A central adobe chimney is integrated into an interior wall and a corner adobe chimney into the exterior wall. Traditional and Mid-Century Modern architecture combine with such novel features as a combined dining room-kitchen with wet bar and in-room barbeque pit. Greenaway confirms the bricks were formed out of the earth on site, as was the case with the surrounding adobes, from the Mission to the Rosa Butron, Hays-Latimer, Murray, and Samuel Pollard next door (since demolished). She also remembers there was a quart of oil in every brick—the added asphalt emulsion. Bitudobe houses were advertised as dramatically moderating interior temperatures in hot climates; her father also hoped that the house would largely heat itself because of the adobe's absorption of heat during the day. But because of modern standards of comfort, he installed central heating after the first winter. 10 �i� �i iUNi��'I�4�uw�w�l .�,. 'll�r� . ' woci�� mmiwwrtu��w�wiw�ilr, I��IUIp� ., �u� .�,� .. -N , ,�,���' �NViVf I����� �� �1�� In�,� ���`�I` ,- �I�U,Jp, � 'i y�r' �, , , �',�1���"��a, i�ll`��`r,�h. , , ��i,����r�i����ia„ �; �b�!11� �!��,� ��,���'I�!"�-��`"���, �,�°`��r�,"�1�� �s I;r�,�r � �; X� ""���i�: � �'� 14 ;�"��' �I��'� �ia��,�r�;�c,����� �` �i'� � „ �,���,,,���� ��� �,� �����",�r��ll� ��� ,�,,������°�,�«���N, From an advertisement in the Santa Fe New Mexican, 1937 America's First Bitudobe Demonstration House Searches through thousands of contemporary newspapers in newspapers.com,genealogybank.com, and the California Digital Newspaper Collection confirm the Heyd Adobe as the first Bitudobe to serve as a demonstration house.A few other Bitudobe projects showed up in the press before the Heyd: permits for houses in Woodside ("Woodside Adobe House Costs $15,000," Times and Daily News Leader, 8 Mar. 1937, p. 11) and Inglewood ("Inglewood to Have Residence Recalling Pioneer Days," Los Angeles Times, 25 Apr. 1937,V4) and two built houses,the latter by Julia Morgan ("New Residence Nears Completion," Oakland Tribune, 5 June 1938, p. 3D; "Adobe Guest House Opens," Oakland Tribune, 10 July 1938, p. 2D). The Nebraska State Agricultural College `s Bitudobe poultry house gained wide play in rural papers. ���� ��.��� '������ i �u�� �������,���+���'����������� "�"��w,�a�°����r��++���� � �w�N�r� � ��,� ���,� +�w�a��� � ������ ;��,���. � � I � �� �ww �� s� ����� °��������, ���°���� ���� ��� ��. u�,�.��m. �� ������� �r�� ���� �a������� �� �� � ���� ��' �����������a ����� ��� ���" �� ���.���� ����. �"�� �������� ����� � �w. o� �� ,�_,. � �����,� ����"� �,�� � ��� ����� ��" �����^ ru�� � '���"�r�+� r �� �� ��' ���� ��� ��� ����� ���� VIV ��������������� �� � ����� �� ��� t;�n ���������9 ���� b ������ �'� �����`�'���� �� ������ . "`''���� '° ��w^��� , g ��������������" ��� �� � ��, �"^� ��"'1� �� �`�1�� �'�� h � �.,�.����,��� � �����'� ����������'�4��' � � . ,,.,,,,.,,, ,m . � � ������ � � � 9 I � �'� �."�� �� �������u�; h , a .�m..d � �u� ��� '��w�k+� ���" ���"�. '�]�� �� � ������������r���� ��� �� �������� � ����� �� �����i�� ������ � �� �'"�� L�"���� +��h� "k�"��� �yw�d�����Sk �'"`�4#�� i �i������a�mw as�rd M���i�remm+����rrV�y���,�+k���r�ra��pr�i�Yi��� d�w� �V���"' ��'�r1'd��� ��N.�.��.�'� ���'"� I �1 . "� �il�'. � �"w ��:"��' �" ��1��1�� � � � � � � ���� ���� ��� � � ����� �. Above: irst announcement o the He d �"��'�'���'�"��"'���'���'`�'��'�"��"'�"�" �� f f Y �w������ Adobe in the column Along the Creek by ������������m��!����M��� "B. Z. Body,"Telegram-Tribune 9 May 1939 {���' "�"�"�'�'��"'"�"����� ��w&��'�"���sbadV�i�rN�����r,z��mn���M�aMh�a�a�aamu Ri ht: advertisement or the He�)d Adobe's �� ��"'� �� °°°��� ����� ������w���� 9 � J �+amr+.�kNM�mr m�m�+a�roue�Nh�n� rw� !�unmMm r� bM a� �R, open house Telegram-Tribune 31 July 1939 � µ��� ������"� �" "� '�°"" �" `� , , ����� �� «�H����� °�'���������� �„ �� � ����� �� �a � �� � � � ix ���� f' 11 The Heyd is the first recorded Bitudobe residence with a sustained press campaign and open house. L. R. Heyd and William Scott were enthusiasts and evangelists. William Scott It is unclear how L. R. Heyd,Jr. met William Scott and how they � resolved on the new house becoming the �ii ��, � �'�I �'' ��� � � Bitudobe's most publicized test case. Scott �'�������� �,;,,�, may have built the adobe that had � originally caught Heyd's imagination. He ,�� �,,,,����� �����i, � combined traditional craft and look with � modern technology. Bricks for the load- �� �� � � �� ,�� ,�� �g� ���'� �'� bearing walls could have been ordered ������� ��� � ����� �*�'�� from a yard.Without a lay down machine, ���"�� �+��"��s���u��� � �� ���'�� it would have taken a team of four men at �� � �� ��''� '��� ��'�"� �`'������ least two weeks to make enough Bitudobe "��"���� '�`� ��� ��������� ����� bricks on site for Heyd's house. But make ���� ����� ���� � �*� ������ them on site they did. �� ���������� � ���� ���' �� � �"'���� ��' ��� ;��,� 9���r�� �� ����' �'�a�� Hand-hewn rafters and wood ceilings ���� ��� ��;�,,,,� ��,� ��rw� ��� �� combine with transitional ideas like the in- � ;� ,����� �����u.�ww�� �� �� �� dining room barbeque pit (reminiscent of ���� ��`� ��"����"� `'�""�� �'� ��� Old California braziers) and modern �'��'�� ��'�`� �'�"� �"�'���"� �W touches like the porthole window and bar- ����� ��'��"��'�'" �������� � ���� �� ������� ��� �� ��w top kitchen for an aesthetic that combines �;���,;„��,�,�,� ���������� �w ����.:�w�' Mission Era with Mid-Century Modern. The ��u� �+��+� �� '�"'�+����• �`"" � projecting front door surround, exterior �"'!�"�*� �°��"� �'�"�� ��"� �'"��"�� crown molding,beveled window insets, �"���"� ��`� ��� ��` �'� ��� ����� and ta erin corner chimne are rustic but ����� � p g Y "'�'������ �� ����� �� �� ������.��� sensitive articulations. The combination of i��� ��G��� ��� �� ��� ` ��� �"��� ��� capping beam and lintels brings an �� ��" �'`����"� �"� � '�� �'��" I'' inventive "form follows function" elegance ������� �`�'� ����'� ��" � ' �� ��� ��� � � ����� ��� to the design. ��� �,�� �u���� � ������ �'�� I��,�" �� m��� �� ���+��'� � ���u- � � � ' .���.��� ��������� ��� � ���� ���-� � ��� � ����� ��%,/ ��,;,�1����������/��,/,��,��i�i������ �� �� "� �� "�' �' ��,.��� � �% ii� �� � f�� ���� �Y�f����rli���✓� %°�%�%�i'�%iirr�F��/����I��f���/� � � ��,"�� .� ������� ��'P� ffi���,�� ,�''�.,��' � ��l�%y �„ i i f� ���i % ��/r�� � ��� � p�,, w � /�i� �ii i , ,,, /v.� ,,,%„ , ,,„„ nG�'�rr�v�����; ��, �M� �»F� � ��w. , '�" :��Ip � �,„qp'�"�� ���� r ,G�'�' ��� � �tiz��"��ti��"'� � ���� �" ` (�; n°% a � '� �$.���' �,'�l� ������ �1.➢�'��w�'��` �"�+�* a �V,�i �„ ��, 1, ��� �w ��'�y,���' 0��' �y� ��''''�1���"�'���" ;�"�.�� o��,���% / ��l!�� ' JN1Y%1 ��� T9i�.� %�N'�T, �iWiW�, ■M'M'M1�74� ' � �� � � � e,. � ��$�i b 9YWYi���"w�N��� M�� ������ ������'���'a .JI �%'w N�R'r � II��N y�,yi I "�I�W %/i�; �11Vy;,r� �il / ��� Mr Ww*� 'A�.�� . N4v�.M:�^�'�l' '� �:�� ���w V �,�����f� �9 / I�I��V� �' '� x�NrM�w�'',m , . �' � ' m i � � �7 � �,, , ,�io�w,,. ,,, .� 0 p�� ,,,,, -.wrw ��r.w+� �;, !�IV�fl( ' ,�, ,,,,e� . ... . . , � , ' �� . . Heyd Adobe:porthole window, rear facade Newspaper article on the newly built Heyd Adobe, Telegram-Tribune, 31 July 1939 12 w�y� "� n l%1 iii������//�//�///� � � � ��� � f,,�,, r,, � � ' � � /�/ � �1/i/ , ��r��� , r� �i / � �%����� � i J ����� �,. `� �������������J����il��j�%��ii%�� ����/����i� / /��� i/�i%������ ��/��iiii i���/�� i;;%,i �; ea,�r , , ... ,, ,.,, i, �, , ,`,� ,,,., � „ .., %�'� '� lii�ililii ii�I���I�IIIII II�INp II�I Vlfll IV I Vll IIII��Illlldll�(d��';i���91�IIIII�NupU�u�i,���"�ry IINV'� � '� �� " ,; �r ; �� p��m���nyr�„ i� � � I � � � ��' �y�aw,���y�,y�h�% (l�r f ( i��j 1��`I,r � ��/ ��/ �1� ���'� � ri ' ! rJJ f�f � j %"� 1 I' J i , i�� � f��'� �� �����, �� �� � � I ��� �`��+ r J i���///�� �, ,, �, fy Y ����/��� ( � 'rf �� �� r;�,i,,,/�,,�c//fij���� ; l � � ���i�,�r ����/l,��� � i/� ���i//l�/���1,%/;,/���� ,r � %//��� '%f%°i%�'m��y�'���i,i���%; „ �//li V/i�/l�� i/,/�Ii//, l�,i, r � �i�� h/,�������f�%%��b��iy�% %�� �������/� �� � . i /i��� (/✓/i�/�/���llr �i � , e, :/��� ��� ������'i'`�j''�J��/�/�/�,�i4;'^�'�lyi i /�/ ii ril� 1 i�i ' ii��� I'���� %%Gl%��ii���i�r i i � ," : ///�/ �/� � / /o / � ;; �iiii�i� ������/r�i/f !r/�i� i „ %�%/ `��/%%�ii�;i/�j rii�i i%�� i � i ��ir�l i ir iii iv ��frs . ,. / �; G����1 �r ��l��/���/�/� //y�j�r i. F�'� � �; �//l / 1� ��f� / � rr l�y�J ������� /�/��i/%�//�y�ij%i� y!�/i�r� n �i,�` � /����f���%�%"J'%T�� �� f � i � lii ��ii , io rri // (l�i7ik�r(l� "��� r 1i �{i a � , ii�I �' ! i���i����0/���ri ���i/prrr �� � �yr ii �� �/r/��� ��ii ry ii/e ,� �� f �/ � %i i ��%✓fr ir��r/r%v/ �� iiv: 1//f`/���/������ �N�ir�i '� �/ �i i ' �1��l f// /���//���Ji��.%�,�firtir �' ,i'� .. �i i/� ���1%fG/� ��, 1� tp i f ; ; , ��, �/t%i`//,� � �i ,//�lU/1 ii�i p�i i � r �f;/� �;�; ���/! i/�7��'��,1 �-�i� �� 1�� � l� y; ��:'�" G 1� 1 � �i „/ ��%� �"'�yG/�% �f/i%��� �����rr��,�r�el�,.,�,,,,�: Plank door, projecting adobe surround, concrete lintel, and exposed porch rafters y� Tapering adobe corner chimney �2Y� y�', ����''%';��ii%%0%%%'//'//%l��!/;'/��il/�ii%��li�j',1�!i�r;1%';��/�J�r"�%%/%�l%/%l,/I�%/%/ i �, s�� �����%/�//�///1�r��������G'i�//�/�/�i,�r,��rl;%%��% /�/�/;��l%//f�%/�� ��//,- i, ,IJ/i�, �i: ���� i� I,,,/!��/�i'������/. /�/ �j k,� r�li%, �„y��i �'a ;�,;� ���, � ���'� ,�� /, ,, ,; � , .� ,�,�� 1JfJ»,,,,��f���/„���i���,��/ t ,�,./�,/� %; �°���ii���l%%/G���, � i �'r l i � �%��� �� %�� ./iii�� � r/ /i i i� ��i � ai rr�i;� r � � II III � lool � %/��i 1//i✓�i����%� �t��yiiy�i��, D���i/��/i� �, /�� i � , //i/U �r/1���/� � J� ��� ��i�.�/ji � � �' a v, � yi 7 I i��� i �p u"w�o �re ooE / A ////�%!� ,f/�%/ �/��/��. � , , W i� �r i�� V � ri / lii��ii° Ig, i � ii/i/i� �y � ,� i ri ^�, ���b,��9��i��l"'»l�i�i, ii����9 / ��/-�� ���'.�///i ir��� ,�f �� i � �.r,� t� � � � "�iii �ii� lii%i�l1 I �I � �',i �� f� .., ����� � µ�v.j�� uu� s � �ii r ;,/�i/ii ir �,iii� ' � l � �� �li� I� � � � ��' � �/��% �ii �, ��� �� / /�� � � � /Ill�u� lu�«63����,✓/i il,,l,��/i9✓i1� �� � �/ / r�� � ���i i� l6/Ji ��%lSf���9Y /� //i� / �� /-. ,�, ��ajyi�i� '�%// �� �� ii iii/// �� //G� �� ' /i� � r v %�" � %i �i � �ii�i//0� � iiti/�oiiraG�, /F! '� , �//�i/��/i� i �� � i, . a ,iJ1l/a '��� �� ii �j�y �/�/�/% �.,, �i�1P//l`�� /ii ii ll io 7 ,,,d' , ���yti k kyi�i�!/���i�i�il /�/�r/1 /�iJ�� �ji��/� �.�,����.. � ,,, ., . ��j�i/%/����j�/f%�j�� ✓�G G ✓ �y�%'/ ///�� Ijp�� iGa%r�/i �ii///��%1��0� ^� w, ° �` � �/ii � � � ` �` � o�� r �a�,^*�;� � �� i,/�/���///1�ii/1/%��� � �.m, 4 „��,�, .� �,._ „ . i � i/a a��/�� //Uf "� t ri i�//////%i��1�� 1 ;r �%//1%%��r�%���//� �a�� r 1 �,/��/����%� � I � � ra ;'i il�j������/�� � m 1 �� 'i�P� /y ���,/f����;,�/��� Beveled adobe window lnset with concrete ,//�„���%���� lintel r �i,oi, �r / , /, % � �K � �/����I�I��/�// Fr/�/�%/�� �// li�/,i�'f� iJ�1 w � ;�� ,%�%y„f��%��,,,i� Exterior adobe crown molding 13 Within the year, Scott was working on a much bigger project: a 4,400-square foot hacienda for Dr. Horace Pierce, a pioneer in avocado growing and marketing on the Central Coast. The Pierce Adobe,built on a stunning site overlooking Santa Barbara,was also made from Bitudobe. It was completed in 1940 and provided the initial illustrations (below) in the Bitumuls Company's 1946 booklet Bitudobe: Water-Resistant Soil Bricks for Modern Building, addressing the postwar shortage of materials. Although the materials for adobe were readily available,the process of making bricks on site was extremely time-consuming. The overwhelming postwar trend in America was for ever larger, inexpensively built tracts,the infamous "little houses made of ticky-tacky." Yet Scott's carefully crafted designs for the Heyd and Pierce Adobes, as well as such other Bitudobes as those at El Caserio on Garden Street in Santa Barbara—including a house and studio for the photographer J.Walter Collinge (1948)—show that a postwar desire for traditional craftsmanship in modern materials spanned the classes of business and professional men like Pierce, artists like Collinge, and workingmen like Heyd.Adobe was beautiful, ecological, and comfortable and formed a significant trend of resistance against mass-production. Bitudobe made it practical. .,��M;r����;; ���:��. � �,�,��- A��� y,,� p � ����,d,,� ,.,����,ao�u �i��. q����1��'�� �il Q811 V�fl. r ;,.,.- .i.�,m ,_ ,F.,��a�� i.�,;�a�u�.°n,rirr� ,„ ro 4 li�^ Ip+FT?�� ��� v�,�s �� , � �" _„.r+e4 . . . .. .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . .. .. .. .. �I ? lY S al:�c d.,�ur�o u,��r,ext . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. 5 , , , � ���/// ��r 5�I l� u.:��4nwti4.'�9 o4.�r� r a�4'�x . . .. . .. . . .. . 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'+1 � / / « .� /i � ���� N 4 r4G 6..n '� 1 I.t I x k 14 Ik .. . . . .. . .. . . .E / // M, ��^'�a�(.�r�u� ... f � �i � � � /l �/ ? . u�Hwa�r olad,cu.�A�tlrs.uF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5x ��,��ll�i�r pp I �, ,� � II � � � �%G � �� � ,i. pi�.. ,v%o���. � �,,, � .,. Y l ,t v C !W f.�/ f i �:. V I'd�'�I e�1M1 b�.a�a. ?iY N J f f R Pw�. y./,�� �; .. � �., .. . ..� f� � d �� .� (. � AY.Th J 4�( I { @ u I I '. "�l �r �� W I �.� � � �.�.Po I," 4 V h4tocr kn �li . r�.e.. . ��9a�+ln.�: �wir� � ru.vµolxW trrvn{r�iw��<. uv 1'JCd:":i�l,�/� �: //%"//r�j� � µ�� ��� /.,n �.�/ (.S��d�l I ��iI���N� +f��. 14 �r�� � i�, V� ,� ^s i �I� Ilil� p� �'V� N. 6 ���-� �m� ,� ;;��; '�°A�„; , , , ,, ,.� �t, � ,,, .,,� �� �I„ �; f ,���;��� )� , w' �f� 1;,, �i�, n � f ,� r � � ;+�''I� � I' � � �'"� ll�� p II� ���f��q � � (�, 1��6 - � f�D� � �� ����;'��!,� � ��, , � l�J U/oll�+ �����° f(6�� U/Ji I//�l/y 1i' � 1 ��� ���1 ���G�/���/ iii� �� f������YJI�I� � J ��' l � �� �If��;�i/�� � II�U�i i/ j J�r tll�J� ��,l I �%'�� J �'�p , �fl�� � � , �� � � � � ,� � �, � ��� �� �� � , , ' �� � �� . ��. , ��� ��, � � l � , � � �� � _ ,,� i 0� �' J /////�„„, . . i /, , .°'�,��iiii� . .��Ir �„ „.,,,, ,,,,,.., .. Murray and Joan Smith Adobe (1967), 117 Longview Lane, San Luis Obispo. The dramatic building,with entrance facade stretching the full depth of the corner lot,was designed by Murray Smith, a theater professor at Cal Poly, and built by students. „ � � ,u��� �;�� ���� �. . ���9��ip . . �� , q oi� �Y� �u ��"���+ I �� � , e �` ' � ,;, .,. � .� i iY, . � � � ° r .��� ����II �� �� �� ���i� '������ Ilil i Y I � ��I I� � , V „ D, �'�,�,�r "�' �d;a�v,uro�'J��l�lir�r ���ii�////%/�/���lf��' I �",//�//G �ii/��� y��/ ,oi/, ���T�111,/i��l � �� °` i �, I If/���/%�/�///��„%%�%%����/�/!,;,,�����i/Gi%/'//�G//G////%//,%iiiii�iii ' a%'ii� i �� �� � / �� // /� � The Nelson and Garris Commercial Adobe (Pacific Engineers, 1974), 605 Santa Rosa Street at Walnut Street, San Luis Obispo,with Bitudobe from the Hans Sumpf yard in Fresno 15 RELOCATING THE HEYD ADOBE ON SITE OR OFF SITE Unfortunately the Environmental Impact Report for the Palm-Nipomo Parking Garage and SLO Repertory considered only the options of demolishing the Heyd Adobe or not building the SLO Repertory Theater,though all feasible alternatives are required to be considered in an EIR, Eric Brandt of Brandt House and Building Movers has since confirmed to the city that it is feasible to relocate the Heyd Adobe, and relocating is considered a mitigation under California statute (14 CCR§ 4852): [I]t is recognized that moving an historic building, structure, or object is sometimes necessary to prevent its destruction. Therefore, a moved building,structure, or object that is otherwise eligible may be listed in the California Register if it was moved to prevent its demolition at its former location and if the new location is compatible with the original character and use of the historical resource.An historical resource should retain its historic features and compatibility in orientation, setting, and general environment. � � �� ��, �� � � �� �� �� �� E � , p � � � ���. �I � .. . � � ������ '1 ��a �� U � r �� �p �� �I .�r � � ��� .. ,.�-�A- `�'�9�; r J �n-5��q ll �I4 � ,,. r,� _ r�M����.� �y�`� , � �' i r�iY ut ., a��. " u r. �t � �� i i r r�`a � � � ^` �' 1'1P��41 J�r p �[ � ¢ r ( �,. ...%'� ( , �`�� ',.,.,., ��� �o�� � 1 u ���Si`��,iwr�� i u� 't'v'M u,���al� � _ ���W������ ��� ,,,, �I� �. � � � _-� � ��������������:�� 1 �II"�.,���: � � � � ��'���'����k�i' � �if � ;�. � �� ��I � W If�- ia � ,� id w � µ 6 I� �,� � 11G� YiJff,a.Pl�l� �J .p�� '4 �6i a� � � �i � ( �.'^^ �, yrv � „ � it r � �i���ti , ��i � „�.. � 1 � , 1 � � � � � � �� � ,�r � �� �v � � x� � � �f � �� � ��� � . �, � .. .. � � r !r �� i i '� �i '��/ rF�� � ° r � I '�� i �'���'i��� �'. I � ��� p� ,u' , j �.�" ����� I � � I ; w�.�� I ����y���`1��'���°��� � t � ���� , � I � ,� �������� , � � � r _.s: �.�,. � �w� �v� l� � . �� � � f �°"i � �';�� i � ` �� l � ,� r ,.� � �� ,��� . � ,�__�>�� � ,,�... K � � _ , I � � �� ,, �: , �;� .�� _ � .��,�`� �,, � � � ,. i , �,n ��� .., �I ,� � �� r �� " � ,.� . � � r �" f t ��� ,��,,�„ � ��i { .,„ �_� �. � � r�' �,�' � � � � � � �, �'�,^'�. �� 1� � ��, �_...��..� � � m�J,���� � � � . ,�w �� �� � � � � � � � � r I�' �n � r ��...��. � �:��� �I �� J � �� (, , �" � � a�a,����.�n� �6 � �, �f � ��r. G��,;� � p �w„� u c k I wrv�� � �� ( ' ' � g � r � q`'.r� .,nN, . �, .. �' �u �M ww: fl... -.-`�.,�r� G��, _ .... .�`°`... �;,�,��Y 4 , � r y�Zw,,, � w� ..... ;„�-., { y� � � �i�""�"", r t ,i "�� r ���, �, .... � � „ � � � hn... ....,,,,,�,,,,"��.,�.' �i ., " ,,,,,;; ,,,,,,,,,k�� � �. q�" ,�� • „„, ..... � : y� "* � • F u .. .., ( ���.�....� ry y . � � tn,, ..:,: ( �;.7Y� ..,, ;,r :� C41V�1��4�.�^�����i"\��1� �M.3�P'5��� F� ,,,..;� � _..... . ��. � � . ...,. The Heyd Adobe relocated in front of the Black Box's blank wall This either-or approach has pitted two vital cultural interests against each other in Hunger Games situation where either the dramatic arts or the architectural arts must be destroyed. It has led to the ugly situation of a coordinated campaign by the SLO Rep advocating for the destruction of the Heyd Adobe. San Luis Obispo as a livable community and cultural tourism hub needs both performing arts and historic streetscape. Also unfortunately,the theater was designed to be built around an oak tree that retired Cal Poly horticulture professor Dave Hannings considers unlikely to survive because of its shallow root base from lack of watering, . It was not designed to be built around the adobe, although the 2011 historic evaluation for the EIR found the Heyd Adobe to be eligible for the Master List because of its rarity, and there has been resistance on the part of the SLO Rep and the city to make any accommodation or adaptation to preserve the adobe. 16 Goal The goal should be to retain the Heyd Adobe's eligibility for the Master List and California Register of Historic Resources,which will also make it eligible for the Mills Act tax abatement and SB 451 tax credits Cost Brandt estimates cost of off-site relocation at$200,000, equivalent to the local cost of building a backyard tiny house—also equivalent to the cost of 2 1/z of the 400 parking spaces that the parking structure twinned with the theater project will provide. The Heyd Adobe is in general good repair,but there would be further costs for preparing a site for the adobe and connecting it to infrastructure. Relocation on site would not only be preferable for historic meaning and context, it would also cost less and would not require cutting the adobe in two in order to move it. � ' �;,� �..�� `�� n�� � ����� '`;�;�* ��'„ I� i �: � �� �, ���.� J I� r.W�m. i�,_ � , .. ,c... ,..�, � �lz � � f �� .i �. :;i � f� ���,� ,,r�F ����� � 71 i�� �����' �;¢�,��°'�� �� 4 �" ��. � a� �� � � ,� �, � �i �,^^^ . � u ° �� f �� � „�J r z � � I �. �+�^��� u � ( �� � r �� � J mm����� I���" � ��„�`�� `��'I 4 K � � �I �b� � fu a w � pl�� o ;� � . � e �'"�; �1�� � .���: �.........i �� � � �i,�,F� � ,� �G rr. , �� � � p :�a i , � . �� ���1����� �� � � � � � � � f,� � � '� � ,� � m �M«�� �I � � ^ �, �, t� N'�a� -p���r v� fs ���riiM m � .. n(� � `.o�rv �I ` � fi �� i � � � �� � �'�',� r.,;� � i� � y ��11,�rr�r��U����'�� r„,,, �,,,� .,� j�� -I��� <-�a..,,w.� � � �.�N,�� � �; � 6 � �I , " " � ��-��� �� � � n e , ,�' � �r � � ��.. � ...a,��u�m .� uw u� y� u� „� I � ,� �� r � �,? �� 1 ,r � f �,�� u � � �{�'�1�,5.�� ��`�"���� , � ,/�� :..,, l°,.� ;,,, ���� .,.,.,.,.,.,d ,.....?� ,��- �l I..... � � � � � � � �. 1l � � ,�;�� � � � ^'"�� y�' � `J � �.� ".� �-, ��a I�I y f .. "N�Wl �b II v�w"n +1�w.y .� f rnnnwn9 �� �`1 � �. ; �f IY ' , , �,..���/ �� �o �� �� � � � � �� ��s � '� v�� � f . �a'� (�I ., � � , ��� �, �"" ��,�" � �.� ��„" �.I �.����� 'r��..b�� ! � � � . ;" , � 4 � r�� � �I „ � � ,1 r �,�� + � q � rr � I � ,. � ,� ,� ��, y � ��� ..! , I �W,�� n 9� „�� � � I.� � P � ��'�,���"� . "��5= �"�,.. �� - e... : ��� � � r,,,h� � � - p^ � p�.w ,,,, 4 .. m. y,� ..,�„ ,,,� �° �.w �,, ..��� ,..� � �° v �'"�*.,h,,�" /' Y f ^' . � :.:. ., ,.�' p .�i� , "' �' �,�,.... mm e.mm......� �. ......... .......�� i. .� � �,.,..,._...-„._�,�" �:. ,.... ; .. --.:,� ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,, .. '� �:�.=", f ���'Y4��q�f�F��"�" �Tff���T ' �,%' :a. The Heyd Adobe relocated by the Hays-LatimerAdobe, with the SLO Rep shifted on the lot to the west Logistics The original Bitudobe portion of the house—the part considered historic for its building method and William Scott architecture—is approximately 1,150 square feet, within a footprint extending 45.5' wide and 36.5' deep. The proposed SLO Rep design would occupy only 50 percent of the lot next to the parking garage; the Heyd Adobe footprint occupies only 10 percent. The Heyd Adobe could be relocated on site with no alteration of the theater's proposed structure or minor adjustment of its placement toward Nipomo Street. Next to the Hays-Latimer Adobe,the Heyd would preserve setting, feeling, and association for both buildings,which originally flanked the Pollard Adobe, as well as for the historic district. In front of the Black Box,the Heyd Adobe would provide continuity with the remainder of the historic district on Dana Street and hide a modern blank wall from the historic district. James Papp,Architectural Historian Secretary of the Interior Professional Qualification Standards 17